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Polybius · The Histories §23.4.1-23.4.16

Spartan Factions before the Senate and the Settlement

Passage 1035 of 1311 · Greek

Summary

Different Spartan factions present their conflicting claims regarding their future constitution and properties before the Roman Senate. The Senate appoints a commission of three, and after negotiations, a written agreement is sealed, into which the Achaean ambassadors are also reluctantly drawn.

§23.4.1μέρος ἐν τοῖς ἑξῆς δηλώσομεν.
Part of this we shall make clear in what follows.
ἐπὶ δὲ τούτοις εἰσεκλήθησαν οἱ παρὰ τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων πρέσβεις.
After these, the ambassadors from the Lacedaemonians were summoned in.
τούτων δʼ ἦσαν διαφοραὶ τέτταρες.
Among these, there were four different parties.
§23.4.2οἱ μὲν γὰρ περὶ Λῦσιν ἥκοντες ὑπὲρ τῶν ἀρχαίων φυγάδων ἐπρέσβευον, φάσκοντες δεῖν ἔχειν αὐτοὺς πάσας τὰς κτήσεις, ἀφʼ ὧν ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἔφυγον· §23.4.3οἱ δὲ περὶ τὸν Ἀρέα καὶ τὸν Ἀλκιβιάδην, ἐφʼ ᾧ ταλαντιαίαν λαβόντες κτῆσιν ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων τὰ λοιπὰ διαδοῦναι τοῖς ἀξίοις τῆς πολιτείας.
For the party of Lysis had come as ambassadors on behalf of the ancient exiles, claiming that they ought to have all the properties from which they had originally fled; while the party of Areas and Alcibiades came on the condition that, after receiving a property worth one talent from their private possessions, they should distribute the remainder to those worthy of citizenship.
§23.4.4Σήριππος δʼ ἐπρέσβευε περὶ τοῦ μένειν τὴν ὑποκειμένην κατάστασιν, ἣν ἔχοντές ποτε συνεπολιτεύοντο μετὰ τῶν Ἀχαιῶν.
Serippus, on the other hand, was on an embassy concerning the preservation of the existing constitution, which they had formerly held when they shared in the government with the Achaeans.
§23.4.5ἀπὸ δὲ τῶν τεθανατωμένων καὶ τῶν ἐκπεπτωκότων κατὰ τὰ τῶν Ἀχαιῶν δόγματα παρῆσαν οἱ περὶ Χαίρωνα, κάθοδον αὑτοῖς ἀξιοῦντες συγχωρηθῆναι καὶ τὴν πολιτείαν ἀποκατασταθῆναι τοιαύτην,
And from those who had been put to death and those who had been expelled according to the decrees of the Achaeans, the party of Chaeron was present, demanding that return be granted to them and that the constitution be restored to its former state.
§23.4.6ἐποιοῦντο πρὸς τοὺς Ἀχαιοὺς οἰκείους ταῖς ἰδίαις ὑποθέσεσι λόγους.
They made speeches to the Achaeans adapted to their own individual cases.
§23.4.7οὐ δυναμένη δὲ διευκρινεῖν ἡ σύγκλητος τὰς κατὰ μέρος διαφοράς, προεχειρίσατο τρεῖς ἄνδρας τοὺς καὶ πρότερον ἤδη πεπρεσβευκότας περὶ τούτων εἰς τὴν Πελοπόννησον· οὗτοι δʼ ἦσαν Τίτος, Κόιντος Καικίλιος, Ἄππιος Κλαύδιος §23.4.8.
Since the Senate was unable to decide the particular differences, they appointed three men who had already previously gone on an embassy concerning these matters to the Peloponnese; these were Titus, Quintus Caecilius, and Appius Claudius.
ἐφʼ οἷς γενομένων λόγων πλειόνων, ὑπὲρ μὲν τοῦ καταπορεύεσθαι τοὺς πεφευγότας καὶ τεθανατωμένους καὶ περὶ τοῦ μένειν τὴν πόλιν μετὰ τῶν Ἀχαιῶν ἐγένετο πᾶσι σύμφωνον, §23.4.9περὶ δὲ τῶν κτήσεων, πότερον δεῖ τὸ τάλαντον εἰς ἑκάστους τοὺς φυγάδας ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων ἐκλέξασθαι, περὶ τούτων διημφισβήτουν πρὸς ἀλλήλους.
After many discussions took place before them, on the one hand, regarding the return of the exiles and those who had been put to death, and regarding the city remaining with the Achaeans, a general agreement was reached by all; but on the other hand, concerning the properties, whether each of the exiles ought to recover the value of one talent from their private possessions, on this they disputed with one another.
§23.4.10ἵνα δὲ μὴ πάλιν ἐξ ἀκεραίου περὶ πάντων ἀντιλέγοιεν, ἔγγραπτον ὑπὲρ τῶν ὁμολογουμένων, ἐφʼ ὃ πάντες ἐπεβάλοντο τὰς ἰδίας σφραγῖδας.
In order that they might not again dispute about everything from the beginning, they drew up a written agreement concerning the matters agreed upon, to which all affixed their own seals.
§23.4.11οἱ δὲ περὶ τὸν Τίτον βουλόμενοι καὶ τοὺς Ἀχαιοὺς εἰς τὴν ὁμολογίαν ἐμπλέξαι, προσεκαλέσαντο τοὺς περὶ Ξέναρχον.
Titus and his colleagues, wishing to involve the Achaeans also in the agreement, summoned the party of Xenarchus.
§23.4.12οὗτοι γὰρ ἐπρέσβευον τότε παρὰ τῶν Ἀχαιῶν, ἅμα μὲν ἀνανεούμενοι τὴν συμμαχίαν, ἅμα δὲ τῇ τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων διαφορᾷ προσεδρεύοντες.
For these were then on an embassy from the Achaeans, at once renewing the alliance and attending to the dispute of the Lacedaemonians.
§23.4.13καὶ παρὰ τὴν προσδοκίαν ἐρωτώμενοι περὶ τῶν γραφομένων, εἰ συνευδοκοῦσιν, οὐκ οἶδʼ ὅπως εἰς ἀπορίαν ἐνέπεσον.
And when, contrary to expectation, they were asked concerning the written terms whether they concurred, they fell, I know not how, into embarrassment.
§23.4.14δυσηρεστοῦντο μὲν γὰρ τῇ καθόδῳ τῶν φυγάδων καὶ τῶν τεθανατωμένων διὰ τὸ γίνεσθαι παρὰ τὰ τῶν Ἀχαιῶν δόγματα καὶ παρὰ τὴν στήλην, εὐδοκοῦντο δὲ τοῖς ὅλοις τῷ γράφεσθαι διότι δεῖ τὴν πόλιν τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων πολιτεύειν μετὰ τῶν Ἀχαιῶν.
For they were displeased with the return of the exiles and of those who had been put to death, because it was taking place contrary to the decrees of the Achaeans and contrary to the stele, but they were pleased on the whole with what was written because the city of the Lacedaemonians was to share in the government with the Achaeans.
§23.4.15καὶ πέρας τὰ μὲν ἀπορούμενοι, τὰ δὲ καταπληττόμενοι τοὺς ἄνδρας, ἐπεβάλοντο τὴν σφραγῖδα.
And finally, being on the one hand in difficulty and on the other hand intimidated by the men, they affixed their seal.
§23.4.16ἡ δὲ σύγκλητος προχειρισαμένη Κόιντον Μάρκιον πρεσβευτὴν ἐξαπέστελλεν ἐπί τε τὰ κατὰ Μακεδονίαν καὶ τὰ κατὰ Πελοπόννησον. —
The Senate appointed Quintus Marcius as ambassador and dispatched him to the affairs in Macedonia and those in the Peloponnese. —

Notes

  1. §23.4.3ἐφʼ ᾧ ταλαντιαίαν λαβόντες κτῆσιν ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων τὰ λοιπὰ διαδοῦναι — ἐφ' ᾧ introduces a condition ('on the condition that'). The main verb is omitted in this clause, but the verb ἐπρέσβευον from the preceding section is understood. The infinitive διαδοῦναι is dependent on ἐφ' ᾧ.
  2. §23.4.10ἔγγραπτον ὑπὲρ τῶν ὁμολογουμένων — ἔγγραπτον (written) is an adjective in the neuter accusative singular used substantively, meaning 'a written agreement'. A transitive verb such as ἐποιήσαντο is omitted but clearly implied ('they made/drew up a written agreement').
  3. §23.4.14τῷ γράφεσθαι διότι δεῖ — The articular infinitive in the dative case without a preposition, τῷ γράφεσθαι, expresses cause ('by the fact of its being written'). The διότι clause functions as a noun clause introducing the content of γράφεσθαι.

Cite this passage

Polybius, The Histories §23.4.1-23.4.16. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0543.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:23.4.1-23.4.16

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