§4.44.1διὰ πόρου.
through the channel.
καὶ τὸ ποιοῦν τὴν μὲν τῶν Βυζαντίων πόλιν εὐκαιροτάτην, τὴν δὲ τῶν Καλχηδονίων τἀναντία, τοῦτʼ ἔστι τὸ νῦν ὑφʼ ἡμῶν εἰρημένον, καίπερ ἀπὸ τῆς ὄψεως ὁμοίας ἀμφοτέραις δοκούσης εἶναι τῆς θέσεως πρὸς τὴν εὐκαιρίαν.
And what makes the city of the Byzantines highly advantageous, and that of the Chalcedonians the opposite, is what has just been said by us, although from its appearance their situation seems to be similar in both cases with respect to advantage.
§4.44.2ἀλλʼ ὅμως εἰς τὴν μὲν βουληθέντα καταπλεῦσʼ οὐ ῥᾴδιον, πρὸς ἣν δέ, κἂν μὴ βούλῃ, φέρει κατʼ ἀνάγκην ὁ ῥοῦς, καθάπερ ἀρτίως εἴπομεν.
But nevertheless, while it is not easy to sail into the one even if one wishes, towards the other, even if one does not wish, the current carries one of necessity, as we have just said.
§4.44.3σημεῖον δὲ τούτου· ἐκ Καλχηδόνος γὰρ οἱ βουλόμενοι διαίρειν εἰς Βυζάντιον οὐ δύνανται πλεῖν κατʼ εὐθεῖαν διὰ τὸν μεταξὺ ῥοῦν, ἀλλὰ παράγουσιν ἐπί τε τὴν Βοῦν καὶ τὴν καλουμένην Χρυσόπολιν, §4.44.4ἣν Ἀθηναῖοι τότε κατασχόντες Ἀλκιβιάδου γνώμῃ παραγωγιάζειν ἐπεβάλοντο πρῶτον τοὺς εἰς Πόντον πλέοντας, τὸ δʼ ἔμπροσθεν ἀφιᾶσι κατὰ ῥοῦν, ᾧ φέρονται κατʼ ἀνάγκην πρὸς τὸ Βυζάντιον.
And here is a proof of this: for those who wish to cross from Chalcedon to Byzantium cannot sail in a straight line because of the intervening current, but they steer their course indirectly towards Bous and the place called Chrysopolis, which the Athenians once occupied on the advice of Alcibiades and first attempted to collect transit-dues from those sailing into the Pontus; and from there they let themselves drift with the current, by which they are carried of necessity towards Byzantium.
§4.44.5ὅμοια δὲ τούτοις καὶ τὰ κατὰ τὸν ἐπὶ θάτερα πλοῦν ἐστι τῆς Βυζαντίων πόλεως·
Similar to this is the situation regarding the voyage on the other side of the city of the Byzantines.
§4.44.6ἄν τε γὰρ ἀφʼ Ἑλλησπόντου τρέχῃ τις τοῖς νότοις ἄν τʼ ἐπὶ τὸν Ἑλλήσποντον ἐκ τοῦ Πόντου τοῖς ἐτησίοις, παρὰ μὲν τὴν Εὐρώπην ἐκ τῆς Βυζαντίων πόλεως ὀρθός, ἅμα δʼ εὐπαρακόμιστός ἐστιν ὁ πλοῦς ἐπὶ τὰ τῆς Προποντίδος στενὰ κατʼ Ἄβυδον καὶ Σηστόν, κἀκεῖθεν ὡσαύτως πάλιν ἐπὶ τὸ Βυζάντιον,
For whether one runs from the Hellespont with the south winds, or towards the Hellespont from the Pontus with the Etesian winds, the voyage along Europe from the city of the Byzantines to the narrows of the Propontis by Abydus and Sestus is straight and at the same time easy to make, and likewise from there back to Byzantium.
§4.44.7ἀπὸ δὲ Καλχηδόνος παρὰ τὴν Ἀσίαν τἀναντία τούτοις διὰ τὸ κολπώδη τὸν παράπλουν ὑπάρχειν καὶ προτείνειν πολὺ τὴν τῶν Κυζικηνῶν χώραν.
But from Chalcedon along Asia, the opposite of this is the case, because the coastal voyage is gulf-like and the land of the Cyzicenes projects far out.
§4.44.8ἀφʼ Ἑλλησπόντου γὰρ φερόμενον εἰς Καλχηδόνα χρήσασθαι τῷ παρὰ τὴν Εὐρώπην πλῷ, κἄπειτα συνεγγίζοντα τοῖς κατὰ Βυζάντιον τόποις κάμπτειν καὶ προστρέχειν πρὸς τὴν Καλχηδόνα διὰ τὸν ῥοῦν καὶ τὰ προειρημένα δυσχερές.
For if one is borne from the Hellespont to Chalcedon, it is difficult to use the voyage along Europe and then, on approaching the districts near Byzantium, to double back and run towards Chalcedon, because of the current and the aforementioned difficulties.
§4.44.9ὁμοίως δὲ πάλιν ἐκπλέοντα προστρέχειν εὐθέως τῇ Θρᾴκῃ τελέως ἀδύνατον διά τε τὸν μεταξὺ ῥοῦν καὶ διὰ τὸ τοὺς ἀνέμους ἑκατέρους ἀντιπίπτειν πρὸς ἀμφοτέρας τὰς ἐπιβολάς, §4.44.10ἐπειδήπερ εἰσάγει μὲν εἰς τὸν Πόντον νότος, ἐξάγει δὲ βορέας, καὶ τούτοις ἀνάγκη χρῆσθαι πρὸς ἑκάτερον τὸν δρόμον τοῖς ἀνέμοις.
In like manner, it is utterly impossible for one sailing out to run straight for Thrace, both because of the intervening current and because both winds blow contrary to both attempts, since the south wind brings ships into the Pontus, while the north wind brings them out, and it is necessary to use these winds for each of the two courses.
§4.44.11τὰ μὲν οὖν τὴν κατὰ θάλατταν εὐκαιρίαν ποιοῦντα Βυζαντίοις ταῦτʼ ἔστι, τὰ δὲ τὴν κατὰ γῆν
Such then are the things which make for the advantage of the Byzantines by sea; while those by land...