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Polybius · The Histories §27.4.1-27.4.10

Perseus's Embassy to Rhodes and Its Rejection

Passage 1076 of 1311 · Greek

Summary

Perseus sends letters and ambassadors to the Greeks and Rhodes, urging them to remain quiet and attempt mediation if the Romans violate the treaties. Although the Rhodians welcome the ambassadors kindly, they refuse to act against the Roman will due to their pre-existing goodwill.

§27.4.1ὅτι Περσεὺς μετὰ τὸν σύλλογον τὸν πρὸς τοὺς Ῥωμαίους, τῶν Ἑλλήνων, πάντα τὰ δίκαια κατέταττεν εἰς τὴν ἐπιστολὴν καὶ τοὺς ὑφʼ ἑκατέρων ῥηθέντας λόγους, §27.4.2ἅμα μὲν ὑπολαμβάνων ὑπερδέξιος φανήσεσθαι τοῖς δικαίοις, ἅμα δὲ βουλόμενος ἀπόπειραν λαμβάνειν τῆς ἑκάστων προαιρέσεως.
That Perseus, after his conference with the Romans, set down in his letter to the Greeks all his pleas and the speeches delivered by both sides, expecting on the one hand that he would appear to have the advantage in point of justice, and on the other hand wishing to make trial of the disposition of each of them.
§27.4.3πρὸς μὲν οὖν τοὺς ἄλλους διʼ αὐτῶν τῶν γραμματοφόρων ἔπεμπε τὰς ἐπιστολάς, εἰς δὲ τὴν Ῥόδον καὶ πρεσβευτὰς συναπέστειλεν Ἀντήνορα καὶ Φίλιππον.
Now to the others he sent the letters by the hands of the letter-carriers themselves, but to Rhodes he also sent Antenor and Philip as ambassadors together with them.
§27.4.4οἳ καὶ παραγενηθέντες τὰ γεγραμμένα τοῖς ἄρχουσιν ἀπέδωκαν· καὶ μετά τινας ἡμέρας ἐπελθόντες ἐπὶ τὴν βουλὴν παρεκάλουν τοὺς Ῥοδίους κατὰ μὲν τὸ παρὸν ἡσυχίαν ἔχειν, ἀποθεωροῦντας τὸ γινόμενον· §27.4.5ἐὰν δὲ Ῥωμαῖοι παρὰ τὰς συνθήκας ἐγχειρῶσι τὰς χεῖρας ἐπιβάλλειν τῷ Περσεῖ καὶ Μακεδόσιν, πειρᾶσθαι διαλύειν.
And they, having arrived, delivered the written dispatch to the magistrates; and a few days later, having come before the council, they exhorted the Rhodians for the present to remain quiet, watching what was taking place; and, if the Romans should attempt to lay hands on Perseus and the Macedonians contrary to the treaties, to endeavor to mediate.
§27.4.6τοῦτο γὰρ πᾶσι μὲν συμφέρειν, πρέπειν δὲ μάλιστα Ῥοδίοις.
For this, they said, was advantageous to all, and especially becoming to the Rhodians.
§27.4.7ὅσῳ γὰρ πλεῖον ὀρέγονται τῆς ἰσηγορίας καὶ παρρησίας καὶ διατελοῦσι προστατοῦντες οὐ μόνον τῆς αὑτῶν ἀλλὰ καὶ τῆς τῶν ἄλλων Ἑλλήμων ἐλευθερίας, τοσούτῳ καὶ τὴν ἐναντίαν προαίρεσιν μάλιστα δεῖν αὐτοὺς προορᾶσθαι καὶ φυλάττεσθαι κατὰ δύναμιν.
For the more they aspired to equal rights and freedom of speech, and continued to champion not only their own liberty but also that of the other Greeks, the more they must foresee the opposite purpose and guard against it to the best of their power.
§27.4.8ταῦτα καὶ τούτοις παραπλήσια διαλεχθέντων τῶν πρέσβεων, ἤρεσκε μὲν ἅπασι τὰ λεγόμενα· §27.4.9προκατεχόμενοι δὲ τῇ πρὸς Ῥωμαίους εὐνοίᾳ, καὶ νικῶντος αὐτοῖς τοῦ βελτίονος, τἄλλα μὲν ἀπεδέξαντο φιλανθρώπως τοὺς πρεσβευτάς, ἠξίουν δὲ τὸν Περσέα διὰ τῆς ἀποκρίσεως εἰς μηδὲν αὑτοὺς παρακαλεῖν τοιοῦτον ἐξ οὗ φανήσονται πρὸς τὴν Ῥωμαίων ἀντιπράττοντες βούλησιν.
When the ambassadors had spoken these and similar words, the speeches pleased everyone; but, being preoccupied with goodwill towards the Romans, and the better counsel prevailing among them, they welcomed the ambassadors in other respects with kindness, but requested Perseus in their reply not to exhort them to any such action as would make them appear to be acting against the will of the Romans.
§27.4.10οἱ δὲ περὶ τὸν Ἀντήνορα τὴν μὲν ἀπόκρισιν οὐκ ἔλαβον, τὴν δὲ λοιπὴν φιλανθρωπίαν ἀποδεξάμενοι τὴν Ῥοδίων ἀπέπλευσαν εἰς τὴν Μακεδονίαν. —
And Antenor and his colleague, though they did not obtain the desired reply, accepted the rest of the hospitality of the Rhodians and sailed away to Macedonia.

Notes

  1. 27.4.1τῶν Ἑλλήμων — This genitive is an objective genitive modifying the subsequent noun ἐπιστολήν (letter), meaning 'a letter addressed to the Greeks.' Although its position immediately after the subject Περσεὺς obscures the syntactic relationship, it is clarified by the context of sending letters to other Greek states.
  2. 27.4.5πειρᾶσθαι — This infinitive is in apposition to ἔχειν in §27.4.4, both governed by παρεκάλουν (exhorted), and serves as the apodosis to the conditional clause ἐὰν δὲ ... ἐγχειρῶσι. It expresses the content of the exhortation.
  3. 27.4.7δεῖν — An infinitive in indirect discourse reporting the assertions of the ambassadors. It is governed by παρεκάλουν (they exhorted) in §27.4.4 or an implied verb of saying, with αὐτούς (the Rhodians) acting as its subject.
  4. 27.4.9νικῶντος αὐτοῖς τοῦ βελτίονος — A genitive absolute construction. The pronoun αὐτοῖς is a dative of reference ('for them' or 'among them'). τοῦ βελτίονος is a substantivated neuter singular, meaning 'the better course' or 'the wiser counsel' prevailing.

Cite this passage

Polybius, The Histories §27.4.1-27.4.10. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0543.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:27.4.1-27.4.10

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