Humanitext Reader

Marcus Aurelius · Meditations §5.8.1-5.8.5

Accepting Fate as Nature's Prescription for the Whole

Passage 109 of 486 · Greek

Summary

Drawing an analogy with Asclepius' medical prescriptions, the author explains that everything the nature of the whole sends to individuals is a "prescription" for the health and completion of the universe, and being dissatisfied with it disturbs this harmony.

§5.8.1Ὁποῖόν τί ἐστι τὸ λεγόμενον, ὅτι· συνέταξεν ὁ Ἀσκληπιὸς τούτῳ ἱππασίαν ἢ ψυχρολουσίαν ἢ ἀνυποδησίαν, τοιοῦτόν ἐστι καὶ τό· συνέταξε τούτῳ ἡ τῶν ὅλων φύσις νόσον ἢ πήρωσιν ἢ ἀποβολὴν ἢ ἄλλο τι τῶν τοιούτων. καὶ γὰρ ἐκεῖ τὸ συνέταξε τοιοῦτόν τι σημαίνει· ἔταξε τούτῳ τοῦτο ὡς κατάλληλον πρὸς ὑγίειαν, καὶ ἐνταῦθα τὸ συμβαῖνον ἑκάστῳ τέτακταί πως αὐτῷ ὡς κατάλληλον πρὸς τὴν εἱμαρμένην.
Just as when it is said, "Asclepius prescribed for this man horse-riding, or cold baths, or walking barefoot," so it is also when it is said, "The nature of the whole prescribed for this man sickness, or mutilation, or loss, or some other such thing." For in the former case, "prescribed" means something like this: he ordered this for this man as suitable for his health; and in the latter case, that which happens to each person has been ordered for him in some way as suitable for his destiny.
§5.8.2οὕτως γὰρ καὶ συμβαίνειν αὐτὰ ἡμῖν λέγομεν ὡς καὶ τοὺς τετραγώνους λίθους ἐν τοῖς τείχεσιν ἤ ἐν ταῖς πυραμίσι συμβαίνειν οἱ τεχνῖται λέγουσι, συναρμόζοντας ἀλλήλοις τῇ ποιᾷ συνθέσει.
For we also say that these things "happen" to us, just as the builders say that the squared stones in walls or pyramids "fit in," joining with one another in a certain kind of combination.
ὅλως γὰρ ἁρμονία ἐστὶ μία καὶ ὥσπερ ἐκ πάντων τῶν σωμάτων ὁ κόσμος τοιοῦτον σῶμα συμπληροῦται, οὕτως ἐκ πάντων τῶν αἰτίων ἡ εἱμαρμένη τοιαύτη αἰτία συμπληροῦται.
For on the whole there is one harmony, and just as from all bodies the universe is filled out as such a body, so from all causes destiny is filled out as such a cause.
§5.8.3νοοῦσι δὲ ὃ λέγω καὶ οἱ τέλεον ἰδιῶται· φασὶ γάρ· τοῦτο ἔφερεν αὐτῷ. οὐκοῦν τοῦτο τούτῳ ἐφέρετο καὶ τοῦτο τούτῳ συνετάττετο·
And even quite ordinary people understand what I mean; for they say, "This brought this to him." Therefore, this was brought to him, and this was prescribed for him.
δεχώμεθα οὖν αὐτὰ ὡς ἐκεῖνα ἃ ὁ Ἀσκληπιὸς συντάττει.
Let us then accept these things just as we accept those things which Asclepius prescribes.
πολλὰ γοῦν καὶ ἐν ἐκείνοις ἐστὶ τραχέα, ἀλλὰ ἀσπαζόμεθα τῇ ἐλπίδι τῆς ὑγιείας.
Indeed, there are many harsh things even among those, but we welcome them in the hope of health.
§5.8.4τοιοῦτόν τί σοι δοκείτω ἄνυσις καὶ συντέλεια τῶν τῇ κοινῇ φύσει δοκούντων, οἷον ἡ σὴ ὑγίεια, καὶ οὕτως ἀσπάζου πᾶν τὸ γινόμενον, κἂν ἀπηνέστερον δοκῇ, διὰ τὸ ἐκεῖ σε ἄγειν, ἐπὶ τὴν τοῦ κόσμου ὑγίειαν καὶ τὴν τοῦ Διὸς εὐοδίαν καὶ εὐπραγίαν.
Let the accomplishment and completion of what seems good to the common nature be to you like your health, and so welcome everything that happens, even if it seems rather harsh, because it leads you to that place, to the health of the universe and to the prosperous course and welfare of Zeus.
οὐ γὰρ ἂν τοῦτό τινι ἔφερεν, εἰ μὴ τῷ ὅλῳ συνέφερεν· οὐδὲ γὰρ ἡ τυχοῦσα φύσις φέρει τι, ὃ μὴ τῷ διοικουμένῳ ὑπ’ αὐτῆς κατάλληλόν ἐστιν.
For he would not have brought this to anyone if it did not conduce to the whole; for neither does any nature bring anything that is not suitable to that which is governed by it.
§5.8.5οὐκοῦν κατὰ δύο λόγους στέργειν χρὴ τὸ συμβαῖνόν σοι· καθ’ ἕνα μέν, ὅτι σοὶ ἐγίνετο καὶ σοὶ συνετάττετο καὶ πρὸς σέ πως εἶχεν, ἄνωθεν ἐκ τῶν πρεσβυτάτων αἰτίων συγκλωθόμενον· καθ’ ἕτερον δέ, ὅτι τῷ τὸ ὅλον διοικοῦντι τῆς εὐοδίας καὶ τῆς συντελείας καὶ νὴ Δία τῆς συμμονῆς αὐτῆς καὶ τὸ ἰδίᾳ εἰς ἕκαστον ἧκον αἴτιόν ἐστι.
Therefore, you must love what happens to you for two reasons: first, because it happened to you and was prescribed for you, and was in some way related to you, being spun from above out of the oldest causes; second, because even that which comes individually to each person is a cause of the prosperous course, completion, and indeed the very preservation of that which governs the whole.
πηροῦται γὰρ τὸ ὁλόκληρον, ἐὰν καὶ ὁτιοῦν διακόψῃς τῆς συναφείας καὶ συνεχείας ὥσπερ τῶν μορίων, οὕτω δὴ καὶ τῶν αἰτίων· διακόπτεις δέ, ὅσον ἐπὶ σοί, ὅταν δυσαρεστῇς, καὶ τρόπον τινὰ ἀναιρεῖς.
For the whole is mutilated if you cut off even the least part of its connection and continuity, whether of its parts or, indeed, of its causes; and you do cut it off, so far as lies in you, whenever you are dissatisfied, and in a way you destroy it.

Notes

  1. §5.8.2συμβαίνειν — A play on the polysemous word `συμβαίνειν` is utilized. On one hand, it means "to happen (as an event)"; on the other hand, it means "to fit in (like stones)". The occurrence of events is compared to the fitting of stones in the architectural harmony of the universe.
  2. §5.8.4ἔφερεν ... συνέφερεν — A paronomasia (wordplay) based on the shared root of the verbs `φέρω` (to bring, bear) and `συμφέρω` (to conduce to, be useful). It reinforces, with acoustic resonance, the logical link that nature would not bring (`ἔφερεν`) something to an individual unless it was of benefit (`συνέφερεν`) to the whole.
  3. §5.8.5ὅσον ἐπὶ σοί — An idiomatic expression using the accusative, meaning "so far as lies in you" or "as far as you are concerned". Here, it indicates that while an individual's subjective dissatisfaction cannot actually destroy the objective chain of the universe, on a subjective and moral level, it amounts to an attempt to sever and destroy it.

Cite this passage

Marcus Aurelius, Meditations §5.8.1-5.8.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0562.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:5.8.1-5.8.5

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