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Polybius · The Histories §10.6.1-10.6.12

Scipio's Crossing of the Ebro and Plan for New Carthage

Passage 652 of 1311 · Greek

Summary

Publius Scipio encouraged his soldiers and urged them to cross the Ebro, while hiding his real target, the sudden siege of New Carthage, and led the army across.

§10.6.1οὐ μὴν ἀλλὰ τότε συνηθροισμένων τῶν δυνάμεων παρεκάλει μὴ καταπεπλῆχθαι τὴν προγεγενημένην περιπέτειαν·
Nevertheless, at that time, when the forces had been assembled, he exhorted them not to be terrified by the disaster that had occurred.
§10.6.2οὐ γὰρ ταῖς ἀρεταῖς ἡττῆσθαι Ῥωμαίους ὑπὸ Καρχηδονίων οὐδέποτε, τῇ δὲ προδοσίᾳ τῇ Κελτιβήρων καὶ τῇ προπετείᾳ, διακλεισθέντων τῶν στρατηγῶν ἀπʼ ἀλλήλων διὰ τὸ πιστεῦσαι τῇ συμμαχίᾳ τῶν εἰρημένων.
For he said that the Romans had never been defeated by the Carthaginians through the latter’s superior valor, but through the treachery of the Celtiberians and through rashness, since the generals had been cut off from one another because they trusted the alliance of the aforementioned people. For he said that the Romans had never been defeated by the Carthaginians through the latter’s superior valor, but through the treachery of the Celtiberians and through rashness, since the generals had been cut off from one another because they trusted the alliance of the aforementioned people.
§10.6.3ὧν ἑκάτερα νῦν ἔφη περὶ τοὺς πολεμίους ὑπάρχειν· χωρὶς γὰρ ἀπʼ ἀλλήλων πολὺ διεσπασμένους στρατοπεδεύειν, τοῖς τε συμμάχοις ὑβριστικῶς χρωμένους ἅπαντας ἀπηλλοτριωκέναι καὶ πολεμίους αὑτοῖς παρεσκευακέναι.
Both of these circumstances, he said, now applied to the enemy; for they were encamped far apart from one another, and by treating their allies insultingly, they had alienated them all and made them their enemies. Both of these circumstances, he said, now applied to the enemy; for they were encamped far apart from one another, and by treating their allies insultingly, they had alienated them all and made them their enemies.
§10.6.4διὸ καὶ τοὺς μὲν ἤδη διαπέμπεσθαι πρὸς σφᾶς, τοὺς δὲ λοιπούς, ὡς ἂν τάχιστα θαρρήσωσι καὶ διαβάντας ἴδωσι τὸν ποταμόν, ἀσμένως ἥξειν, οὐχ οὕτως εὐνοοῦντας σφίσι, τὸ δὲ πλεῖον ἀμύνεσθαι σπουδάζοντας τὴν Καρχηδονίων εἰς αὐτοὺς ἀσέλγειαν,
Consequently, some were already sending envoys to them, and the rest, as soon as they should take courage and see them cross the river, would gladly come over, not so much out of goodwill to the Romans, but rather because they were eager to avenge the outrages committed by the Carthaginians against them.
§10.6.5τὸ δὲ μέγιστον, στασιάζοντας πρὸς ἀλλήλους τοὺς τῶν ὑπεναντίων ἡγεμόνας ἅθρους διαμάχεσθαι πρὸς αὐτοὺς οὐ θελήσειν, κατὰ μέρος δὲ κινδυνεύοντας εὐχειρώτους ὑπάρχειν.
And, what was most important, since the leaders of the enemy were at variance with one another, they would not be willing to fight against them in a body, and by risking battle separately, they would be easily defeated. And, what was most important, since the leaders of the enemy were at variance with one another, they would not be willing to fight against them in a body, and by risking battle separately, they would be easily defeated.
§10.6.6διὸ βλέποντας εἰς ταῦτα παρεκάλει περαιοῦσθαι τὸν ποταμὸν εὐθαρσῶς· περὶ δὲ τῶν ἑξῆς ἀνεδέχετο μελήσειν αὑτῷ καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις ἡγεμόσι.
Therefore, looking to these facts, he exhorted them to cross the river with good confidence; as for what followed, he promised that it would be the care of himself and the other officers. Therefore, looking to these facts, he exhorted them to cross the river with good confidence; as for what followed, he promised that it would be the care of himself and the other officers.
§10.6.7ταῦτα δʼ εἰπὼν τρισχιλίους μὲν ἔχοντα πεζοὺς καὶ πεντακοσίους ἱππεῖς Μάρκον ἀπέλειπε τὸν συνάρχοντα περὶ τὴν διάβασιν ἐφεδρεύσοντα τοῖς ἐντὸς τοῦ ποταμοῦ συμμάχοις· αὐτὸς δὲ τὴν ἄλλην ἐπεραίου δύναμιν, ἄδηλον πᾶσι ποιῶν τὴν αὑτοῦ πρόθεσιν.
Having said this, he left his colleague Marcus with three thousand infantry and five hundred cavalry to watch the crossing and support the allies on this side of the river; he himself crossed with the rest of the force, keeping his intention secret from everyone. Having said this, he left his colleague Marcus with three thousand infantry and five hundred cavalry to watch the crossing and support the allies on this side of the river; he himself crossed with the rest of the force, keeping his intention secret from everyone.
§10.6.8ἦν γὰρ αὐτῷ κεκριμένον πράττειν ὧν μὲν εἶπε πρὸς τοὺς πολλοὺς μηδέν, προύκειτο δὲ πολιορκεῖν ἐξ ἐφόδου τὴν ἐν Ἰβηρίᾳ Καρχηδόνα προσαγορευομένην.
For he had resolved to do nothing of what he had spoken to the multitude, but his purpose was to assault and besiege the city called Carthage in Iberia. For he had resolved to do nothing of what he had spoken to the multitude, but his purpose was to assault and besiege the city called Carthage in Iberia.
§10.6.9ὃ δὴ καὶ πρῶτον ἄν τις λάβοι καὶ μέγιστον σημεῖον τῆς ὑφʼ ἡμῶν ἄρτι ῥηθείσης διαλήψεως.
This indeed one might take as the first and greatest proof of the estimation of him which we have just expressed. This indeed one might take as the first and greatest proof of the estimation of him which we have just expressed.
§10.6.10ἔτος γὰρ ἕβδομον ἔχων πρὸς τοῖς εἴκοσι πρῶτον μὲν ἐπὶ πράξεις αὑτὸν ἔδωκε τελέως παρὰ τοῖς πολλοῖς ἀπηλπισμένας διὰ τὸ μέγεθος τῶν προγεγονότων ἐλαττωμάτων, §10.6.11δεύτερον δοὺς αὑτὸν τὰ μὲν κοινὰ καὶ προφαινόμενα πᾶσι παρέλειπε, τὰ δὲ μήτε παρὰ τοῖς πολεμίοις, ταῦτʼ ἐπενόει καὶ προετίθετο πράττειν.
For, though he was in his twenty-seventh year, he first devoted himself to undertakings that were completely despaired of by the majority because of the magnitude of the previous disasters, and secondly, in devoting himself, he passed over the obvious plans that were manifest to all, and planned and proposed to execute what was not even expected by the enemy.
§10.6.12ὧν οὐδὲν ἦν χωρὶς ἐκλογισμῶν τῶν ἀκριβεστάτων.
None of these things was done without the most exact calculation. None of these things was done without the most exact calculation.

Notes

  1. 10.6.2διακλεισθέντων τῶν στρατηγῶν — διακλεισθέντων τῶν στρατηγῶν ἀπʼ ἀλλήλων is a genitive absolute construction expressing the state of isolation and separation of the Roman generals. The clause διὰ τὸ πιστεῦσαι (because of their trusting) provides the cause for this isolation.
  2. 10.6.4ὡς ἂν τάχιστα — ὡς ἂν τάχιστα with the subjunctive verbs θαρρήσωσι and ἴδωσι expresses conditional temporality meaning 'as soon as.' It functions as the temporal/conditional clause modifying the infinitive ἥξειν.
  3. 10.6.8ἦν γὰρ αὐτῷ κεκριμένον — αὐτῷ is a dative of agent (dativus auctoris). Used with the perfect passive participle κεκριμένον in an impersonal construction, it means 'it had been decided by him,' i.e., 'he had firmly resolved.'

Cite this passage

Polybius, The Histories §10.6.1-10.6.12. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0543.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:10.6.1-10.6.12

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