§630ὁ μὲν δὴ Πόπλιος ταῦτα εἰπὼν ἐς Ἐλαίαν νοσηλευόμενος ὑπεχώρει, σύμβουλον τῷ ἀδελφῷ Γναῖον Δομίτιον καταλιπών·
Publius, having said this, retired to Elaea to be cured of his sickness, leaving Gnaeus Domitius as an adviser to his brother.
ὁ δʼ Ἀντίοχος, οἷόν τι καὶ Φίλιππος ὁ Μακέδων, οἰηθεὶς τῶνδε τῶν ἐπιταγμάτων πλέον οὐδὲν αὑτοῦ τὸν πόλεμον ἀφαιρήσεσθαι, συνέτασσε ἀπὸ τῶν πολεμίων, καὶ Σκιπίωνι τὸν υἱὸν ἀπέπεμπεν ἐς Ἐλαίαν.
Antiochus, like Philip the Macedonian before him, thinking that even if he accepted these demands, war could strip him of nothing more, marshaled his forces against the enemy, and sent Scipio's son back to him at Elaea.
ὁ δὲ τοῖς ἄγουσι συνεβούλευε μὴ μάχεσθαι τὸν Ἀντίοχον ἕως αὐτὸς ἐπανέλθοι.
The latter advised those who brought the boy that Antiochus should not fight until he himself should return.
καὶ τῷδε πεισθεὶς ὁ Ἀντίοχος μετεστρατοπέδευσεν ἀμφὶ τὸ ὄρος τὸ Σίπυλον, τεῖχός τε καρτερὸν τῷ στρατοπέδῳ περιετείχιζε, καὶ τὸν Φρύγιον ποταμὸν ἐν προβολῇ τοῖς πολεμίοις ἐτίθετο, ἵνα μηδʼ ἄκων ἀναγκάζοιτο πολεμεῖν.
Persuaded by this, Antiochus moved his camp to the neighborhood of Mount Sipylus, threw up a strong rampart around his camp, and placed the Phrygian river in front as a barrier against the enemy, so that he might not be forced to fight even against his will.
Δομίτιος δὲ φιλοτιμούμενος τὸν πόλεμον ἐφʼ ἑαυτοῦ κριθῆναι, τὸν ποταμὸν ἐπέρα μάλα θρασέως, καὶ σταδίους εἴκοσιν ἀπʼ Ἀντιόχου διασχὼν ἐστρατοπέδευσεν.
But Domitius, ambitious that the war should be decided under his own command, crossed the river with great boldness, and encamped at a distance of twenty stades from Antiochus.
τέσσαρσί τε ἡμέραις ἐφεξῆς ἐξέτασσον ἑκάτεροι παρὰ τὸν χάρακα τὸν ἑαυτῶν, καὶ μάχης οὐ κατῆρχον.
For four successive days both sides drew up their forces near their own ramparts, but did not begin the battle.
τῇ πέμπτῃ δὲ ὁ Δομίτιος ἐξέτασσεν αὖθις καὶ ἐπέβαινε σοβαρῶς.
On the fifth day Domitius drew up his army again and advanced menacingly.
οὐκ ἀντεπιόντος δὲ τοῦ Ἀντιόχου, τότε μὲν ἐγγυτέρω μετεστρατοπέδευσε, μίαν δὲ ἄλλην διαλιπὼν ἐκήρυσσεν ἐς ἐπήκοον τῶν πολεμίων ἐς αὔριον Ἀντιόχῳ καὶ ἄκοντι πολεμήσειν.
When Antiochus did not come out to meet him, Domitius then moved his camp closer, and after waiting one more day, he proclaimed within hearing of the enemy that he would fight Antiochus on the morrow, even against his will.
ὁ δὲ συνταραχθεὶς αὖθις μεθίει τὰ δόξαντα, καὶ δυνηθεὶς ἂν ἑστάναι μόνον ὑπὸ τὸ τεῖχος ἢ καλῶς αὐτὸν ἀπὸ τοῦ τείχους ἀπομάχεσθαι μέχρι ῥαΐσειεν ὁ Πόπλιος, αἰσχρὸν ἡγεῖτο μετὰ πλειόνων φυγομαχεῖν·
The latter, thrown into confusion again, abandoned his former resolution; and although he might have merely remained under his rampart, or successfully fought on the defensive from the wall until Publius should recover, he thought it disgraceful to decline battle when he had the superior numbers.
ὅθεν ἐς μάχην παρέτασσεν.
Therefore he drew up his army for battle.
§631καὶ ἐξῆγον ἔτι νυκτὸς ἄμφω περὶ ἐσχάτην φυλακήν, διεκόσμει δʼ αὐτῶν ἑκάτερος ὧδε.
Both led out their forces while it was still night, about the last watch, and each arranged them as follows.
τὸ μὲν λαιὸν εἶχον ὁπλῖται Ῥωμαίων μύριοι, παρὰ τὸν ποταμὸν αὐτόν· καὶ μετʼ ἐκείνους ἦσαν Ἰταλῶν ἕτεροι μύριοι, τρεῖς ἑκατέρων τάξεις ἐπὶ βάθος.
The left wing was held by ten thousand Roman heavy infantry, right along the river itself; and next to them were another ten thousand Italians, both being arranged in three lines of depth.
ἐπὶ δὲ τοῖς Ἰταλοῖς ὁ Εὐμένους στρατὸς ἐτάσσετο, καὶ Ἀχαιῶν πελτασταὶ περὶ τρισχιλίους.
Next to the Italians was drawn up the army of Eumenes, and about three thousand Achaean peltasts.
ὧδε μὲν εἶχε τὸ λαιόν, τὸ δεξιὸν δʼ ἦν ἱππεῖς, οἵ τε Ῥωμαίων καὶ Ἰταλῶν καὶ Εὐμένους, οὐ πλείους οὐδʼ οὗτοι τρισχιλίων.
Such was the arrangement of the left wing. The right wing consisted of cavalry, both Roman, Italian, and that of Eumenes, nor did these exceed three thousand.
ἀνεμεμίχατο δʼ ἅπασι ψιλοί τε καὶ τοξόται πολλοί, καὶ ἀμφὶ τὸν Δομίτιον αὐτὸν ἦσαν ἱππέων ἶλαι τέσσαρες.
Scattered among them all were many light-armed troops and archers, and about Domitius himself were four squadrons of horse.
οὕτω μὲν ἐγίγνοντο πάντες ἐς τρισμυρίους, ἐπεστάτει δὲ τοῦ μὲν δεξιοῦ Δομίτιος αὐτός, καὶ ἐς τὸ μέσον αὐτὸν ἵστη τὸν ὕπατον, τὸ δὲ λαιὸν ἔδωκεν Εὐμένει.
Thus the whole force amounted to about thirty thousand. Domitius himself commanded the right wing, placed the consul himself in the center, and gave the command of the left wing to Eumenes.
τῶν δʼ ἐλεφάντων, οὓς εἶχεν ἐκ Λιβύης, οὐδένα νομίζων ἔσεσθαι χρήσιμον ὀλιγωτέρων τε ὄντων καὶ βραχυτέρων οἷα Λιβύων (δεδίασι δʼ οἱ σμικρότεροι τοὺς μείζονας), ἔστησεν ὀπίσω πάντας.
As for the elephants, which he had from Libya, thinking that none of them would be of any use because they were few in number and small of stature as Libyan elephants are (for the smaller fear the larger), he placed them all in the rear.
§632ὧδε μὲν δὴ διετετάχατο Ῥωμαῖοι, Ἀντιόχῳ δʼ ἦν μὲν ὁ στρατὸς ἅπας ἑπτακισμύριοι, καὶ τούτων τὸ κράτιστον ἦν ἡ φάλαγξ ἡ Μακεδόνων, ἄνδρες ἑξακισχίλιοι καὶ μύριοι, ἐς τὸν Ἀλεξάνδρου καὶ Φιλίππου τρόπον ἔτι κοσμούμενοι·
Thus were the Romans drawn up. Antiochus had in all seventy thousand men, of whom the strongest part was the Macedonian phalanx of sixteen thousand men, still armed and arranged in the manner of Alexander and Philip.
ἵστη δʼ αὐτοὺς ἐν μέσῳ, διελὼν ἀνὰ χιλίους καὶ ἑξακοσίους ἐς δέκα μέρη, καὶ τούτων ἑκάστου μέρους ἦσαν ἐπὶ μὲν τοῦ μετώπου πεντήκοντα ἄνδρες, ἐς δὲ τὸ βάθος δύο καὶ τριάκοντα, ἐς δὲ τὰ πλευρὰ ἑκάστου μέρους ἐλέφαντες δύο καὶ εἴκοσιν.
He placed them in the center, dividing them into ten divisions of sixteen hundred men each, so that each division had fifty men in front and thirty-two deep, and on the flanks of each division were two elephants, making twenty-two in all.
ἡ δʼ ὄψις ἦν τῆς μὲν φάλαγγος οἷα τείχους, τῶν δʼ ἐλεφάντων οἷον πύργων.
The appearance of the phalanx was like that of a wall, and that of the elephants like towers.
τοιοῦτον μὲν ἦν τὸ πεζὸν Ἀντιόχῳ, ἱππεῖς δʼ ἑκατέρωθεν αὐτοῦ παρετετάχατο Γαλάται τε κατάφρακτοι καὶ τὸ λεγόμενον ἄγημα τῶν Μακεδόνων.
Such was Antiochus's infantry. On either side of it was drawn up the cavalry, consisting of Galatian cataphracts and the so-called agema of the Macedonians.
εἰσὶ δὲ καὶ οἵδε ἱππεῖς ἐπίλεκτοι, καὶ παρʼ αὐτὸ ἄγημα λέγεται.
These also were select horsemen, and for that very reason were called the agema.
τάδε μὲν ἔξ ἴσου τῆς φάλαγγος ἦν ἑκατέρωθεν·
These were on either side of the phalanx in equal measure.
ἐπὶ δʼ αὐτοῖς τὰ κέρατα κατεῖχον ἐν μὲν δεξιᾷ ψιλοί τέ τινες καὶ ἕτεροι ἱππεῖς ἀργυράσπιδες καὶ ἱπποτοξόται διακόσιοι, τὸ δὲ λαιὸν Γαλατῶν τʼ ἔθνη, Τεκτοσάγαι τε καὶ Τρόκμοι καὶ Τολιστόβοιοι, καὶ Καππαδόκαι τινὲς οὓς ἔπεμψεν Ἀριαράθης, καὶ μιγάδες ἄλλοι ξένοι, κατάφρακτός τε ἵππος ἐπὶ τοῖσδε ἑτέρα, καὶ ἣν ἐκάλουν ἵππον ἑταιρικήν, ὡπλισμένη κούφως.
Beyond them, the wings were occupied, on the right by some light-armed troops, another body of silver-shield cavalry, and two hundred horse-archers; on the left were the Galatian tribes, the Tectosages, the Trocmi, and the Tolistobogii, and some Cappadocians sent by Ariarathes, and other mixed mercenaries, and in addition to these another body of cataphract cavalry, and what they called the companion cavalry, which was light-armed.
ὧδε μὲν καὶ ὁ Ἀντίοχος ἐξέτασσεν.
In this manner Antiochus also drew up his forces.
καὶ δοκεῖ τὴν ἐλπίδα λαβεῖν ἐν τοῖς ἱππεῦσιν, οὓς πολλοὺς ἔστησεν ἐπὶ τοῦ μετώπου, τὴν δὲ φάλαγγα πυκνὴν ἐς ὀλίγον συναγαγεῖν ἀπειροπολέμως, ᾗ δὴ καὶ μάλιστα ἔδει θαρρεῖν πάνυ ἠσκημένῃ.
He seems to have placed his hope in his cavalry, of whom he posted a large number in front, while he crowded his phalanx, which was highly trained and should have been his chief reliance, into a narrow space in an unskilful manner.
πολὺ δὲ καὶ ἄλλο πλῆθος ἦν λιθοβόλων τε καὶ τοξοτῶν καὶ ἀκοντιστῶν καὶ πελταστῶν, Φρυγῶν τε καὶ Λυκίων καὶ Παμφύλων καὶ Πισιδῶν Κρητῶν τε καὶ Τραλλιανῶν καὶ Κιλίκων ἐς τὸν Κρητῶν τρόπον ἐσκευασμένων.
There was also a vast multitude of slingers, archers, javelin-throwers, and peltasts: Phrygians, Lycians, Pamphylians, Pisidians, Cretans, Trallians, and Cilicians equipped in the Cretan fashion.
ἱπποτοξόται τε ἐπὶ τοῖσδε ἕτεροι, Δᾶαι καὶ Μυσοὶ καὶ Ἐλυμαῖοι καὶ Ἄραβες, οἳ καμήλους ὀξυτάτας ἐπικαθήμενοι τοξεύουσί τε εὐμαρῶς ἀφʼ ὑψηλοῦ, καὶ μαχαίραις, ὅτε πλησιάζοιεν, ἐπιμήκεσι καὶ στεναῖς χρῶνται.
In addition to these were other horse-archers, Dahae, Mysians, Elymaeans, and Arabs, who, riding on swift camels, shot arrows with ease from their high position, and used long, narrow swords when they came to close quarters.
δρεπανηφόρα τε ἅρματα ἐν τῷ μεταιχμίῳ, προπολεμεῖν τοῦ μετώπου, ἐτετάχατο· καὶ εἴρητο αὐτοῖς μετὰ τὴν πρώτην πεῖραν ὑποχωρεῖν.
Scythed chariots were also stationed in the space between the two armies, to fight in front of the line; and they were ordered to retire after the first onset.