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Polybius · The Histories §21.39.1-21.39.14

Tectosages' Treachery and Gnaeus's Negotiations

Passage 1001 of 1311 · Greek

Summary

Negotiations for peace are held between the Roman general Gnaeus and the Galatian Tectosages, but the Galatians intend to delay and trap the general. However, the Romans' coincidental dispatch of escort cavalry naturally prepares them for the impending danger.

§21.39.1ὅτι τῶν Ῥωμαίων μετὰ τὴν τῶν Γαλατῶν νίκην αὐτῶν πραχθεῖσαν στρατοπεδευόντων περὶ τὴν Ἄγκυραν πόλιν, καὶ τοῦ Γναΐου τοῦ στρατηγοῦ προάγειν εἰς τοὔμπροσθεν μέλλοντος, §21.39.2παραγίνονται πρέσβεις παρὰ τῶν Τεκτοσάγων, ἀξιοῦντες τὸν Γνάιον τὰς μὲν δυνάμεις ἐᾶσαι κατὰ χώραν, αὐτὸν δὲ κατὰ τὴν ἐπιοῦσαν ἡμέραν προελθεῖν εἰς τὸν μεταξὺ τόπον τῶν στρατοπέδων· ἥξειν δὲ καὶ τοὺς παρʼ αὑτῶν βασιλεῖς κοινολογησομένους ὑπὲρ τῶν διαλύσεων.
When the Romans, after their victory over the Galatians, were encamped around the city of Ancyra, and Gnaeus the general was about to advance forward, ambassadors arrived from the Tectosages, requesting Gnaeus to let his forces remain in their place, and himself to come forward on the following day to the space between the camps; and they said that their kings would also come to confer about the terms of settlement.
§21.39.3τοῦ δὲ Γναΐου συγκαταθεμένου καὶ παραγενηθέντος κατὰ τὸ συνταχθὲν μετὰ πεντακοσίων ἱππέων, τότε μὲν οὐκ ἦλθον οἱ βασιλεῖς·
Although Gnaeus agreed and arrived according to the agreement with five hundred horsemen, the kings did not come at that time.
§21.39.4ἀνακεχωρηκότος δʼ αὐτοῦ πρὸς τὴν ἰδίαν παρεμβολήν, αὖθις ἧκον οἱ πρέσβεις ὑπὲρ μὲν τῶν βασιλέων σκήψεις τινὰς λέγοντες, ἀξιοῦντες δὲ πάλιν ἐλθεῖν αὐτόν, ἐπειδὴ τοὺς πρώτους ἄνδρας ἐκπέμψουσιν κοινολογησομένους ὑπὲρ τῶν ὅλων.
When he had returned to his own camp, the ambassadors came again, offering some excuses on behalf of the kings, and requesting him to come back again, since they would send their leading men to confer about the whole matter.
§21.39.5ὁ δὲ Γνάιος κατανεύσας ἥξειν αὐτὸς μὲν ἔμεινεν ἐπὶ τῆς ἰδίας στρατοπεδείας, Ἄτταλον δὲ καὶ τῶν χιλιάρχων τινὰς ἐξαπέστειλεν μετὰ τριακοσίων ἱππέων.
Gnaeus, having consented to come, remained himself in his own camp, but sent Attalus and some of the military tribunes with three hundred horsemen.
§21.39.6οἱ δὲ τῶν Γαλατῶν πρέσβεις ἦλθον μὲν κατὰ τὸ συνταχθὲν καὶ λόγους ἐποιήσαντο περὶ τῶν πραγμάτων, τέλος δʼ ἐπιθεῖναι τοῖς προειρημένοις ἢ κυρῶσαί τι τῶν δοξάντων οὐκ ἔφασαν εἶναι δυνατόν·
The ambassadors of the Galatians came according to the agreement and held a discussion about the affairs, but they said it was not possible for them to put a final seal on what had been said before or to ratify any of the decisions.
§21.39.7τοὺς δὲ βασιλεῖς τῇ κατὰ πόδας ἥξειν διωρίζοντο, συνθησομένους καὶ πέρας ἐπιθήσοντας, εἰ καὶ Γνάιος ὁ στρατηγὸς ἔλθοι πρὸς αὐτούς.
They asserted, however, that the kings would come on the following day to make a treaty and put an end to the matter, if Gnaeus the general would also come to them.
§21.39.8τῶν δὲ περὶ τὸν Ἄτταλον ἐπαγγειλαμένων ἥξειν τὸν Γνάιον, τότε μὲν ἐπὶ τούτοις διελύθησαν.
When Attalus and his party promised that Gnaeus would come, they dispersed for the time being on these terms.
§21.39.9ἐποιοῦντο δὲ τὰς ὑπερθέσεις ταύτας οἱ Γαλάται καὶ διεστρατήγουν τοὺς Ῥωμαίους βουλόμενοι τῶν τε σωμάτων τινὰ τῶν ἀναγκαίων καὶ τῶν χρημάτων ὑπερθέσθαι πέραν Ἅλυος ποταμοῦ, μάλιστα δὲ τὸν στρατηγὸν τῶν Ῥωμαίων, εἰ δυνηθεῖεν, λαβεῖν ὑποχείριον· εἰ δὲ μή γε, πάντως ἀποκτεῖναι.
But the Galatians made these delays and outmaneuvered the Romans because they wished to convey some of their necessary persons and money across the river Halys, and especially to get the Roman general into their hands, if they could; and if not, at all events to kill him.
§21.39.10ταῦτα δὲ προθέμενοι κατὰ τὴν ἐπιοῦσαν ἐκαραδόκουν τὴν παρουσίαν τῶν Ῥωμαίων, ἑτοίμους ἔχοντες ἱππεῖς εἰς χιλίους.
Having proposed this to themselves, they were on the lookout on the following day for the arrival of the Romans, having about a thousand horsemen ready.
§21.39.11ὁ δὲ Γνάιος διακούσας τῶν περὶ τὸν Ἄτταλον καὶ πεισθεὶς ἥξειν τοὺς βασιλεῖς, ἐξῆλθεν, καθάπερ εἰώθει, μετὰ πεντακοσίων ἱππέων.
Gnaeus, having heard everything from Attalus and his party and believing that the kings would come, went out, as was his custom, with five hundred horsemen.
§21.39.12συνέβη δὲ ταῖς πρότερον ἡμέραις τοὺς ἐπὶ τὰς ξυλείας καὶ χορτολογίας ἐκπορευομένους ἐκ τοῦ τῶν Ῥωμαίων χάρακος ἐπὶ ταῦτα τὰ μέρη πεποιῆσθαι τὴν ἔξοδον, ἐφεδρείᾳ χρωμένους τοῖς ἐπὶ τὸν σύλλογον πορευομένοις ἱππεῦσιν.
It had happened on the previous days that those going out from the Roman camp for wood and forage made their exit toward those parts, using as a guard the horsemen who were going to the conference.
§21.39.13οὗ καὶ τότε γενομένου καὶ πολλῶν ἐξεληλυθότων, συνέταξαν οἱ χιλίαρχοι καὶ τοὺς εἰθισμένους ἐφεδρεύειν τοῖς προνομεύουσιν ἱππεῖς ἐπὶ ταῦτα τὰ μέρη ποιήσασθαι τὴν ἔξοδον.
Since this also happened on that occasion and many had gone out, the military tribunes ordered the horsemen who were accustomed to guard the foragers to make their exit toward those parts.
§21.39.14ὧν ἐκπορευθέντων, αὐτομάτως τὸ δέον ἐγενήθη πρὸς τὴν ἐπιφερομένην χρείαν. —
When these had marched out, what was necessary happened spontaneously to meet the impending need. —

Notes

  1. 21.39.1ὅτι — This ὅτι is a typical conjunction found in texts derived from the Excerpta of Polybius' work, introducing the passage without a main clause, serving to introduce the narrative as 'That...'.
  2. 21.39.7τῇ κατὰ πόδας — The feminine noun ἡμέρᾳ ('day') is omitted, making this an elliptical adverbial phrase meaning 'on the following day' or 'immediately.'
  3. 21.39.9τῶν τε σωμάτων τινὰ τῶν ἀναγκαίων — The word σώματα (literally 'bodies') here refers to 'persons' or 'dependents.' Combined with τῶν ἀναγκαίων ('necessary ones, relatives'), it denotes 'family members or relatives' as opposed to property (χρημάτων).
  4. 21.39.12ἐφεδρείᾳ χρωμένους — The dative ἱππεῦσιν is the object of the participle χρωμένους ('using'). ἐφεδρείᾳ is a predicative dative (or dative of purpose/manner, 'as a reserve force/guard'), meaning 'using the horsemen who were going to the conference as a reserve guard.'

Cite this passage

Polybius, The Histories §21.39.1-21.39.14. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0543.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:21.39.1-21.39.14

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