§635καὶ ἡ φάλαγξ ἡ τῶν Μακεδόνων, τεταγμένη μέν, ὡς μεθʼ ἱππέων, ἐπὶ στενοῦ τε καὶ τετραγώνου, γεγυμνωμένη δὲ τῶν ἱππέων ἑκατέρωθεν, τοὺς μὲν ψιλοὺς τοὺς ἐπὶ τοῦ μετώπου σφῶν ἔτι προπολεμοῦντας διαστᾶσα ἐς αὑτὴν ἐδέξατο καὶ πάλιν συνῄει, Δομιτίου δʼ αὐτὴν ἱππεῦσι πολλοῖς καὶ ψιλοῖς εὐμαρῶς, οἷα πλινθίον πυκνόν, κυκλώσαντος, οὔτʼ ἐκδραμεῖν ἔτι ἔχουσα οὔτʼ ἐξελίξαι βάθος οὕτω πολύ, μάλα καρτερῶς ἐκακοπάθει.
And the Macedonian phalanx, though drawn up in a narrow and square formation as if with cavalry, but stripped of the cavalry on both sides, opened its ranks to receive within itself their own light-armed troops who were still fighting in front of them, and then closed up again; but when Domitius with many cavalry and light-armed troops easily surrounded them, like a dense brick, being no longer able either to charge out or to deploy so great a depth, they suffered very severely.
καὶ ἠγανάκτουν αὐτοὶ μὲν ταῖς ἐμπειρίαις οὐδὲν ἔχοντες ἔτι χρῆσθαι, τοῖς δὲ πολεμίοις εὔβλητοι καὶ ἐπιτυχεῖς πανταχόθεν ὄντες.
And they were indignant that they could no longer make any use of their experience, while being easy targets and exposed to hits from all sides by the enemy.
ὅμως δὲ τὰς σαρίσσας ἐκ τετραγώνου προβαλλόμενοι πυκνὰς προὐκαλοῦντο Ῥωμαίους ἐς χεῖρας ἐλθεῖν, καὶ δόξαν ἐπιβαινόντων ἀεὶ παρεῖχον.
Nevertheless, presenting their dense sarissas from their square formation, they challenged the Romans to come to close quarters, and constantly gave the appearance of being about to advance.
οὐ μήν τι προεπήδων, πεζοί τε καὶ βαρεῖς ὄντες ὑπὸ τῶν ὅπλων, καὶ τοὺς πολεμίους ἐπὶ ἵππων ὁρῶντες, μάλιστα δὲ ἵνα μὴ τὸ τῆς τάξεως πυκνὸν ἐκλύσειαν· μετατάξασθαι γὰρ ἑτέρως οὐκ ἔφθανον.
Yet they did not leap forward at all, being infantry and heavy under their armor, and seeing the enemy on horseback, and especially lest they should break the density of their formation; for they had no time to change their formation otherwise.
Ῥωμαῖοι δʼ αὐτοῖς οὐ προσεπέλαζον μέν, οὐδʼ ἐς χεῖρας ᾔεσαν, δεδιότες ἀνδρῶν ἠσκημένων ἐμπειρίαν τε καὶ πυκνότητα καὶ ἀπόγνωσιν, περιθέοντες δὲ ἐσηκόντιζόν τε καὶ ἐσετόξευον.
The Romans, on their part, did not approach them, nor did they go to close quarters, fearing the experience, density, and desperation of trained men, but running around them, they hurled javelins and shot arrows.
καὶ οὐδὲν ἦν ἀχρεῖον ὡς ἐν ὀλίγῳ πολλῶν συνεστώτων. οὐ γὰρ εἶχον οὔτε ἐκκλῖναι τὰ βαλλόμενα οὔτε φερομένοις διαστῆναι.
And nothing was in vain, since many were gathered in a small space; for they could neither dodge the missiles nor open their ranks to let them pass through.
ὅθεν ἤδη πολλὰ κάμνοντες ἐνεδίδοσαν ὑπὸ τῆς ἀπορίας, καὶ βάδην ὑπεχώρουν σὺν ἀπειλῇ, πάνυ εὐσταθῶς καὶ Ῥωμαίοις ἐπιφόβως· οὐδὲ γὰρ τότε προσπελάζειν αὐτοῖς ἐτόλμων, ἀλλὰ περιθέοντες ἔβλαπτον, μέχρι, τῶν ἐλεφάντων ἐν τῇ Μακεδόνων φάλαγγι συνταραχθέντων τε καὶ οὐχ ὑπακουόντων ἔτι τοῖς ἐπιβάταις, ὁ κόσμος ὁ τῆς φυγῆς συνεχεῖτο.
Hence, already heavily exhausted, they gave way under the difficulty, and retreated step by step with a threatening attitude, very steadily and in a manner terrifying to the Romans; for not even then did they dare to approach them, but harassed them by running around, until, the elephants in the Macedonian phalanx being thrown into confusion and no longer obeying their riders, the orderly fashion of their retreat was utterly broken.
§636καὶ ταύτῃ μὲν ὁ Δομίτιος ἐκράτει, καὶ ἐπὶ τὸ στρατόπεδον τοῦ Ἀντιόχου φθάσας ἐβιάζετο τοὺς ἐν αὐτῷ φυλάσσοντας·
In this way Domitius was victorious, and having reached Antiochus' camp, he overpowered those guarding it.
ὁ δὲ Ἀντίοχος ἐς πολὺ διώκων παρʼ οὓς ἐκ τῆς Ῥωμαϊκῆς φάλαγγος ἐτέτακτο, οὐδενὸς οὐδʼ ἐκείνοις ἱππέων ἢ ψιλοῦ παρόντος ἐς ἐπικουρίαν (οὐ γὰρ παρετετάχει Δομίτιος, ἡγούμενος οὐ δεήσεσθαι διὰ τὸν ποταμόν), μέχρι τοῦ Ῥωμαίων χάρακος ἦλθεν.
But Antiochus, pursuing far those whom he had cut off from the Roman phalanx, while no cavalry or light-armed troops were present to help them either (for Domitius had not stationed any there, thinking they would not be needed because of the river), came as far as the Roman rampart.
ἐπεὶ δὲ αὐτὸν ὅ τε χιλίαρχος ὁ τοῦ χάρακος φύλαξ, ἀκμῆσι τοῖς φύλαξιν ὑπαντιάσας, ἐπέσχε τῆς ὁρμῆς καὶ οἱ φεύγοντες τοῖς ἀναμιχθεῖσι θαρροῦντες ἐπεστρέφοντο, ἐπανῄει σοβαρὸς ὁ Ἀντίοχος ὡς ἐπὶ νίκῃ, οὐδενὸς τῶν ἐπὶ θάτερα πεπυσμένος.
But when the tribune, the guardian of the rampart, meeting him with fresh guards, stopped his rush, and the fugitives, taking courage from those they had joined, turned back, Antiochus returned, exultant as if victorious, having heard nothing of what had happened on the other side.
Ἄτταλος δʼ αὐτόν, ὁ Εὐμένους ἀδελφός, ἱππεῦσι πολλοῖς ὑπαντιάζει.
And Attalus, the brother of Eumenes, met him with many cavalry.
καὶ τούσδε μὲν εὐμαρῶς ὁ Ἀντίοχος διακόψας διέδραμε, καὶ παρατρεχόντων ἔτι καὶ μικρὰ λυπούντων οὐκ ἐφρόντιζεν·
Antiochus easily broke through them and ran past, paying no attention to those who were still running alongside and causing minor annoyance.
ὡς δὲ κατεῖδε τὴν ἧτταν καὶ τὸ πεδίον ἅπαν νεκρῶν ἰδίων πλῆρες, ἀνδρῶν τε καὶ ἵππων καὶ ἐλεφάντων, τό τε στρατόπεδον εἰλημμένον ἤδη κατὰ κράτος, τότε δὴ καὶ ὁ Ἀντίοχος ἔφυγεν ἀμεταστρεπτί, καὶ μέχρι μέσων νυκτῶν ἐς Σάρδεις παρῆλθεν.
But when he saw the defeat and the whole plain full of his own dead—men, horses, and elephants—and the camp already taken by storm, then indeed Antiochus also fled without looking back, and by midnight arrived at Sardis.
παρῆλθε δὲ καὶ ἀπὸ Σάρδεων ἐς Κελαινάς, ἣν Ἀπάμειαν καλοῦσιν, οἷ τὸν υἱὸν ἐπυνθάνετο συμφυγεῖν.
He also went on from Sardis to Celaenae, which they call Apamea, where he heard his son had fled.
τῆς δʼ ἐπιούσης ἐς Συρίαν ἐκ Κελαινῶν ἀνεζεύγνυ, τοὺς στρατηγοὺς ἐν Κελαιναῖς καταλιπὼν ὑποδέχεσθαί τε καὶ ἀθροίζειν τοὺς διαφυγόντας.
On the following day, he departed from Celaenae for Syria, leaving his generals in Celaenae to receive and collect those who had escaped.
περι τε καταλύσεως τοῦ πολέμου πρέσβεις ἔπεμπε πρὸς τὸν ὕπατον.
And he sent envoys to the consul to treat for the termination of the war.
ὁ δὲ τὰ οἰκεῖα ἔθαπτε, καὶ ἐσκύλευε τοὺς πολεμίους, καὶ τὰ αἰχμάλωτα συνῆγεν.
The consul buried his own dead, despoiled the enemy, and gathered the booty.
ἐφάνησαν δὲ νεκροὶ Ῥωμαίων μὲν τῶν ἐξ ἄστεος ἱππεῖς εἴκοσι καὶ τέσσαρες καὶ πεζοὶ τριακόσιοι μάλιστα, οὓς ὁ Ἀντίοχος ἔκτεινεν, Εὐμένους δὲ πεντεκαίδεκα ἱππεῖς μόνοι.
There were found dead among the Romans from the city twenty-four cavalry and about three hundred infantry, whom Antiochus killed, and of Eumenes' men only fifteen cavalry.
Ἀντιόχου δέ, σὺν τοῖς αἰχμαλώτοις εἰκάζοντο ἀπολέσθαι περὶ πεντακισμυρίους· οὐ γὰρ εὐμαρὲς ἦν ἀριθμῆσαι διὰ τὸ πλῆθος.
Of Antiochus' army, it was estimated that about fifty thousand perished, including the captives; for it was not easy to count them because of the multitude.
καὶ τῶν ἐλεφάντων οἱ μὲν ἀνῄρηντο, πεντεκαίδεκα δʼ αἰχμάλωτοι ἐγεγένητο.
Of the elephants, some were killed, and fifteen were taken captive.