§1.51.1ποιησαμένους τὴν συμπλοκήν.
having joined battle.
ἐπειδὴ δὲ σύνεγγυς αὑτῶν ἦσαν, ἀρθέντων τῶν συνθημάτων ἐφʼ ἑκατέρας τῆς ναυαρχίδος συνέβαλλον ἀλλήλοις.
When they were close to each other, the signals were raised on both flagships, and they collided with one another.
§1.51.2τὸ μὲν οὖν πρῶτον ἰσόρροπος ἦν ὁ κίνδυνος, ὡς ἂν ἀμφοτέρων τοῖς ἀρίστοις ἐκ τῆς πεζικῆς δυνάμεως ἐπιβάταις χρωμένων· §1.51.3ἀεὶ δὲ μᾶλλον ὑπερεῖχον οἱ Καρχηδόνιοι διὰ τὸ πολλὰ προτερήματα παρʼ ὅλον ἔχειν τὸν ἀγῶνα.
At first, indeed, the struggle was evenly balanced, inasmuch as both sides employed the best of their land forces as marines; but the Carthaginians always increasingly prevailed, as they had many advantages throughout the whole battle.
§1.51.4τῷ τε γὰρ ταχυναυτεῖν πολὺ περιῆσαν διὰ τὴν διαφορὰν τῆς ναυπηγίας καὶ τὴν τῶν πληρωμάτων ἕξιν, ἥ τε χώρα μεγάλα συνεβάλλετʼ αὐτοῖς, ἅτε πεποιημένων τὴν ἔκταξιν ἀπὸ τῶν κατὰ τὸ πέλαγος τόπων.
For they were far superior in the speed of their ships, owing to the difference in their construction and the training of their crews; and their position also was of great assistance to them, since they had formed their line facing toward the open sea.
§1.51.5εἴτε γὰρ πιέζοιντό τινες ὑπὸ τῶν πολεμίων, κατόπιν ἀνεχώρουν ἀσφαλῶς διὰ τὸ ταχυναυτεῖν εἰς τὸν ἀναπεπταμένον τόπον· §1.51.6κἄπειτʼ ἐκ μεταβολῆς τοῖς προπίπτουσι τῶν διωκόντων, τοτὲ μὲν περιπλέοντες τοτὲ δὲ πλάγιοι προσπίπτοντες στρεφομένοις καὶ δυσχρηστοῦσι διὰ τὸ βάρος τῶν πλοίων καὶ διὰ τὴν ἀπειρίαν τῶν πληρωμάτων, ἐμβολάς τε συνεχεῖς ἐδίδοσαν καὶ πολλὰ τῶν σκαφῶν ἐβάπτιζον·
For if any of them were hard pressed by the enemy, they could retreat safely, thanks to their speed, into the open sea; and then, wheeling round upon those of their pursuers who rushed forward, sometimes sailing round them, sometimes falling on their flanks as they were turning and found difficulty in maneuvering owing to the weight of their vessels and the inexperience of their crews, they repeatedly rammed them and sank many of the ships.
§1.51.7εἴτε κινδυνεύοι τις τῶν συμμάχων, ἑτοίμως παρεβοήθουν ἔξω τοῦ δεινοῦ καὶ μετʼ ἀσφαλείας, παρὰ τὰς πρύμνας κατὰ τὸ πέλαγος ποιούμενοι τὸν πλοῦν.
Moreover, if any of their allies were in danger, they could readily bring assistance outside of danger and with safety, by steering along the sterns of the ships through the open sea.
§1.51.8τοῖς γε μὴν Ῥωμαίοις τἀναντία τούτων συνέβαινε· τοῖς τε γὰρ πιεζομένοις οὐκ ἦν εἰς τοὔπισθεν δυνατὸν ἀποχωρεῖν, πρὸς τῇ γῇ ποιουμένοις τὸν κίνδυνον, ἀεὶ δὲ τὸ θλιβόμενον ὑπὸ τῶν κατὰ πρόσωπον σκάφος ἢ τοῖς βραχέσι περιπῖπτον ἐκάθιζε κατὰ πρύμναν ἢ πρὸς τὴν γῆν φερόμενον ἐπώκελλε.
With the Romans, however, the very opposite of this occurred; for it was impossible for those who were hard pressed to retreat to the rear, as they were fighting close to the land; and any ship that was pressed hard by the enemy in front either ran aground stern-first on the shallows, or was carried toward the shore and wrecked.
§1.51.9διεκπλεῖν μὲν οὖν διὰ τῶν πολεμίων νεῶν καὶ κατόπιν ἐπιφαίνεσθαι τοῖς ἤδη πρὸς ἑτέρους διαμαχομένοις, ὅπερ ἐν τῷ ναυμαχεῖν ἐστι πρακτικώτατον, ἀδυνάτως εἶχον διά τε τὴν βαρύτητα τῶν πλοίων, προσέτι δὲ καὶ τὴν ἀπειρίαν τῶν πληρωμάτων.
To sail through the enemy's line and appear in the rear of those who were already engaged with others—which is the most effective maneuver in naval warfare—was impossible for them, owing to both the heaviness of their ships and the inexperience of their crews.
§1.51.10οὐδὲ μὴν ἐπιβοηθεῖν τοῖς δεομένοις κατὰ πρύμναν ἐδύναντο διὰ τὸ συγκεκλεῖσθαι πρὸς τῇ γῇ καὶ μηδὲ μικρὸν ἀπολείπεσθαι τόπον τοῖς βουλομένοις ἐπαρκεῖν τῷ δεομένῳ.
Nor indeed could they bring assistance from the rear to those in need of it, because they were cooped up close to the land, and not even a small space was left for those who wished to succor comrades in need.
§1.51.11τοιαύτης δὲ δυσχρηστίας ὑπαρχούσης περὶ τὸν ὅλον ἀγῶνα, καὶ τῶν μὲν καθιζόντων ἐν τοῖς βράχεσι, τῶν δʼ ἐκπιπτόντων σκαφῶν, κατιδὼν ὁ στρατηγὸς τῶν Ῥωμαίων τὸ συμβαῖνον ὥρμησε πρὸς φυγήν, ἀπὸ τῶν εὐωνύμων παρὰ τὴν γῆν ἐξελίξας, καὶ σὺν αὐτῷ περὶ τριάκοντα νῆας, αἵπερ ἔτυχον ἐγγὺς οὖσαι.
Such being the difficulty experienced throughout the whole battle, with some of the ships running aground on the shallows and others being wrecked, the Roman general, seeing what was happening, made off in flight, steering out along the land from the left wing, and with him about thirty ships that happened to be near.
§1.51.12τῶν δὲ λοιπῶν σκαφῶν, ὄντων ἐνενήκοντα καὶ τριῶν, ἐκυρίευσαν οἱ Καρχηδόνιοι καὶ τῶν πληρωμάτων, ὅσοι μὴ τῶν ἀνδρῶν τὰς ναῦς εἰς τὴν γῆν ἐκβαλόντες ἀπεχώρησαν.
The remaining ships, ninety-three in number, were captured by the Carthaginians, together with their crews, except for those men who ran their ships aground on the shore and made their escape.