§3.47.1περαιωθέντων δὲ τῶν θηρίων, ἀναλαβὼν Ἀννίβας τοὺς ἐλέφαντας καὶ τοὺς ἱππεῖς προῆγε τούτοις ἀπουραγῶν παρὰ τὸν ποταμὸν ἀπὸ θαλάττης ὡς ἐπὶ τὴν ἕω, ποιούμενος τὴν πορείαν ὡς εἰς τὴν μεσόγαιον τῆς Εὐρώπης.
When the beasts had been ferried across, Hannibal, having collected the elephants and the cavalry, marched forward with them as his rear-guard along the river, away from the sea toward the east, making his way as if into the interior of Europe.
§3.47.2ὁ δὲ Ῥοδανὸς ἔχει τὰς μὲν πηγὰς ὑπὲρ τὸν Ἀδριατικὸν μυχὸν πρὸς τὴν ἑσπέραν νευούσας, ἐν τοῖς ἀποκλίνουσι μέρεσι τῶν Ἄλπεων ὡς πρὸς τὰς ἄρκτους, ῥεῖ δὲ πρὸς [τὰς] δύσεις χειμερινάς, ἐκβάλλει δʼ εἰς τὸ Σαρδῷον πέλαγος.
The Rhone has its sources above the head of the Adriatic, sloping toward the west in those parts of the Alps which incline toward the north; and it flows toward the winter sunset, and discharges itself into the Sardinian Sea.
§3.47.3φέρεται δʼ ἐπὶ πολὺ διʼ αὐλῶνος, οὗ πρὸς μὲν τὰς ἄρκτους Ἄρδυες Κελτοὶ κατοικοῦσι, τὴν δʼ ἀπὸ μεσημβρίας αὐτοῦ πλευρὰν ὁρίζουσι πᾶσαν αἱ πρὸς ἄρκτον κεκλιμέναι τῶν Ἄλπεων παρώρειαι.
It flows for a long distance through a valley, on the north of which live the Ardues Celts, while its entire southern side is bounded by the northern slopes of the Alps.
τὰ δὲ πεδία τὰ περὶ τὸν Πάδον, §3.47.4ὑπὲρ ὧν ἡμῖν εἴρηται διὰ πλειόνων, ἀπὸ τοῦ κατὰ τὸν Ῥοδανὸν αὐλῶνος διαζευγνύουσιν αἱ τῶν προειρημένων ὀρῶν ἀκρώρειαι, λαμβάνουσαι τὴν ἀρχὴν ἀπὸ Μασσαλίας ἕως ἐπὶ τὸν τοῦ παντὸς Ἀδρίου μυχόν·
The plains around the Po, of which we have spoken at greater length, are separated from the valley along the Rhone by the ridges of the aforementioned mountains, which take their beginning from Massalia and extend to the head of the entire Adriatic.
§3.47.5ἃς τόθʼ ὑπεράρας Ἀννίβας ἀπὸ τῶν κατὰ τὸν Ῥοδανὸν τόπων ἐνέβαλεν εἰς Ἰταλίαν.
It was these ridges that Hannibal, starting from the regions along the Rhone, crossed at that time to invade Italy.
§3.47.6ἔνιοι δὲ τῶν γεγραφότων περὶ τῆς ὑπερβολῆς ταύτης, βουλόμενοι τοὺς ἀναγινώσκοντας ἐκπλήττειν τῇ περὶ τῶν προειρημένων τόπων παραδοξολογίᾳ, λανθάνουσιν ἐμπίπτοντες εἰς δύο τὰ πάσης ἱστορίας ἀλλοτριώτατα· καὶ γὰρ ψευδολογεῖν καὶ μαχόμενα γράφειν αὑτοῖς ἀναγκάζονται.
Now some of those who have written about this crossing, wishing to strike readers with astonishment by their marvelous accounts of the aforementioned places, unconsciously fall into two errors most alien to all history; for they are forced both to tell falsehoods and to write things that contradict themselves.
§3.47.7ἅμα μὲν γὰρ τὸν Ἀννίβαν ἀμίμητόν τινα παρεισάγοντες στρατηγὸν καὶ τόλμῃ καὶ προνοίᾳ τοῦτον ὁμολογουμένως ἀποδεικνύουσιν ἡμῖν ἀλογιστότατον, §3.47.8ἅμα δὲ καταστροφὴν οὐ δυνάμενοι λαμβάνειν οὐδʼ ἔξοδον τοῦ ψεύδους θεοὺς καὶ θεῶν παῖδας εἰς πραγματικὴν ἱστορίαν παρεισάγουσιν.
For while, on the one hand, they introduce Hannibal as a general incomparable both in daring and foresight, they actually show him to us, by common consent, as most thoughtless; and, on the other hand, being unable to find any denouement or exit for their falsehood, they introduce gods and children of gods into real history.
§3.47.9ὑποθέμενοι γὰρ τὰς ἐρυμνότητας καὶ τραχύτητας τῶν Ἀλπεινῶν ὀρῶν τοιαύτας ὥστε μὴ οἷον ἵππους καὶ στρατόπεδα, σὺν δὲ τούτοις ἐλέφαντας, ἀλλὰ μηδὲ πεζοὺς εὐζώνους εὐχερῶς ἂν διελθεῖν, ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ τὴν ἔρημον τοιαύτην τινὰ περὶ τοὺς τόπους ὑπογράψαντες ἡμῖν ὥστʼ, εἰ μὴ θεὸς ἤ τις ἥρως ἀπαντήσας τοῖς περὶ τὸν Ἀννίβαν ὑπέδειξε τὰς ὁδούς, ἐξαπορήσαντας ἂν καταφθαρῆναι πάντας, ὁμολογουμένως ἐκ τούτων εἰς ἑκάτερον τῶν προειρημένων
For having assumed the steepness and ruggedness of the Alpine mountains to be such that not only horses and armies, and with them elephants, but not even active foot-soldiers could easily pass through, and having likewise depicted the desolation of the regions for us in such a way that, if some god or hero had not met Hannibal's men and pointed out the ways, they would have been utterly at a loss and perished, they thus, by common consent, fall into each of the aforementioned...