Humanitext Reader

Marcus Aurelius · Meditations §9.19.1

The Flux of All Things and Constant Alteration of the Self

Passage 351 of 486 · Greek

Summary

States that all things are in flux, and that both the individual and the entire universe are in a state of continuous alteration and decay.

§9.19.1Πάντα ἐν μεταβολῇ· καὶ αὐτὸς σὺ ἐν διηνεκεῖ ἀλλοιώσει καὶ κατά τι φθορᾷ, καὶ ὁ κόσμος δὲ ὅλος.
All things are in change; and you yourself are in continuous alteration and, in some respect, decay, and so too is the whole universe.

Notes

  1. §9.19.1ἐν μεταβολῇ — Throughout this section, the copula verbs expressing existence or state are omitted. We supply ἐστί (or εἰσί) for πάντα (neuter plural) in the first clause, εἶ for αὐτὸς σὺ (second person singular) in the second, and ἐστί for ὁ κόσμος ὅλος (third person singular) in the third.
  2. §9.19.1κατά τι — An adverbial phrase consisting of the preposition κατά and the neuter accusative singular pronoun τι, meaning 'in some respect' or 'in a way'. It modifies φθορᾷ (decay/destruction) to qualify the decay of the self as a partial decomposition rather than absolute annihilation.
  3. §9.19.1καὶ ὁ κόσμος δὲ ὅλος — The combination καὶ ... δέ is a conjunctive expression meaning 'and also' or 'and ... too'. It introduces ὁ κόσμος ὅλος (the whole universe) as the subject to indicate that the preceding description of being in change, alteration, and decay applies equally to the macrocosmic universe.

Cite this passage

Marcus Aurelius, Meditations §9.19.1. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0562.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:9.19.1

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.