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Polybius · The Histories §21.29.1-21.29.15

Mediation of the Envoys and the Surrender of Ambracia

Passage 989 of 1311 · Greek

Summary

Embassies and kings from Athens, Rhodes, Athamania, and Acarnania assemble at the Roman camp for peace negotiations. Through the active mediation of King Amynander and Gaius Valerius, the Ambraciots agree to surrender their city on the condition of a safe departure.

§21.29.1ὅτι κατὰ τὸν καιρὸν τοῦτον οἱ παρὰ τῶν Ἀθηναίων καὶ τῶν Ῥοδίων πρέσβεις ἧκον ἐπὶ τὸ στρατόπεδον τῶν Ῥωμαίων, συνεπιληψόμενοι τῶν διαλύσεων.
At this time, the envoys from the Athenians and the Rhodians arrived at the Roman camp in order to assist in the negotiations for peace.
§21.29.2ὅ τε βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἀθαμάνων Ἀμύνανδρος παρεγένετο σπουδάζων ἐξελέσθαι τοὺς Ἀμβρακιώτας ἐκ τῶν περιεστώτων κακῶν, δοθείσης αὐτῷ τῆς ἀσφαλείας ὑπὸ τοῦ Μάρκου διὰ τὸν καιρόν· §21.29.3πάνυ γὰρ οἰκείως εἶχε πρὸς τοὺς Ἀμβρακιώτας διὰ τὸ καὶ πλείω χρόνον ἐν τῇ πόλει ταύτῃ διατετριφέναι κατὰ φυγήν.
And Amynander, the king of the Athamanians, also arrived, eager to rescue the Ambraciots from the surrounding evils, safety having been granted to him by Marcus owing to the circumstances; for he was very friendly toward the Ambraciots because he had spent a considerable time in this city during his exile.
§21.29.4ἧκον δὲ καὶ παρὰ τῶν Ἀκαρνάνων μετʼ ὀλίγας ἡμέρας ἄγοντές τινες τοὺς περὶ Δαμοτέλην· ὁ γὰρ Μάρκος πυθόμενος τὴν περιπέτειαν αὐτῶν ἔγραψε τοῖς Θυρρειεῦσιν ἀνακομίζειν τοὺς ἄνδρας ὡς αὑτόν.
And after a few days, some people also arrived from the Acarnanians, bringing Damoteles and his companions; for Marcus, having heard of their misfortune, had written to the Thyrrheans to bring the men back to him.
§21.29.5πάντων δὲ τούτων ἡθροισμένων ἐνηργεῖτο φιλοτίμως τὰ πρὸς τὰς διαλύσεις.
When all these had assembled, the negotiations for peace were actively and zealously carried on.
§21.29.6ὁ μὲν οὖν Ἀμύνανδρος κατὰ τὴν αὑτοῦ πρόθεσιν εἴχετο τῶν Ἀμβρακιωτῶν, παρακαλῶν σῴζειν σφᾶς αὐτούς εἶναι δὲ τοῦτον οὐ μακράν, ἐὰν μὴ βουλεύσωνται βέλτιον περὶ αὑτῶν.
Amynander, therefore, in accordance with his own purpose, kept close to the Ambraciots, urging them to save themselves and saying that this ruin was not far off unless they took better counsel for themselves.
§21.29.7πλεονάκις δὲ προσπελάζοντος αὐτοῦ τῷ τείχει καὶ διαλεγομένου περὶ τούτων, ἔδοξε τοῖς Ἀμβρακιώταις εἰσκαλέσασθαι τὸν Ἀμύνανδρον εἰς τὴν πόλιν.
Since he frequently approached the wall and spoke about these matters, the Ambraciots decided to invite Amynander into the city.
§21.29.8τοῦ δὲ στρατηγοῦ συγχωρήσαντος τῷ βασιλεῖ τὴν εἴσοδον, οὗτος μὲν εἰσελθὼν διελέγετο τοῖς Ἀμβρακιώταις περὶ τῶν ἐνεστώτων, §21.29.9οἱ δὲ παρὰ τῶν Ἀθηναίων καὶ τῶν Ῥοδίων πρέσβεις λαμβάνοντες εἰς τὰς χεῖρας τὸν στρατηγὸν τῶν Ῥωμαίων καὶ ποικίλως ὁμιλοῦντες, πραΰνειν ἐπειρῶντο τὴν ὀργὴν αὐτοῦ.
And when the general permitted the king's entrance, the latter entered and conversed with the Ambraciots about the present situation, while the envoys from the Athenians and the Rhodians, taking the Roman general by the hand and speaking in various ways, tried to appease his anger.
§21.29.10τοῖς δὲ περὶ τὸν Δαμοτέλη καὶ Φαινέαν ὑπέθετό τις ἔχεσθαι καὶ θεραπεύειν τὸν Γάιον Οὐαλέριον· §21.29.11οὗτος δʼ ἦν Μάρκου μὲν υἱὸς τοῦ πρώτου συνθεμένου πρὸς Αἰτωλοὺς τὴν συμμαχίαν, Μάρκου δὲ τοῦ τότε στρατηγοῦντος ἀδελφὸς ἐκ μητρός· ἄλλως δὲ πρᾶξιν ἔχων νεανικὴν ἦν μάλιστα παρὰ τῷ στρατηγῷ πιστευόμενος.
And someone suggested to Damoteles and Phaeneas and their companions to hold onto Gaius Valerius and cultivate his favor; for he was the son of that Marcus who had first concluded the alliance with the Aetolians, and the uterine brother of Marcus who was then general; besides, possessing youthful energy, he was highly trusted by the general.
§21.29.12ὃς παρακληθεὶς ὑπὸ τῶν περὶ τὸν Δαμοτέλη καὶ νομίσας ἴδιον εἶναι τὸ πρᾶγμα καὶ καθήκειν αὑτῷ τὸ προστατῆσαι τῶν Αἰτωλῶν, πᾶσαν εἰσεφέρετο σπουδὴν καὶ φιλοτιμίαν, ἐξελέσθαι σπουδάζων τὸ ἔθνος ἐκ τῶν περιεστώτων κακῶν.
Being entreated by Damoteles and his companions, and thinking that the matter concerned him personally and that it was fitting for him to act as the patron of the Aetolians, he exerted all his zeal and ambition, eager to rescue the nation from the surrounding evils.
§21.29.13ἐνεργῶς δὲ πανταχόθεν προσαγομένης τῆς φιλοτιμίας, ἔλαβε τὸ πρᾶγμα συντέλειαν.
Since zeal was actively applied from all sides, the business was brought to a conclusion.
§21.29.14οἱ μὲν γὰρ Ἀμβρακιῶται πεισθέντες ὑπὸ τοῦ βασιλέως ἐπέτρεψαν τὰ καθʼ αὑτοὺς τῷ στρατηγῷ τῶν Ῥωμαίων καὶ παρέδωκαν τὴν πόλιν ἐφʼ ᾧ τοὺς Αἰτωλοὺς ὑποσπόνδους ἀπελθεῖν· §21.29.15τοῦτο γὰρ ὑφείλοντο πρῶτον, τη
For the Ambraciots, being persuaded by the king, entrusted their affairs to the Roman general and surrendered the city on the condition that the Aetolians should depart under treaty; for they had reserved this first,...

Notes

  1. §21.29.1συνεπιληψόμενοι τῶν διαλύσεων — The future participle συνεπιληψόμενοι expresses purpose ("in order to assist in the negotiations for peace"). The genitive τῶν διαλύσεων depends on the middle verb compounded with λαμβάνομαι, expressing participation.
  2. §21.29.2δοθείσης αὐτῷ τῆς ἀσφαλείας ὑπὸ τοῦ Μάρκου διὰ τὸν καιρόν — A genitive absolute construction expressing cause or attendant circumstance. It indicates that the Roman general Marcus granted safety to Amynander, a former adversary, owing to the particular circumstances of the moment.
  3. §21.29.6εἶναι δὲ τοῦτον οὐ μακράν — An infinitive clause in indirect discourse depending on the verb of urging (παρακαλῶν) or an implied verb of saying. The subject τοῦτον (referring to "ruin" or "destruction" contextually) indicates that their downfall is imminent if they do not make a wiser decision.
  4. §21.29.11ἀδελφὸς ἐκ μητρός — Meaning "uterine brother" (brother by the same mother but different fathers). It indicates that Gaius Valerius and Marcus Fulvius Nobilior, the general of the time, shared the same mother.
  5. §21.29.14ἐφʼ ᾧ τοὺς Αἰτωλοὺς ὑποσπόνδους ἀπελθεῖν — A construction of ἐφʼ ᾧ with an infinitive and its subject accusative, meaning "on the condition that." It expresses that the Ambraciots surrendered their city to the Romans on the condition that the Aetolian allies inside would be allowed to depart safely under treaty.

Cite this passage

Polybius, The Histories §21.29.1-21.29.15. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0543.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:21.29.1-21.29.15

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