§10.45.1ταῦτα δὲ βραχὺ μέν τι τῆς διὰ τῶν συνθημάτων πυρσείας ἐξήλλαχεν, ἀκμὴν δʼ ἐστὶν ἀόριστα.
But this method represents only a slight change from signaling by preconcerted signs, and is still completely indefinite.
§10.45.2δῆλον γὰρ [ἔσται] ὡς οὔτε προϊδέσθαι τὰ μέλλοντα πάντα δυνατὸν οὔτε προϊδόμενον εἰς τὴν βακτηρίαν γράψαι·
For it is clear that it is neither possible to foresee all future events, nor, even if one did, to write them on the rod.
λοιπὸν ὁπόταν ἐκ τῶν καιρῶν ἀνυπονόητά τινα συμβαίνῃ, φανερὸν ὡς οὐ δύναται δηλοῦσθαι κατὰ ταύτην τὴν ἐπίνοιαν.
Consequently, whenever unexpected events occur from the circumstances, it is obvious that they cannot be signaled according to this system.
§10.45.3καὶ μὴν οὐδʼ αὐτῶν τῶν ἐν τῇ βακτηρίᾳ γεγραμμένων οὐδέν ἐστιν ὡρισμένον.
Moreover, even among the things written on the rod, nothing is definite.
πόσοι γὰρ ἥκουσιν ἱππεῖς ἢ πόσοι πεζοὶ καὶ ποῦ τῆς χώρας καὶ πόσαι νῆες καὶ πόσος σῖτος, οὐχ οἷόν τε διασαφῆσαι· §10.45.4περὶ γὰρ ὧν ἀδύνατον γνῶναι πρὶν ἢ γενέσθαι, περὶ τούτων οὐδὲ συνθέσθαι πρὸ τοῦ δυνατόν.
For how many cavalry have arrived, or how many infantry, and where in the country, or how many ships, or how much corn, it is impossible to make clear; for concerning matters which it is impossible to know before they happen, it is also impossible to make a prior agreement.
§10.45.5τὸ δὲ συνέχον ἐστὶ τοῦτο· πῶς γὰρ ἄν τις βουλεύσαιτο περὶ τοῦ βοηθεῖν μὴ γινώσκων πόσοι πάρεισι τῶν πολεμίων ἢ ποῦ;
And the main point is this: for how could anyone deliberate about bringing help without knowing how many of the enemy are present, or where?
πῶς δὲ θαρρήσαι πάλιν ἢ τοὐναντίον ἢ καθόλου διανοηθείη τι μὴ συνεὶς πόσαι νῆες ἢ πόσος σῖτος ἥκει παρὰ τῶν συμμάχων;
And how, again, could one feel confident, or the opposite, or in general make any plan, without understanding how many ships or how much corn has arrived from the allies?
§10.45.6ὁ δὲ τελευταῖος τρόπος, ἐπινοηθεὶς διὰ Κλεοξένου καὶ Δημοκλείτου, τυχὼν δὲ τῆς ἐξεργασίας διʼ ἡμῶν, πάντη πάντως μέν ἐστιν ὡρισμένος καὶ πᾶν τὸ κατεπεῖγον δυνάμενος ἀκριβῶς διασαφεῖν, κατὰ δὲ τὸν χειρισμὸν ἐπιμελείας δεῖ καὶ παρατηρήσεως ἀκριβεστέρας.
But the last method, invented by Cleoxenus and Democlitus, and brought to perfection by us, is in every way completely definite and capable of signaling precisely every urgent matter, though in its operation it requires care and rather strict observation.
§10.45.7ἔστι δὲ τοιοῦτος.
It is as follows.
τὸ τῶν στοιχείων πλῆθος ἑξῆς δεῖ λαμβάνοντας διελεῖν εἰς πέντε μέρη κατὰ πέντε γράμματα.
One must take the whole number of the letters of the alphabet in order and divide them into five parts of five letters each.
λείψει δὲ τὸ τελευταῖον ἑνὶ στοιχείῳ· τοῦτο δʼ οὐ βλάπτει πρὸς τὴν χρείαν.
The last part will be short by one letter, but this does not harm its practical use.
§10.45.8μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα πλατεῖα παρεσκευάσθαι πέντε τοὺς μέλλοντας ἀποδιδόναι τὴν πυρσείαν ἀλλήλοις ἑκατέρους καὶ γράψαι τῶν μερῶν ἑξῆς εἰς ἕκαστον πλατεῖον,
After this, both parties who are to signal to each other must prepare five tablets, and write the letters of the parts in order on each tablet.
§10.45.9κἄπειτα συνθέσθαι πρὸς αὑτοὺς διότι τοὺς μὲν πρώτους ἀρεῖ πυρσοὺς ὁ μέλλων σημαίνειν ἅμα καὶ δύο καὶ μενεῖ μέχρις ἂν ὁ ἕτερος ἀνταίρῃ.
Then they must agree with one another that the sender will first raise two torches at once, and keep them up until the other party raises theirs in response.
§10.45.10τοῦτο δʼ ἔσται χάριν τοῦ διὰ ταύτης τῆς πυρσείας ἑαυτοῖς ἀνθομολογήσασθαι διότι προσέχουσι.
This will be for the purpose of signaling to each other that they are paying attention.
§10.45.11καθαιρεθέντων δὲ τούτων λοιπὸν ὁ σημαίνων ἀρεῖ μὲν τοὺς πρώτους ἐκ τῶν εὐωνύμων, διασαφῶν τὸ πλατεῖον ποῖον δεήσει σκοπεῖν, οἷον ἐὰν μὲν τὸ πρῶτον, ἕνʼ, ἂν δὲ τὸ δεύτερον, δύο, καὶ κατὰ λόγον οὕτω· §10.45.12τοὺς δὲ δευτέρους ἐκ τῶν δεξιῶν κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν λόγον, ποῖον δεήσει γράμμα τῶν ἐκ τοῦ πλατείου γράφειν αὖ τὸν ἀποδεχόμενον τὴν πυρσείαν.
When these are lowered, the sender will then raise the first torches on the left, indicating which tablet must be consulted: for instance, one if it is the first, two if the second, and so on in proportion; and the second torches on the right in the same proportion, indicating which letter of those on the tablet the receiver in turn must write down.