§1ἐνθυμήθητε τοίνυν, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, οἷοί τινες ὄντες πολῖται καὶ αὐτοὶ καὶ ὧν προσήκοντες ἀδικούμενοι ἀξιοῦμεν ἐλεεῖσθαι ὑφʼ ὑμῶν καὶ τῶν δικαίων τυγχάνειν·
in mind then, gentlemen of the jury, what kind of citizens we are ourselves, both we and those whose relatives we are, who, being wronged, claim to receive pity from you and to obtain justice.
οὐ γὰρ μόνον περὶ τῆς οὐσίας ἀγωνιζόμεθα, ἀλλὰ καὶ περὶ τῆς πολιτείας, εἰ χρὴ δημοκρατουμένης τῆς πόλεως ἡμῖν μετεῖναι.
For we are not only contending for our property, but also for our citizenship, whether, if the city is under a democracy, we ought to share in it.
πρῶτον μὲν οὖν περὶ Νικίου τοῦ ἡμετέρου θείου ἀναμνήσθητε. §2ἐκεῖνος γὰρ ὅσα μὲν τῇ ἑαυτοῦ γνώμῃ χρώμενος ὑπὲρ τοῦ ὑμετέρου ἔπραξε, πανταχοῦ φανήσεται πολλῶν μὲν καὶ ἀγαθῶν αἴτιος τῇ πόλει γεγενημένος, πλεῖστα δὲ καὶ μέγιστα κακὰ τοὺς πολεμίους εἰργασμένος· ὅσα δὲ οὐ βουλόμενος ἀλλʼ ἄκων ἠναγκάσθη ποιῆσαι, τῶν μὲν κακῶν οὐκ ἐλάχιστον αὐτὸς μετέσχε μέρος, τὴν δʼ αἰτίαν τῆς συμφορᾶς οἱ πείσαντες ὑμᾶς δικαίως ἂν ἔχοιεν, §3ἐπεὶ τήν γε πρὸς ὑμᾶς εὔνοιαν καὶ τὴν ἀρετὴν τὴν αὑτοῦ ἐν ταῖς εὐτυχίαις ταῖς ὑμετέραις καὶ ταῖς δυστυχίαις ταῖς τῶν ἐχθρῶν ἐπεδείξατο· στρατηγῶν γὰρ πολλὰς μὲν πόλεις εἷλε, πολλὰ δὲ καὶ καλὰ κατὰ τῶν πολεμίων ἔστησε τρόπαια, ὧν καθʼ ἓν ἕκατον πολὺ ἂν ἔργον εἴη λέγειν. §4Εὐκράτης τοίνυν, ἀδελφὸς μὲν ὢν ἐκεῖνον, πατὴρ δʼ ἐμός, ἤδη τῆς τελευταίας ναυμαχίας γεγενημένης φανερὰν ἐπεδείξατο τὴν εὔνοιαν ἣν εἶχε περὶ τὸ πλῆθος τὸ ὑμέτερον· ἡττημένων γὰρ ἐν τῇ ναυμαχίᾳ στρατηγὸς ὑφʼ ὑμῶν ᾑρημένος καὶ παρακαλούμενος μετέχειν τῆς ὀλιγαρχίας ὑπὸ τῶν ἐπιβουλευόντων τῷ πλήθει, §5οὐκ ἠθέλησεν αὐτοῖς πείθεσθαι, ἐν τοιούτῳ καιρῷ ληφθεὶς ἐν ᾧ οἱ πλεῖστοι τῶν ἀνθρώπων καὶ μεταβάλλονται πρὸς τὰ παρόντα καὶ ταῖς τύχαις ἐίκουσι, δυστυχοῦντος τοῦ δήμου, οὐκ ἀπελαυνόμενος τῆς πολιτείας οὐδʼ ἰδίας ἔχθρας ὑπαρχούσης πρὸς ἄρξειν μέλλοντας, ἀλλʼ ἐξὸν αὐτῷ καὶ τῶν τριάκοντα γενέσθαι καὶ μηδενὸς ἔλαττον δύνασθαι, μᾶλλον εἵλετο πράττων ὑπὲρ τῆς ὑμετέρας σωτηρίας ἀπολέσθαι ἢ ἐπιδεῖν τὰ τείχη καθαιρούμενα καὶ τὰς ναῦς τοῖς πολεμίοις παραδιδομένας καὶ τὸ ὑμέτερον πλῆθος καταδεδουλωμένον. §6καὶ οὐ πολλῷ χρόνῳ ὕστερον Νικήρατος, ἀνεψιὸς ὢν ἐμὸς καὶ ὑὸς Νικίου, εὔνους ὢν τῷ ὑμετέρῳ πλήθει, συλληφθεὶς ὑπὸ τῶν τριάκοντα ἀπέθανεν, οὔτε γένει οὔτε οὐσίᾳ οὔθʼ ἡλικίᾳ δοκῶν ἀνάξιος εἶναι τῆς πολιτείας μετασχεῖν· ἀλλὰ τοιαῦτα ἐνομίζετο τὰ ὑπάρχοντα αὐτῷ πρὸς τὸ ὑμέτερον πλῆθος εἶναι καὶ διὰ τοὺς προγόνους καὶ αὐτόν, ὥστε οὐκ ἄν ποθʼ ἑτέρας ἐπιθυμῆσαι πολιτείας. §7συνῄδεσαν γὰρ ἅπασιν αὐτοῖς ὑπὸ τῆς πόλεως τιμωμένοις, καὶ πολλαχοῦ μὲν ὑπὲρ ὑμῶν κεκινδυνευκόσι, μεγάλας δʼ εἰσφορὰς εἰσενηνοχόσι καὶ λελῃτουργηκόσι κάλλιστα, καὶ τῶν ἄλλων οὐδενὸς πώποτʼ ἀποστᾶσιν ὧν ἡ πόλις αὐτοῖς προσέταξεν, ἀλλὰ προθύμως λῃτουργοῦσι. §8καίτοι τίνες ἂν ἡμῶν εἴησαν δυστυχέστεροι, εἰ ἐν μὲν τῇ ὀλιγαρχίᾳ ἀποθνῄσκοιμεν εὖνοι ὄντες τῷ πλήθει, ἐν δὲ τῇ δημοκρατίᾳ ὡς κακόνοι ὄντες τῷ πλήθει ἀποστεροίμεθα τῶν ὄντων; §9καὶ μὲν δή, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, καὶ Διόγνητος διαβληθεὶς μὲν ὑπὸ τῶν συκοφαντῶν φεύγων ὤχετο, μετʼ ὀλίγων δὲ τῶν ἐκπεπτωκότων οὔτʼ ἐπὶ τὴν πόλιν ἐστρατεύσατο οὔτʼ εἰς Δεκέλειαν ἀφίκετο· οὐδʼ ἔστιν ὅτου κακοῦ αἴτιος οὔτε φεύγων οὔτε κατελθὼν τῷ ὑμετέρῳ πλήθει γεγένηται, ἀλλʼ εἰς τοῦτʼ ἀρετῆς ἦλθεν ὥστε μᾶλλον ὠργίζετο τοῖς εἰς ὑμᾶς ἡμαρτηκόσιν ἢ τοῖς αὐτῷ τῆς καθόδου αἰτίοις γεγενημένοις χάριν ᾔδει.
First, then, recall our uncle Nicias. as for all that he did for your benefit by employing his own judgment, he will be shown everywhere to have been the cause of many blessings to the city, and to have wrought the greatest and most numerous evils upon the enemy; but as for all that he was compelled to do, not willingly but against his will, he himself shared in no small part of the evils, while the blame for the disaster would justly be held by those who persuaded you, he displayed his goodwill toward you and his own virtue both in your successes and in the misfortunes of your enemies; for as general he captured many cities, and set up many fine trophies over the enemy, of which it would be a great task to speak one by one., then, being his brother and my father, when the last naval battle had already occurred, displayed clearly the goodwill which he had toward your multitude; for when they had been defeated in the naval battle, having been elected general by you and being urged to share in the oligarchy by those plotting against the multitude, refused to comply with them, though caught in such a critical moment in which most men change according to the present circumstances and yield to fortunes, when the people were unfortunate, and though he was not being expelled from the citizenship nor had any personal enmity toward those who were about to rule, but when it was open to him to become one of the Thirty and to have power second to none, he chose rather to perish while acting for your safety than to look on while the walls were being demolished, the ships surrendered to the enemy, and your multitude enslaved. not long afterward, Niceratus, who was my cousin and the son of Nicias, being well-disposed to your multitude, was arrested by the Thirty and put to death, though he seemed unworthy neither by birth nor by wealth nor by age to share in the citizenship; but his relations to your multitude, both because of his ancestors and himself, were considered to be such that he would never desire another form of government. they knew that all of them had been honored by the city, and had risked their lives many times on your behalf, had paid large war-taxes, had performed public services most handsomely, and had never shrunk from any of the other duties that the city commanded them, but had performed public services eagerly. yet who would be more unfortunate than we, if under the oligarchy we should die for being well-disposed to the multitude, and under the democracy we should be deprived of our possessions on the ground of being ill-disposed to the multitude? indeed, gentlemen of the jury, Diognetus also, having been slandered by the sycophants, went into exile, but he neither marched against the city with the few exiles nor did he go to Decelea; nor is there any evil of which he has been the cause for your multitude either while in exile or after returning, but he reached such a point of virtue that he was more angry at those who had sinned against you than he felt gratitude to those who had been the cause of his return.