§3.60.1τὸ μὲν οὖν πλῆθος τῆς δυνάμεως, ὅπερ ἔχων Ἀννίβας ἐνέβαλεν εἰς Ἰταλίαν, ἤδη δεδηλώκαμεν.
Now, as to the total number of the forces with which Hannibal invaded Italy, we have already made it clear.
§3.60.2μετὰ δὲ τὴν εἰσβολὴν καταστρατοπεδεύσας ὑπʼ αὐτὴν τὴν παρώρειαν τῶν Ἄλπεων τὰς μὲν ἀρχὰς ἀνελάμβανε τὰς δυνάμεις.
After the invasion, having encamped just at the foot of the Alps, he at first set about recruiting his forces.
§3.60.3οὐ γὰρ μόνον ὑπὸ τῶν ἀναβάσεων καὶ καταβάσεων, ἔτι δὲ τραχυτήτων τῶν κατὰ τὰς ὑπερβολάς, δεινῶς τεταλαιπωρήκει τὸ σύμπαν αὐτῷ στρατόπεδον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῇ τῶν ἐπιτηδείων σπάνει καὶ ταῖς τῶν σωμάτων ἀθεραπευσίαις κακῶς ἀπήλλαττε.
For not only had his entire army suffered terribly from the ascents and descents, and also from the ruggedness of the road in the passes, but they were also in a wretched condition owing to the scarcity of provisions and the neglect of their bodies.
§3.60.4πολλοὶ δὲ καὶ καθυφεῖνθʼ ἑαυτοὺς ὁλοσχερῶς διὰ τὴν ἔνδειαν καὶ συνέχειαν τῶν πόνων.
Many also had completely given up on themselves because of the scarcity and the continuity of their labors.
οὔτε γὰρ διακομίζειν εἰς τοσαύτας μυριάδας διὰ τοιούτων τόπων δαψιλῆ τὰ πρὸς τὴν τροφὴν οἷοί τʼ ἦσαν, ἅ τε καὶ παρεκόμιζον, ἅμα τῇ τῶν ὑποζυγίων καταφθορᾷ καὶ τούτων τὰ πλεῖστα συναπώλλυτο.
For they were neither able to transport abundant supplies of food for so many tens of thousands through such regions, nor indeed, of what they did transport, did the greater part escape being lost at the same time as the destruction of the pack animals.
§3.60.5διόπερ ὁρμήσας ἀπὸ τῆς τοῦ Ῥοδανοῦ διαβάσεως, πεζοὺς μὲν εἰς ὀκτακισχιλίους καὶ τρισμυρίους ἔχων ἱππεῖς δὲ πλείους ὀκτακισχιλίων, σχεδόν που τὴν ἡμίσειαν τῆς δυνάμεως, καθάπερ ἐπάνω προεῖπον, ἐν ταῖς ὑπερβολαῖς διέφθειρεν.
Therefore, starting from the passage of the Rhone with about thirty-eight thousand infantry and more than eight thousand cavalry, he lost in the passes, as I said above, nearly half of his entire force.
§3.60.6οἵ γε μὴν σωθέντες καὶ ταῖς ἐπιφανείαις καὶ τῇ λοιπῇ διαθέσει διὰ τὴν συνέχειαν τῶν προειρημένων πόνων οἷον ἀποτεθηριωμένοι πάντες ἦσαν.
Those indeed who survived were all like wild beasts, both in appearance and in their general condition, because of the continuity of the aforementioned labors.
§3.60.7πολλὴν οὖν ποιούμενος πρόνοιαν Ἀννίβας τῆς ἐπιμελείας αὐτῶν ἀνεκτᾶτο καὶ τὰς ψυχὰς ἅμα καὶ τὰ σώματα τῶν ἀνδρῶν, ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ τῶν ἵππων.
Hannibal therefore, showing great foresight in his care for them, recruited both the spirits and the bodies of his men, and likewise those of the horses.
§3.60.8μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα, προσανειληφυίας ἤδη τῆς δυνάμεως, τῶν Ταυρίνων, οἳ τυγχάνουσι πρὸς τῇ παρωρείᾳ κατοικοῦντες, στασιαζόντων μὲν πρὸς τοὺς Ἴνσομβρας ἀπιστούντων δὲ τοῖς Καρχηδονίοις, §3.60.9τὸ μὲν πρῶτον αὐτοὺς εἰς φιλίαν προυκαλεῖτο καὶ συμμαχίαν· οὐχ ὑπακουόντων δὲ περιστρατοπεδεύσας τὴν βαρυτάτην πόλιν ἐν τρισὶν ἡμέραις ἐξεπολιόρκησεν.
After this, when his force had already recovered, since the Taurini, who happen to dwell at the foot of the mountains, were at feud with the Insubres and distrustful of the Carthaginians, he at first invited them to friendship and alliance; but when they did not comply, he invested their strongest city and took it by storm in three days.
§3.60.10κατασφάξας δὲ τοὺς ἐναντιωθέντας αὐτῷ τοιοῦτον ἐνειργάσατο φόβον τοῖς σύνεγγυς κατοικοῦσιν τῶν βαρβάρων ὥστε πάντας ἐκ χειρὸς παραγίνεσθαι, διδόντας αὑτοὺς εἰς τὴν πίστιν.
And by putting to the sword those who had opposed him, he inspired such terror in the neighboring barbarians that they all came in at once, giving themselves up to his protection.
§3.60.11τὸ δὲ λοιπὸν πλῆθος τῶν τὰ πεδία κατοικούντων Κελτῶν ἐσπούδαζε μὲν κοινωνεῖν τοῖς Καρχηδονίοις τῶν πραγμάτων κατὰ τὴν ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἐπιβολήν· §3.60.12παρηλλαχότων δὲ τῶν Ῥωμαϊκῶν στρατοπέδων ἤδη τοὺς πλείστους αὐτῶν καὶ διακεκλεικότων, ἡσυχίαν ἦγον· τινὲς δὲ καὶ συστρατεύειν ἠναγκάζοντο τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις.
The rest of the Celts who inhabited the plains were indeed eager to join the Carthaginians in their enterprise, according to their original design; but as the Roman legions had already passed beyond most of them and cut them off, they remained quiet; and some were even forced to serve with the Romans.
§3.60.13εἰς ἃ βλέπων Ἀννίβας ἔκρινε μὴ μέλλειν ἀλλὰ προάγειν εἰς τοὔμπροσθεν καὶ πράττειν τι πρὸς τὸ θαρρῆσαι τοὺς βουλομένους μετέχειν σφίσι τῶν αὐτῶν ἐλπίδων.
Looking to these circumstances, Hannibal decided not to delay but to advance forward and perform some action to encourage those who wished to share the same hopes with them.