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Polybius · The Histories §11.29.1-11.29.13

Publius Pardons the Mutineers and Condemns the Leaders

Passage 727 of 1311 · Greek

Summary

Scipio argues that the mutineers have no justifiable grievance against Rome or reasons to trust the enemy, likens the crowd to the sea which reacts to the winds of its leaders, and announces a pardon for the rank and file while demanding punishment for the ringleaders.

§11.29.1οὐδένα.
"None.
καὶ μὴν οὐδὲ τοῖς ὑποκειμένοις ἀσχάλλοντες· πότε γὰρ εὔροια πραγμάτων μείζων;
And indeed, neither are you dissatisfied with your present circumstances; for when was there a greater smooth flow of affairs?
πότε δὲ πλείω προτερήματα γέγονε τῇ Ῥώμῃ;
When did more successes come to Rome?
πότε δὲ τοῖς στρατευομένοις μείζους ἐλπίδες ἢ νῦν;
And when did those on service have greater hopes than now?
§11.29.2ἀλλʼ ἴσως ἐρεῖ τις τῶν ἀπηλπικότων ὅτι πλείω τὰ λυσιτελῆ τὰ παρὰ τοῖς ἐχθροῖς προυφαίνετο καὶ μείζους ἐλπίδες καὶ βεβαιότεραι·
But perhaps some of those who have lost hope will say that more benefits were visible on the side of the enemies, and greater and more secure hopes.
παρὰ τίσι δὴ τούτοις;
With which of these indeed?
§11.29.3ἢ παρʼ Ἀνδοβάλῃ καὶ Μανδονίῳ;
Or with Andobales and Mandonius?
καὶ τίς ὑμῶν οὐκ οἶδε διότι πρότερον μὲν οὗτοι παρασπονδήσαντες Καρχηδονίους πρὸς ἡμᾶς ἀπέστησαν, νῦν δὲ πάλιν ἀθετήσαντες τοὺς ὅρκους καὶ τὴν πίστιν ἐχθροὺς ἡμῖν σφᾶς αὐτοὺς ἀναδεδείχασι;
And who among you does not know that these men, having previously broken their treaty with the Carthaginians, revolted to us, and now again, having set aside their oaths and pledge, have shown themselves to be our enemies?
§11.29.4καλόν γε τούτοις πιστεύσαντας πολεμίους γενέσθαι τῆς ἑαυτῶν πατρίδος.
A fine thing indeed, trusting in these men, to become enemies of your own country!
§11.29.5οὐ μὴν οὐδʼ ἐν αὑτοῖς εἴχετε τὰς ἐλπίδας ὡς κρατήσοντες τῆς Ἰβηρίας· οὐδὲ γὰρ μετʼ Ἀνδοβάλου ταχθέντες ἱκανοὶ πρὸς ἡμᾶς ἦτε διακινδυνεύειν, μή τι καὶ καθʼ ἑαυτοὺς ταττόμενοι.
Yet you did not even have hopes in yourselves that you would master Iberia; for not even when drawn up with Andobales were you sufficient to face danger against us, let alone if drawn up by yourselves.
§11.29.6τί οὖν ἦν ᾧ προσείχετε;
What then was it to which you were looking?
πυθέσθαι γὰρ ἂν βουλοίμην ὑμῶν.
For I should like to learn from you.
εἰ μὴ νὴ Δία ταῖς ἐμπειρίαις τῶν νῦν προχειρισθέντων ἡγεμόνων καὶ ταῖς ἀρεταῖς πιστεύοντες ἢ καὶ ταῖς ῥάβδοις καὶ τοῖς πελέκεσι τοῖς προηγουμένοις αὐτῶν· ὑπὲρ ὧν οὐδὲ λέγειν πλείω καλόν.
Unless, by Zeus, you trusted in the experience and virtues of the leaders now appointed, or even in the rods and axes going before them—concerning whom it is not even fitting to say more.
§11.29.7ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἔστι τούτων, ὦ ἄνδρες, οὐδέν· οὐδʼ ἂν ἔχοιθʼ ὑμεῖς δίκαιον οὐδὲ τοὐλάχιστον εἰπεῖν οὔτε πρὸς ἡμᾶς οὔτε πρὸς τὴν πατρίδα.
But there is nothing of these things, gentlemen; nor would you have even the slightest justification to speak either to us or to your country.
§11.29.8διόπερ ἐγὼ περὶ ὑμῶν πρός τε τὴν Ῥώμην καὶ πρὸς αὑτὸν ἀπολογήσομαι, τὰ παρὰ πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις ὁμολογούμενα δίκαια προθέμενος.
Therefore, I will plead on your behalf both to Rome and to myself, putting forward the principles of justice agreed upon among all men.
§11.29.9ταῦτα δʼ ἐστὶ διότι πᾶς ὄχλος εὐπαραλόγιστος ὑπάρχει καὶ πρὸς πᾶν εὐάγωγος. ὅθεν αἰεὶ τὸ παραπλήσιον πάθος συμβαίνει περί τε τοὺς ὄχλους καὶ τὴν θάλατταν.
And these are that every multitude is easily deceived and easily led in any direction; whence always a very similar state of affairs happens regarding both multitudes and the sea.
§11.29.10καθάπερ γὰρ κἀκείνης ἡ μὲν ἰδία φύσις ἐστὶν ἀβλαβὴς τοῖς χρωμένοις καὶ στάσιμος, ὅταν δʼ εἰς αὐτὴν ἐμπέσῃ τὰ πνεύματα βίᾳ, τοιαύτη φαίνεται τοῖς χρωμένοις οἷοί τινες ἂν ὦσιν οἱ κυκλοῦντες αὐτὴν ἄνεμοι, §11.29.11τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον καὶ τὸ πλῆθος ἀεὶ καὶ φαίνεται καὶ γίνεται πρὸς τοὺς χρωμένους οἵους ἂν ἔχῃ προστάτας καὶ συμβούλους.
For just as the sea's own proper nature is harmless to those who use it and stable, but whenever winds fall upon it with violence, it appears to those who use it to be of such a character as are the winds that stir it; in the same way, the multitude also always both appears and becomes towards those who deal with it of such a character as the leaders and advisors it may have.
§11.29.12διὸ κἀγὼ νῦν καὶ πάντες οἱ προεστῶτες τοῦ στρατοπέδου πρὸς μὲν ὑμᾶς διαλυόμεθα καὶ πίστιν δίδομεν ἐφʼ ᾧ μὴ μνησικακήσειν.
Therefore, both I now and all the officers of the camp make peace with you and give our pledge on the condition of not bearing a grudge.
§11.29.13πρὸς δὲ τοὺς αἰτίους ἀκαταλλάκτως διακείμεθα, κολάζειν αὐτοὺς ἀξίως καὶ τῶν εἰς τὴν πατρίδα καὶ τῶν εἰς ἡμᾶς ἡμαρτημένων. "
But towards those who are guilty we remain irreconcilable, intending to punish them worthily for their offenses both against their country and against us."

Notes

  1. §11.29.1οὐδένα — Accusative masculine singular, standing in response to the preceding sentence οὐδὲν οὔτʼ ἐρεῖν οὔτʼ ἐπινοήσειν ὑμῶν ('you will neither say nor even devise any [excuse/reason]'), with the noun λόγον or αἰτίαν understood.
  2. §11.29.5μή τι — μή τι (similar to μή τι γε) is an idiomatic expression meaning 'let alone' or 'not to mention.' Modifying the participle καθʼ ἑαυτοὺς ταττόμενοι ('being drawn up by yourselves'), it emphasizes the impossibility: since they were insufficient even with Andobales, they would be far less so on their own.
  3. §11.29.10τοῖς χρωμένοις — Dative plural of the present participle of χράομαι ('to use, deal with'). In the context of the sea (ἐκείνης), it refers to 'those who use it (seafarers),' creating a parallel with τοὺς χρωμένους in section 11, which refers to those who deal with the multitude.
  4. §11.29.12ἐφʼ ᾧ μὴ μνησικακήσειν — The preposition ἐπί with the relative pronoun in the dative ᾧ, followed by the future infinitive μνησικακήσειν, forms an idiomatic conditional clause meaning 'on the condition that...' with the negative μή, signifying 'on the condition of not bearing a grudge.'

Cite this passage

Polybius, The Histories §11.29.1-11.29.13. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0543.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:11.29.1-11.29.13

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