§12.20.1μετὰ δὲ ταῦτά φησι μετωπηδὸν ἄγειν τὴν δύναμιν, ἀπέχοντα τῶν πολεμίων περὶ τετταράκοντα σταδίους.
After this, he says that he led his force in line of battle, when he was about forty stades away from the enemy.
§12.20.2τούτου δὲ μεῖζον ἀλόγημα δυσχερὲς ἐπινοῆσαι· ποῦ γὰρ ἂν εὕροι τις τοιούτους τόπους, ἄλλως τε καὶ κατὰ Κιλικίαν, ὥστʼ ἐπὶ σταδίους εἴκοσι μὲν τὸ πλάτος τετταράκοντα δὲ τὸ μῆκος μετωπηδὸν ἄγειν φάλαγγα σαρισοφόρον;
It is difficult to conceive a greater absurdity than this; for where could one find such ground, especially in Cilicia, as to lead a sarissa-bearing phalanx in line of battle over a space of twenty stades in width and forty in length?
§12.20.3τοσαῦτα γάρ ἐστιν ἐμπόδια πρὸς τὴν τοιαύτην τάξιν καὶ χρείαν, ἅ τις οὐδʼ ἂν ἐξαριθμήσαιτο ῥᾳδίως. ἓν δὲ τῶν ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ Καλλισθένους λεγομένων ἱκανὸν ὑπάρχει πρὸς πίστιν·
For there are so many obstacles to such a formation and its employment, that one could not easily even enumerate them.
§12.20.4τοὺς γὰρ ἀπὸ τῶν ὀρῶν χειμάρρους καταφερομένους τοσαῦτά φησι ποιεῖν ἐκρήγματα κατὰ τὸ πεδίον ὥστε καὶ τῶν Περσῶν κατὰ τὴν φυγὴν διαφθαρῆναι λέγουσι τοὺς πλείστους ἐν τοῖς τοιούτοις κοιλώμασι.
But one of the statements made by Callisthenes himself is sufficient to prove the point: for he says that the torrents rushing down from the mountains make so many clefts in the plain that, as they say, even most of the Persians during their flight perished in such hollows.
§12.20.5νὴ Δίʼ, ἀλλʼ ἕτοιμος ἐβούλετʼ εἶναι πρὸς τὴν τῶν πολεμίων ἐπιφάνειαν. §12.20.6τί δʼ ἀνετοιμότερον φάλαγγος ἐν μετώπῳ διαλελυμένης καὶ διεσταμένης;
"But, by Zeus, he wished to be ready for the appearance of the enemy." Yet what is less ready than a phalanx broken and separated in its front?
πόσῳ γὰρ ἐκ πορευτικῆς ἀγωγῆς ἁρμοζούσης παρατάξαι ῥᾷον ἢ διαλελυμένην ἐν μετώπῳ καὶ διεσπασμένην δύναμιν ἐπὶ τὴν αὐτὴν εὐθεῖαν ἀγαγεῖν καὶ συστῆσαι πρὸς μάχην ἐν τόποις ὑλώδεσι καὶ περικεκλασμένοις;
For how much easier is it to form a battle line from a suitable marching order, than to bring a force that is broken and scattered in its front into the same straight line, and to reform it for battle in wooded and broken ground?
§12.20.7διόπερ οὐδὲ παρὰ μικρὸν ἦν κρεῖττον ἄγειν διφαλαγγίαν ἢ τετραφαλαγγίαν ἁρμόζουσαν, ᾗ καὶ τόπον πορείας εὑρεῖν οὐκ ἀδύνατον, καὶ τὸ παρατάξαι ταχέως ῥᾴδιόν γε, δυνάμενον διὰ τῶν προδρόμων ἐκ πολλοῦ γινώσκειν τὴν τῶν πολεμίων παρουσίαν.
Therefore, it would have been not a little better to advance in a suitable double or quadruple phalanx, by which it was not impossible to find space for marching, and easy to deploy quickly into line of battle, since he was able to learn of the enemy's approach long beforehand through his scouts.
§12.20.8ὁ δὲ χωρὶς τῶν ἄλλων οὐδὲ τοὺς ἱππεῖς προέθετο, μετωπηδὸν ἄγων τὴν δύναμιν ἐν τόποις ἐπιπέδοις, ἀλλʼ ἐξ ἴσου ποιεῖ τοῖς πεζοῖς.
But he, quite apart from other errors, did not even place his cavalry in front, though he was leading his force in line of battle over level ground, but kept them on a level with the infantry.