Humanitext Reader

Polybius · The Histories §2.71.1-2.71.10

Succession of Hellenistic Kings and Conclusion of Book 2

Passage 159 of 1311 · Greek

Summary

Polybius explains his reasons for the detailed account of the Cleomenic War, notes the synchronized generational transition of rulers in major Hellenistic kingdoms, and concludes the second book of his history.

§2.71.1τίνος δὲ χάριν ἐποιησάμεθα τὴν ἐπὶ πλεῖον ὑπὲρ τοῦ προειρημένου πολέμου μνήμην;
For what reason, then, did we make a more detailed mention of the aforementioned war?
§2.71.2διότι τῶν καιρῶν τούτων συναπτόντων τοῖς ὑφʼ ὑμῶν ἱστορεῖσθαι μέλλουσι χρήσιμον ἐδόκει, μᾶλλον δʼ ἀναγκαῖον εἶναι κατὰ τὴν ἐξ ἀρχῆς πρόθεσιν τὸ ποιῆσαι πᾶσιν ἐναργῆ καὶ γνώριμον τὴν ὑπάρχουσαν περὶ Μακεδόνας καὶ τοὺς Ἕλληνας τότε κατάστασιν.
Because, as these times connect with those events we are about to narrate, it seemed useful, or rather necessary, in accordance with our original plan, to make the existing situation of the Macedonians and Greeks at that time clear and familiar to everyone.
§2.71.3περὶ δὲ τοὺς αὐτοὺς καιροὺς καὶ Πτολεμαίου νόσῳ τὸν βίον μεταλλάξαντος Πτολεμαῖος ὁ κληθεὶς Φιλοπάτωρ διεδέξατο τὴν βασιλείαν.
About the same time, Ptolemy also having died of illness, Ptolemy surnamed Philopator succeeded to the kingdom.
§2.71.4μετήλλαξε δὲ καὶ Σέλευκος ὁ Σελεύκου τοῦ Καλλινίκου καὶ Πώγωνος ἐπικληθέντος· Ἀντίοχος δὲ διεδέξατο τὴν ἐν Συρίᾳ βασιλείαν, ἀδελφὸς ὢν αὐτοῦ.
Seleucus also, the son of Seleucus surnamed Callinicus and Pogon, died; and Antiochus, his brother, succeeded to the kingdom in Syria.
§2.71.5παραπλήσιον γὰρ δή τι συνέβη τούτοις καὶ τοῖς πρώτοις μετὰ τὴν Ἀλεξάνδρου τελευτὴν κατασχοῦσι τὰς ἀρχὰς ταύτας, λέγω δὲ Σελεύκῳ, Πτολεμαίῳ, Λυσιμάχῳ.
For a very similar thing happened to them as to those who first held these sovereignties after the death of Alexander, I mean Seleucus, Ptolemy, and Lysimachus.
§2.71.6ἐκεῖνοί τε γὰρ πάντες περὶ τὴν εἰκοστὴν καὶ τετάρτην πρὸς ταῖς ἑκατὸν ὀλυμπιάδα μετήλλαξαν, καθάπερ ἐπάνω προεῖπον, οὗτοί τε περὶ τὴν ἐνάτην καὶ τριακοστήν.
For all those earlier rulers died about the hundred and twenty-fourth Olympiad, as I mentioned above, and these latter rulers about the hundred and thirty-ninth.
§2.71.7ἡμεῖς δʼ ἐπειδὴ τὴν ἐπίστασιν καὶ προκατασκευὴν τῆς ὅλης ἱστορίας διεληλύθαμεν, διʼ ἧς ὑποδέδεικται πότε καὶ πῶς καὶ διʼ ἃς αἰτίας τῶν κατὰ τὴν Ἰταλίαν κρατήσαντες Ῥωμαῖοι πρῶτον ἐγχειρεῖν ἤρξαντο τοῖς ἔξω πράγμασι καὶ πρῶτον ἐτόλμησαν ἀμφισβητεῖν Καρχηδονίοις τῆς θαλάττης, §2.71.8ἅμα δὲ τούτοις καὶ τὴν περὶ τοὺς Ἕλληνας καὶ Μακεδόνας, ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ περὶ Καρχηδονίους ὑπάρχουσαν τότε κατάστασιν δεδηλώκαμεν, §2.71.9καθῆκον ἂν εἴη παραγεγονότας ἐπὶ τοὺς καιροὺς τούτους κατὰ τὴν ἐξ ἀρχῆς πρόθεσιν, ἐν οἷς ἔμελλον οἱ μὲν Ἕλληνες τὸν συμμαχικόν, Ῥωμαῖοι δὲ τὸν Ἀννιβιακόν, οἱ δὲ κατὰ τὴν Ἀσίαν βασιλεῖς τὸν περὶ Κοίλης Συρίας ἐνίστασθαι πόλεμον, §2.71.10καὶ τὴν βύβλον ταύτην ἀφορίζειν ἀκολούθως τῇ τε τῶν προγεγονότων πραγμάτων περιγραφῇ καὶ τῇ τῶν κεχειρικότων τὰ πρὸ τοῦ δυναστῶν καταστροφῇ.
Since, then, we have completed the introduction and preliminary narrative of our whole history, in which it has been shown when and how and for what reasons the Romans, after mastering Italy, first began to lay their hands on affairs outside and first dared to dispute the sovereignty of the sea with the Carthaginians, and since at the same time we have shown the situation then existing among the Greeks and Macedonians, and likewise among the Carthaginians, it would be proper, now that we have arrived at these very times in accordance with our original plan — in which the Greeks were about to engage in the Social War, the Romans in the Hannibalic War, and the kings in Asia in the war for Coele-Syria — to bring this book also to a close, in conformity with the completion of the narrative of past events and the death of those rulers who had previously directed affairs.

Notes

  1. §2.71.2ὑφʼ ὑμῶν — Although the manuscript reading is ὑφʼ ὑμῶν ('by you'), it is generally regarded as a scribal error for ὑφʼ ἡμῶν ('by us') since the author himself is the narrator of the history. It can also be interpreted as 'events to be read/studied by you.' The translation assumes the sense 'to be narrated by us.'
  2. §2.71.7ἡμεῖς δʼ ἐπειδὴ — The temporal/causal clause introduced by ἐπειδή in section 7 extends through the end of section 8 (δεδηλώκαμεν). The main clause begins in section 9 with the impersonal construction καθῆκον ἂν εἴη ('it would be proper'), which takes the infinitive ἀφορίζειν ('to limit/bring to a close') in section 10. The entire passage from section 7 to 10 forms a single, highly periodic sentence.

Cite this passage

Polybius, The Histories §2.71.1-2.71.10. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0543.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:2.71.1-2.71.10

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