§1ὑμῖν μὲν πολλὴν συγγνώμην ἔχω, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, ἀκούουσι τοιούτων λόγων καὶ ἀναμιμνῃσκομένοις τῶν γεγενημένων, ὁμοίως ἅπασιν ὀργίζεσθαι τοῖς ἐν ἄστει μείνασι·
I have great sympathy for you, gentlemen of the jury, when you hear such speeches and recall the past, that you are equally angry with all those who remained in the city.
τῶν δὲ κατηγόρων θαυμάζω, οἳ ἀμελοῦντες τῶν οἰκείων τῶν ἀλλοτρίων ἐπιμέλονται, εἰ σαφῶς εἰδότες τοὺς μηδὲ ἀδικοῦντας καὶ τοὺς πολλὰ ἐξημαρτηκότας ζητοῦσι ὑμᾶς πείθειν περὶ ἁπάντων ἡμῶν τὴν γνώμην ταύτην ἔχειν.
But I wonder at my accusers, who, neglecting their own affairs, busy themselves with those of others, if, though they clearly know both those who are not at all guilty and those who have committed many offenses, they seek to persuade you to hold this opinion about us all.
§2εἰ μὲν οὖν οἴονται, ὅσα ὑπὸ τῶν τριάκοντα γεγένηται τῇ πόλει, ἐμοῦ κατηγορηκέναι, ἀδυνάτους αὐτοὺς ἡγοῦμαι λέγειν· οὐδὲ γὰρ πολλοστὸν μέρος τῶν ἐκείνοις πεπραγμένων εἰρήκασιν·
If, then, they think that in accusing me they have spoken of all the crimes committed against the city by the Thirty, I consider them incompetent speakers; for they have not mentioned even a tiny fraction of what those men did.
εἰ δὲ ὡς ἐμοί τι προσῆκον περὶ αὐτῶν ποιοῦνται τοὺς λόγους, ἀποδείξω τούτους μὲν ἅπαντα ψευδομένους, ἐμαυτὸν δὲ τοιοῦτον ὄντα οἷόσπερ ἂν τῶν ἐκ Πειραιῶς ὁ βέλτιστος ἐν ἄστει μείνας ἐγένετο.
But if they make their speeches on the ground that any of these deeds belongs to me, I shall demonstrate that they are lying in everything, and that I myself am just such a person as the best of those from Peiraeus would have been, had he remained in the city.
§3δέομαι δʼ ὑμῶν, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, μὴ τὴν αὐτὴν γνώμην ἔχειν τοῖς συκοφάνταις.
And I beg of you, gentlemen of the jury, not to hold the same opinion as the sycophants.
τούτων μὲν γὰρ ἔργον ἐστὶ καὶ τοὺς μηδὲν ἡμαρτηκότας εἰς αἰτίαν καθιστάναι (ἐκ τούτων γὰρ ἂν μάλιστα χρηματίζοιντο), ὑμέτερον δὲ τοῖς μηδὲν ἀδικοῦσιν ἐξ ἴσου τῆς πολιτείας μεταδιδόναι· οὕτω γὰρ ἂν τοῖς καθεστηκόσι πράγμασι πλείστους συμμάχους ἔχοιτε.
For it is their business to bring even those who have done no wrong into accusation (since they would make the most money from this), but it is your duty to give those who do no wrong an equal share in the state; for in this way you would have the greatest number of allies for the established order.
§4ἀξιῶ δέ ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, ἐάνπερ φανῶ συμφορᾶς μὲν μηδεμιᾶς αἴτιος γεγενημένος, πολλὰ δὲ κἀγαθὰ εἰργασμένος τὴν πόλιν καὶ τῷ σώματι καὶ τοῖς χρήμασι, ταῦτα γοῦν μοι παρʼ ὑμῶν ὑπάρχειν, ὧν οὐ μόνον τοὺς εὖ πεποιηκότας ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς μηδὲν ἀδικοῦντας τυγχάνειν δίκαιόν ἐστι.
And I demand, gentlemen of the jury, that if I am shown to have been the cause of no misfortune, but to have done many services to the city with both my person and my money, I should at least receive these benefits from you, which it is just that not only those who have done good but also those who have done no wrong should obtain.
μέγα μὲν οὗν ἡγοῦμαί μοι τεκμήριον εἶναι, §5ὅτι, εἴπερ ἐδύναντο οἱ κατήγοροι ἰδίᾳ με ἀδικοῦντα ἐξελέγξαι, οὐκ ἂν τὰ τῶν τριάκοντα ἁμαρτήματα ἐμοῦ κατηγόρουν, οὐδʼ ἂν ᾤοντο χρῆναι ὑπὲρ τῶν ἐκείνοις πεπραγμένων ἑτέρους διαβάλλειν, ἀλλʼ αὐτοὺς τοὺς ἀδικοῦντας τιμωρεῖσθαι·
Now, I consider it a great proof for myself, namely, that if the accusers had been able to convict me of any private wrongdoing, they would not have accused me of the offenses of the Thirty, nor would they have thought they should slander others for the deeds of those men, but would have punished the actual wrongdoers.
νῦν δὲ νομίζουσι τὴν πρὸς ἐκείνους ὀργὴν ἱκανὴν εἶναι καὶ τοὺς μηδὲν κακὸν εἰργασμένους ἀπολέσαι.
But as it is, they believe that your anger against those men is sufficient to destroy even those who have done no evil.
§6ἐγὼ δὲ οὐχ ἡγοῦμαι δίκαιον εἶναι οὔτε εἴ τινες τῇ πόλει πολλῶν ἀγαθῶν αἴτιοι γεγένηνται, ἄλλους τινὰς ὑπὲρ τούτων τιμὴν ἢ χάριν κομίσασθαι παρʼ ὑμῶν, οὔτʼ εἴ τινες πολλὰ κακὰ εἰργασμένοι εἰσίν, εἰκότως ἂν διʼ ἐκείνους τοὺς μηδὲν ἀδικοῦντας ὀνείδους καὶ διαβολῆς τυγχάνειν·
But I do not consider it just, either that if some have been the cause of many benefits to the city, others should receive honor or gratitude from you on their behalf, or that if some have done many wrongs, those who have done no wrong should reasonably, on account of them, meet with reproach and slander.
ἱκανοὶ γὰρ οἱ ὑπάρχοντες ἐχθροὶ τῇ πόλει καὶ μέγα κέρδος νομίζοντες εἶναι τοὺς ἀδίκως ἐν ταῖς διαβολαῖς καθεστηκότας.
For the existing enemies of the city are sufficient, who consider it a great gain when people are unjustly placed under slander.
§7πειράσομαι δʼ ὑμᾶς διδάξαι, οὓς ἡγοῦμαι τῶν πολιτῶν προσήκειν ὀλιγαρχίας ἐπιθυμεῖν καὶ οὓς δημοκρατίας.
And I shall try to explain to you which of the citizens I think it is natural to desire oligarchy, and which democracy.
ἐκ τούτου γὰρ καὶ ὑμεῖς γνώσεσθε, κἀγὼ περὶ ἐμαυτοῦ τὴν ἀπολογίαν ποιήσομαι, ἀποφαίνων ὡς οὔτε ἐξ ὧν ἐν δημοκρατίᾳ οὔτε ἐξ ὧν ἐν ὀλιγαρχίᾳ πεποίηκα, οὐδέν μοι προσῆκον κακόνουν εἶναι τῷ πλήθει τῷ ὑμετέρῳ.
For from this both you will learn the truth, and I shall make my defense concerning myself, showing that neither from what I have done under the democracy nor under the oligarchy is there any reason for me to be ill-disposed toward your democracy.
§8πρῶτον μὲν οὖν ἐνθυμηθῆναι χρὴ ὅτι οὐδείς ἐστιν ἀνθρώπων φύσει οὔτε ὀλιγαρχικὸς οὔτε δημοκρατικός, ἀλλʼ ἥτις ἄν ἑκάστῳ πολιτεία συμφέρῃ, ταύτην προθυμεῖται καθεστάναι· ὥστε οὐκ ἐλάχιστον ἐν ὑμῖν ἐστι μέρος ὡς πλείστους ἐπιθυμεῖν τῶν παρόντων νυνὶ πραγμάτων.
First of all, then, you must bear in mind that no man is by nature either an oligarch or a democrat, but whatever constitution is advantageous to each individual, that is the one he desires to be established; consequently, it is in no small measure up to you that as many as possible should desire the present state of affairs.
καὶ ταῦτα ὅτι οὕτως ἔχει, οὐ χαλεπῶς ἐκ τῶν πρότερον γεγενημένων μαθήσεσθε.
And that this is so, you will easily learn from past events.
§9σκέψασθε γάρ, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, τοὺς προστάντας ἀμφοτέρων τῶν πολιτειῶν, ὁσάκις δὴ μετεβάλοντο.
Consider, gentlemen of the jury, the leaders of both constitutions, how often they changed sides.
οὐ Φρύνιχος μὲν καὶ Πείσανδρος καὶ οἱ μετʼ ἐκείνων δημαγωγοί, ἐπειδὴ πολλὰ εἰς ὑμᾶς ἐξήμαρτον, τὰς περὶ τούτων δείσαντες τιμωρίας τὴν προτέραν ὀλιγαρχίαν κατέστησαν, πολλοὶ δὲ τῶν τετρακοσίων μετὰ τῶν ἐκ Πειραιῶς συγκατῆλθον, ἔνιοι δὲ τῶν ἐκείνους ἐκβαλόντων αὐτοὶ αὖθις τῶν τριάκοντα ἐγένοντο;
Did not Phrynichus and Peisander and the demagogues with them, when they had committed many offenses against you, establish the former oligarchy out of fear of punishment for those deeds? And did not many of the Four Hundred return together with those from Peiraeus, while some of those who had expelled them became in turn members of the Thirty?
εἰσὶ δὲ οἵτινες τῶν Ἐλευσῖνάδε ἀπογραψαμένων, ἐξελθόντες μεθʼ ὑμῶν, ἐπολιόρκουν τοὺς μεθʼ αὑτῶν.
And there are some of those who registered for Eleusis who went out with you and besieged those who had been their own associates.