Humanitext Reader

Polybius · The Histories §5.71.1-5.71.12

Capture of Gadara and Surrender of Rabbatamana

Passage 435 of 1311 · Greek

Summary

Antiochus III captures Gadara and Rabbatamana on the east bank of the Jordan, forcing Rabbatamana to surrender by blocking its water supply, and then prepares for winter quarters in Ptolemais.

§5.71.1Καμοῦν καὶ Γεφροῦν.
Camun and Gephrun.
τοιαύτης δὲ γενομένης τῆς εὐροίας, οἱ τὴν παρακειμένην Ἀραβίαν κατοικοῦντες, παρακαλέσαντες σφᾶς αὐτούς, ὁμοθυμαδὸν αὐτῷ προσέθεντο πάντες.
Such a favorable course of events having occurred, those who inhabited the adjacent parts of Arabia, encouraging one another, all with one mind joined him.
§5.71.2προσλαβὼν δὲ καὶ τὴν παρὰ τούτων ἐλπίδα καὶ χορηγίαν προῆγε, καὶ κατασχὼν εἰς τὴν Γαλᾶτιν γίνεται Ἀβίλων καὶ τῶν εἰς αὐτὰ παραβεβοηθηκότων, ὧν ἡγεῖτο Νικίας, ἀναγκαῖος ὢν καὶ συγγενὴς Μεννέου.
And having received also the hope and supply from them, he advanced, and entering the territory of Galatis, he became master of Abila and of those who had come to its rescue, whom Nicias commanded, who was an intimate friend and relative of Menneas.
§5.71.3καταλειπομένων δʼ ἔτι τῶν Γαδάρων, ἃ δοκεῖ τῶν κατʼ ἐκείνους τοὺς τόπους ὀχυρότητι διαφέρειν, προσστρατοπεδεύσας αὐτοῖς καὶ συστησάμενος ἔργα ταχέως κατεπλήξατο καὶ παρέλαβε τὴν πόλιν.
Gadara still remaining, which was thought to surpass the other places in those parts in strength, he encamped against it, and having constructed siege-works, he quickly struck terror into them and took the city.
§5.71.4μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα πυνθανόμενος εἰς τὰ Ῥαββατάμανα τῆς Ἀραβίας καὶ πλείους ἡθροισμένους τῶν πολεμίων πορθεῖν καὶ κατατρέχειν τὴν τῶν προσκεχωρηκότων Ἀράβων αὐτῷ χώραν, πάντʼ ἐν ἐλάττονι θέμενος ὥρμησε καὶ προσεστρατοπέδευσε τοῖς βουνοῖς, ἐφʼ ὧν κεῖσθαι συμβαίνει τὴν πόλιν.
After this, hearing that a larger number of the enemy had assembled at Rabbatamana in Arabia, and were plundering and overrunning the territory of the Arabs who had submitted to him, he set aside all other matters and set out, and encamped near the hills on which the city happens to lie.
§5.71.5περιελθὼν δὲ καὶ συνθεασάμενος τὸν λόφον κατὰ δύο τόπους μόνον ἔχοντα πρόσοδον, ταύτῃ προσέβαινε καὶ κατὰ τούτους συνίστατο τοὺς τόπους τὰς τῶν μηχανημάτων κατασκευάς.
Having gone round and reconnoitered the hill, which had an approach in only two places, he made his assault there, and at these places began to erect his siege engines.
§5.71.6ἀποδοὺς δὲ τὴν ἐπιμέλειαν τῶν ἔργων τῶν μὲν Νικάρχῳ, τῶν δὲ Θεοδότῳ, τὸ λοιπὸν αὐτὸς ἤδη κοινὸν αὑτὸν παρεσκεύαζε κατὰ τὴν ἐπιμέλειαν καὶ τὴν ἐπίσκεψιν τῆς ἑκατέρου περὶ ταῦτα φιλοτιμίας.
Having assigned the superintendence of the works, part to Nicarchus and part to Theodotus, he himself for the rest was constantly present to supervise and inspect the rivalry of each of them in these matters.
§5.71.7πολλὴν δὲ ποιουμένων σπουδὴν τῶν περὶ τὸν Θεόδοτον καὶ Νίκαρχον, καὶ συνεχῶς ἁμιλλωμένων πρὸς ἀλλήλους περὶ τοῦ πότερος αὐτῶν φθάσει καταβαλὼν τὸ προκείμενον τῶν ἔργων τεῖχος, ταχέως συνέβη καὶ παρὰ τὴν προσδοκίαν ἑκάτερον πεσεῖν τὸ μέρος.
As Theodotus and Nicarchus exerted great zeal and continually rivaled each other as to which of them should be the first to throw down the wall opposite his own works, it quickly happened, even beyond expectation, that the wall fell on both sides.
§5.71.8οὗ συμβάντος ἐποιοῦντο καὶ νύκτωρ μὲν καὶ μεθʼ ἡμέραν προσβολὰς καὶ πᾶσαν προσέφερον βίαν, οὐδένα παραλείποντες καιρόν.
When this occurred, they made assaults both by night and by day and brought all kinds of force to bear, neglecting no opportunity.
§5.71.9συνεχῶς δὲ καταπειράζοντες τῆς πόλεως οὐ μὴν ἤνυον τῆς ἐπιβολῆς οὐδὲν διὰ τὸ πλῆθος τῶν εἰς τὴν πόλιν συνδεδραμηκότων ἀνδρῶν, ἕως οὗ τῶν αἰχμαλώτων τινὸς ὑποδείξαντος τὸν ὑπόνομον, διʼ οὗ κατέβαινον ἐπὶ τὴν ὑδρείαν οἱ πολιορκούμενοι, τοῦτον ἀναρρήξαντες ἐνέφραξαν ὕλῃ καὶ λίθοις καὶ παντὶ τῷ τοιούτῳ γένει.
But although they made continuous attempts on the city, they achieved nothing in their enterprise because of the multitude of men who had crowded into the city, until one of the prisoners pointed out the underground passage through which the besieged went down for water; which having broken into, they blocked up with timber and stones and all such things.
§5.71.10τότε δὲ συνείξαντες οἱ κατὰ τὴν πόλιν διὰ τὴν ἀνυδρίαν παρέδοσαν αὑτούς.
Then indeed, those in the city, yielding because of the lack of water, surrendered themselves.
§5.71.11οὗ γενομένου κυριεύσας τῶν Ῥαββαταμάνων ἐπὶ μὲν τούτων ἀπέλιπε Νίκαρχον μετὰ φυλακῆς τῆς ἁρμοζούσης· Ἱππόλοχον δὲ καὶ Κεραίαν τοὺς ἀποστάντας μετὰ πεζῶν πεντακισχιλίων ἐξαποστείλας ἐπὶ τοὺς κατὰ Σαμάρειαν τόπους, καὶ συντάξας προκαθῆσθαι καὶ πᾶσι τὴν ἀσφάλειαν προκατασκευάζειν τοῖς ὑπʼ αὐτὸν ταττομένοις, §5.71.12ἀνέζευξε μετὰ τῆς δυνάμεως ὡς ἐπὶ Πτολεμαΐδος, ἐκεῖ ποιεῖσθαι διεγνωκὼς τὴν παραχειμασίαν.
This having taken place, and having become master of Rabbatamana, he left Nicarchus there with a suitable garrison; and having sent Hippolochus and Ceraeas, who had deserted to him, with five thousand infantry to the region of Samaria, with orders to hold the position and secure safety for all those stationed under him, he broke camp with his army as if for Ptolemais, having resolved to make his winter quarters there.

Notes

  1. §5.71.2γίνεται Ἀβίλων — The verb γίγνεσθαι is used with the genitive of possession or rule (Ἀβίλων καὶ τῶν...) to mean "to become master of" or "to fall into the hands of," often understood as an ellipsis of an adjective like κύριος ("master").
  2. §5.71.6κοινὸν αὑτὸν παρεσκεύαζε — The adjective κοινός (common, impartial) is used predicatively to mean "made himself impartial" or "impartially involved himself." It indicates that the king maintained an equal and unbiased supervision over the rivalry between the two commanders.
  3. §5.71.9ἕως οὗ τῶν αἰχμαλώτων τινὸς ὑποδείξαντος — The temporal phrase ἕως οὗ ("until") is followed immediately by a genitive absolute construction (τῶν αἰχμαλώτων τινὸς ὑποδείξαντος). In combination with the negative main clause (οὐδὲν ἤνυον), it marks the temporal limit of their lack of progress.

Cite this passage

Polybius, The Histories §5.71.1-5.71.12. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0543.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:5.71.1-5.71.12

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.