§10.17.1λιστα τοὺς ἄλλους εἴωθε βλάπτειν.
This indeed is what is most accustomed to harm others.
ἐπειδὴ γὰρ οἱ πλεῖστοι τῶν ἀνθρώπων κακοπαθοῦσι καὶ κινδυνεύουσι τοῦ κέρδους ἕνεκεν, φανερὸν ὡς, ὅταν ὁ καιρὸς οὗτος ὑποπέσῃ, δυσχερῶς εἰκὸς ἀπέχεσθαι τοὺς ἐν ταῖς ἐφεδρείαις ἢ στρατοπεδείαις ἀπολειπομένους διὰ τὸ [τοὺς] παρὰ τοῖς πλείστοις πᾶν τὸ ληφθὲν εἶναι τοῦ κυριεύσαντος·
For since the majority of men undergo hardships and risk danger for the sake of gain, it is clear that, whenever such an opportunity arises, it is natural for those left behind in the supporting ranks or in the camps to restrain themselves with difficulty, because among most nations everything that is taken belongs to the captor.
§10.17.2καὶ γὰρ ἂν ὅλως μόναρχος ἢ στρατηγὸς ἐπιμελὴς ἀναφέρειν εἰς τὸ κοινὸν ἐπιτάξῃ τὰς ὠφελείας, ὅμως τὰ δυνατὰ κρύπτεσθαι πάντες ἴδια νομίζουσι.
Indeed, even if a monarch or a careful general should order the booty to be brought into the common stock, nevertheless everyone considers what can be hidden to be his own.
§10.17.3διὸ τῶν πολλῶν ὁρμώντων ἐπὶ τοῦτο τὸ μέρος οὐ δυνάμενοι κρατεῖν κινδυνεύουσι τοῖς ὅλοις· §10.17.4καὶ πολλοὶ δή τινες κατορθώσαντες τὰς ἐπιβολάς, καὶ ποτὲ μὲν ἐπιπεσόντες ταῖς τῶν πολεμίων παρεμβολαῖς, ποτὲ δὲ καταλαβόμενοι πόλεις, οὐ μόνον ἐξέπεσον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῖς ὅλοις ἐσφάλησαν παρʼ οὐδὲν ἢ τὴν προειρημένην αἰτίαν.
Consequently, when the majority rush towards this part, the commanders, being unable to control them, are in danger of complete ruin; and indeed, many who had successfully carried out their enterprises, having sometimes fallen upon the enemy's camps and sometimes captured cities, not only were driven out but even suffered complete disaster for no other cause than that mentioned above.
§10.17.5διὸ δεῖ περὶ μηδὲν οὕτω σπουδάζειν καὶ προνοεῖσθαι τοὺς ἡγουμένους ὡς περὶ τοῦτο τὸ μέρος, ἵνα, καθʼ ὅσον ἐστὶ δυνατόν, ὑπάρχῃ παρὰ τοῖς πολλοῖς ἐλπὶς ὡς ἐξ ἴσου πᾶσι τῆς ὠφελείας οὔσης, ἐάν τις ὑποπίπτῃ τοιοῦτος καιρός.
Therefore, there is nothing about which leaders ought to be more diligent and forethinking than this matter, so that, as far as possible, there may exist among the rank and file an expectation that the booty will be shared equally by all, if any such opportunity should arise.
§10.17.6πλὴν οἱ μὲν χιλίαρχοι τότε περὶ τὴν τῶν λαφύρων ἦσαν οἰκονομίαν· ὁ δὲ στρατηγὸς τῶν Ῥωμαίων, ἐπεὶ συνήχθη τὸ τῶν αἰχμαλώτων πλῆθος, ὃ συνέβη γενέσθαι μικρῷ λεῖπον τῶν μυρίων, συνέταξε χωρισθῆναι πρῶτον μὲν τοὺς πολιτικοὺς ἄνδρας τε καὶ γυναῖκας καὶ τὰ τούτων τέκνα, δεύτερον δὲ τοὺς χειροτέχνας.
However, while the military tribunes were then occupied with the arrangement of the spoils, the Roman general, when the multitude of captives had been assembled—which happened to be a little less than ten thousand—ordered first the citizens, both men and women with their children, to be separated, and secondly the artisans.
§10.17.7γενομένου δὲ τούτου, τοὺς μὲν πολιτικοὺς παρακαλέσας εὐνοεῖν Ῥωμαίοις καὶ μνημονεύειν τῆς εὐεργεσίας ἀπέλυσε πάντας ἐπὶ τὰς ἰδίας οἰκήσεις.
This being done, he exhorted the citizens to be well-disposed to the Romans and to remember their beneficence, and then dismissed them all to their own homes.
§10.17.8οὗτοι μὲν οὖν ἅμα δακρύοντες καὶ χαίροντες ἐπὶ τῷ παραδόξῳ τῆς σωτηρίας, προσκυνήσαντες τὸν στρατηγὸν διελύθησαν·
These, therefore, weeping and rejoicing at the same time at the unexpectedness of their preservation, did obeisance to the general and dispersed.
§10.17.9τοῖς δὲ χειροτέχναις κατὰ τὸ παρὸν εἶπε διότι δημόσιοι τῆς Ῥώμης εἰσί· παρασχομένοις δὲ τὴν εὔνοιαν καὶ προθυμίαν ἑκάστοις κατὰ τὰς αὑτῶν τέχνας ἐπηγγείλατο τὴν ἐλευθερίαν, κατὰ νοῦν χωρήσαντος τοῦ πρὸς τοὺς Καρχηδονίους πολέμου.
But to the artisans he said for the present that they were public slaves of Rome; yet he promised them their freedom if each should display goodwill and diligence in their respective crafts, provided that the war against the Carthaginians should proceed according to their wishes.
§10.17.10καὶ τούτους μὲν ἀπογράφεσθαι προσέταξε πρὸς τὸν ταμίαν, συστήσας Ῥωμαϊκὸν ἐπιμελητὴν κατὰ τριάκοντα· τὸ γὰρ πᾶν πλῆθος ἐγένετο τούτων περὶ δισχιλίους.
And he ordered them to be registered with the quaestor, having appointed a Roman overseer for every thirty of them; for their total number amounted to about two thousand.
§10.17.11ἐκ δὲ τῶν λοιπῶν αἰχμαλώτων ἐκλέξας τοὺς εὐρωστοτάτους καὶ τοῖς εἴδεσι καὶ ταῖς ἡλικίαις ἀκμαιοτάτους προσέμιξε τοῖς αὑτοῦ πληρώμασι, §10.17.12καὶ ποιήσας ἡμιολίους τοὺς πάντας ναύτας ἢ πρόσθεν συνεπλήρωσε καὶ τὰς αἰχμαλώτους νῆας, ὥστε τοὺς ἄνδρας ἑκάστῳ σκάφει βραχύ τι λείπειν τοῦ διπλασίους εἶναι τοὺς ὑπάρχοντας τῶν προγενομένων·
From the remaining captives, choosing those who were strongest and in the prime of their appearance and age, he added them to his own crews, and having made the total number of sailors one and a half times what it was before, he also manned the captured ships, so that the men in each vessel fell only a little short of being double the number of those who had been there previously.
§10.17.13αἱ μὲν γὰρ αἰχμάλωτοι νῆες ἦσαν ὀκτωκαίδεκα τὸν ἀριθμόν, αἱ δʼ ἐξ ἀρχῆς πέντε καὶ τριάκοντα.
For the captured ships were eighteen in number, while those they had from the beginning were thirty-five.
§10.17.14παραπλησίως δὲ καὶ τούτοις ἐπηγγείλατο τὴν ἐλευθερίαν, παρασχομένοις τὴν αὑτῶν εὔνοιαν καὶ προθυμίαν, ἐπειδὰν κρατήσωσι τῷ πολέμῳ τῶν Καρχηδονίων.
In a similar manner, he also promised freedom to these men, provided they showed their goodwill and diligence, once they should conquer the Carthaginians in the war.
§10.17.15τοῦτον δὲ χειρίσας τὸν τρόπον τὰ κατὰ τοὺς αἰχμαλώτους μεγάλην μὲν εὔνοιαν καὶ πίστιν ἐνειργάσατο τοῖς πολιτικοῖς καὶ πρὸς αὑτὸν καὶ πρὸς τὰ κοινὰ πράγματα, μεγάλην δὲ προθυμίαν τοῖς χειροτέχναις διὰ τὴν ἐλπίδα τῆς ἐλευθερίας. §10.17.16ἡμιόλιον δὲ ποιήσας τὸ ναυτικὸν ἐκ τοῦ καιροῦ διὰ τὴν αὑτοῦ πρόνοιαν
Having managed the affairs of the captives in this manner, he inspired great goodwill and loyalty in the citizens both towards himself and towards the public cause, and great enthusiasm in the artisans because of their hope of freedom, and having made the navy one and a half times larger on the spot through his own foresight...