Humanitext Reader

Lysias · On the Murder of Eratosthenes §11-19

Discovery of the Affair and Questioning of the Maid

Passage 2 of 5 · Greek

Summary

This chunk describes the wife's suspicious behavior on the night Euphiletus unexpectedly returned from the country, and how he later learned of her affair with Eratosthenes from an old woman and confronted their maidservant.

§11προϊόντος δὲ τοῦ χρόνου, ὦ ἄνδρες, ἧκον μὲν ἀπροσδοκήτως ἐξ ἀγροῦ, μετὰ δὲ τὸ δεῖπνον τὸ παιδίον ἐβόα καὶ ἐδυσκόλαινεν ὑπὸ τῆς θεραπαίνης ἐπίτηδες λυπούμενον, ἵνα ταῦτα ποιῇ· ὁ γὰρ ἄνθρωπος ἔνδον ἦν·
As time went on, gentlemen, I returned unexpectedly from the countryside; and after dinner, the child began to cry and be fretful, being intentionally annoyed by the maidservant in order that he might do this; for the man was inside.
§12ὕστερον γὰρ ἅπαντα ἐπυθόμην.
For I learned everything later.
καὶ ἐγὼ τὴν γυναῖκα ἀπιέναι ἐκέλευον καὶ δοῦναι τῷ παιδίῳ τὸν τιτθόν, ἵνα παύσηται κλᾶον.
And I kept telling my wife to go away and give the breast to the child, so that he might stop crying.
ἡ δὲ τὸ μὲν πρῶτον οὐκ ἤθελεν, ὡς ἂν ἀσμένη με ἑωρακυῖα ἥκοντα διὰ χρόνου· ἐπειδὴ δὲ ἐγὼ ὠργιζόμην καὶ ἐκέλευον αὐτὴν ἀπιέναι, ἵνα σύ γε ἔφη πειρᾷς ἐνταῦθα τὴν παιδίσκην· καὶ πρότερον δὲ μεθύων εἷλκες αὐτήν. κἀγὼ μὲν ἐγέλων, §13ἐκείνη δὲ ἀναστᾶσα καὶ ἀπιοῦσα προστίθησι τὴν θύραν, προσποιουμένη παίζειν, καὶ τὴν κλεῖν ἐφέλκεται.
But she at first refused, as if she were glad to see me returned after a long time; but when I grew angry and ordered her to go away, "So that you," she said, "may have a try at the little maid here; even before, when you were drunk, you kept dragging her." And I laughed, and she, getting up and leaving, closed the door, pretending to play, and drew the key.
κἀγὼ τούτων οὐδὲν ἐνθυμούμενος οὐδʼ ὑπονοῶν ἐκάθευδον ἄσμενος, ἥκων ἐξ ἀγροῦ.
And I, reflecting on none of these things nor having any suspicion, slept gladly, having come from the countryside.
§14ἐπειδὴ δὲ ἦν πρὸς ἡμέραν, ἧκεν ἐκείνη καὶ τὴν θύραν ἀνέῳξεν.
When it was towards daybreak, she came and opened the door.
ἐρομένου δέ μου τί αἱ θύραι νύκτωρ ψοφοῖεν, ἔφασκε τὸν λύχνον ἀποσβεσθῆναι τὸν παρὰ τῷ παιδίῳ, εἶτα ἐκ τῶν γειτόνων ἐνάψασθαι.
When I asked why the doors made a noise during the night, she claimed that the lamp next to the child had been extinguished, and then she had lit it from the neighbors.
ἐσιώπων ἐγὼ καὶ ταῦτα οὕτως ἔχειν ἡγούμην.
I kept silent and believed that this was so.
ἔδοξε δέ μοι, ὦ ἄνδρες, τὸ πρόσωπον ἐψιμυθιῶσθαι, τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ τεθνεῶτος οὔπω τριάκονθʼ ἡμέρας· ὅμως δʼ οὐδʼ οὕτως οὐδὲν εἰπὼν περὶ τοῦ πράγματος ἐξελθὼν ᾠχόμην ἔξω σιωπῇ.
But it seemed to me, gentlemen, that her face was painted with white lead, although her brother had been dead not yet thirty days; nevertheless, even so, saying nothing about the matter, I went out and went away in silence.
§15μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα, ὦ ἄνδρες, χρόνου μεταξὺ διαγενομένου καὶ ἐμοῦ πολὺ ἀπολελειμμένου τῶν ἐμαυτοῦ κακῶν, προσέρχεταί μοί τις πρεσβῦτις ἄνθρωπος, ὑπὸ γυναικὸς ὑποπεμφθεῖσα ἣν ἐκεῖνος ἐμοίχευεν, ὡς ἐγὼ ὕστερον ἤκουον· αὕτη δὲ ὀργιζομένη καὶ ἀδικεῖσθαι νομίζουσα, ὅτι οὐκέτι ὁμοίως ἐφοίτα παρʼ αὐτήν, ἐφύλαττεν ἕως ἐξηῦρεν ὅ τι εἴη τὸ αἴτιον.
After this, gentlemen, some time having elapsed, and I being far removed from my own misfortunes, a certain old woman approached me, sent secretly by a woman whom that man was seducing, as I heard later; and she, being angry and thinking herself wronged because he no longer visited her in the same way, kept watch until she found out what the cause was.
προσελθοῦσα οὖν μοι ἐγγὺς ἡ ἄνθρωπος τῆς οἰκίας τῆς ἐμῆς ἐπιτηροῦσα, εὐφίλητε ἔφη μηδεμιᾷ πολυπραγμοσύνῃ προσεληλυθέναι με νόμιζε πρὸς σέ· §16ὁ γὰρ ἀνὴρ ὁ ὑβρίζων εἰς σὲ καὶ τὴν σὴν γυναῖκα ἐχθρὸς ὢν ἡμῖν τυγχάνει.
So, having approached me near my house, after watching for me, the woman said: "Euphiletus," she said, "do not believe that I have approached you out of any inquisitiveness; for the man who is insulting you and your wife happens to be an enemy to us.
ἐὰν οὖν λάβῃς τὴν θεράπαιναν τὴν εἰς ἀγορὰν βαδίζουσαν καὶ διακονοῦσαν ὑμῖν καὶ βασανίσῃς, ἅπαντα πεύσῃ.
If, therefore, you take the maidservant who goes to the market and serves you, and examine her under torture, you will learn everything.
ἔστι δʼ ἔφη Ἐρατοσθένης Ὀῆθεν ὁ ταῦτα πράττων, ὃς οὐ μόνον τὴν σὴν γυναῖκα διέφθαρκεν ἀλλὰ καὶ ἄλλας πολλάς· ταύτην γὰρ τέχνην ἔχει. §17ταῦτα εἰποῦσα, ὦ ἄνδρες, ἐκείνη μὲν ἀπηλλάγη, ἐγὼ δʼ εὐθέως ἐταραττόμην, καὶ πάντα μου εἰς τὴν γνώμην εἰσῄει, καὶ μεστὸς ἦ ὑποψίας, ἐνθυμούμενος μὲν ὡς ἀπεκλῄσθην ἐν τῷ δωματίῳ, ἀναμιμνῃσκόμενος δὲ ὅτι ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ νυκτὶ ἐψόφει ἡ μέταυλος θύρα καὶ ἡ αὔλειος, ὃ οὐδέποτε ἐγένετο, ἔδοξέ τέ μοι ἡ γυνὴ ἐψιμυθιῶσθαι.
And it is," she said, "Eratosthenes of Oea who is doing these things, who has not only corrupted your wife but also many others; for he has this as an art." Having said this, gentlemen, she departed, but I was immediately disturbed, and everything came into my mind, and I was full of suspicion, reflecting indeed how I had been locked in the bedroom, and remembering that on that night the inner door and the outer door made a noise, which had never happened before, and it seemed to me that my wife had been painted with white lead.
ταῦτά μου πάντα εἰς τὴν γνώμην εἰσῄει, καὶ μεστὸς ἦ ὑποψίας.
All these things came into my mind, and I was full of suspicion.
§18ἐλθὼν δὲ οἴκαδε ἐκέλευον ἀκολουθεῖν μοι τὴν θεράπαιναν εἰς τὴν ἀγοράν, ἀγαγὼν δʼ αὐτὴν ὡς τῶν ἐπιτηδείων τινὰ ἔλεγον ὅτι ἐγὼ πάντα εἴην πεπυσμένος τὰ γιγνόμενα ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ·
Having gone home, I ordered the maidservant to follow me to the market, and having led her to the house of one of my close friends, I said that I had found out everything that was happening in the house.
σοὶ οὖν ἔφην ἔξεστι δυοῖν ὁπότερον βούλει ἑλέσθαι, ἢ μαστιγωθεῖσαν εἰς μύλωνα ἐμπεσεῖν καὶ μηδέποτε παύσασθαι κακοῖς τοιούτοις συνεχομένην, ἢ κατειποῦσαν ἅπαντα τἀληθῆ μηδὲν παθεῖν κακόν, ἀλλὰ συγγνώμης παρʼ ἐμοῦ τυχεῖν τῶν ἡμαρτημένων.
"Therefore to you," I said, "it is possible to choose whichever of the two you wish: either, having been scourged, to be cast into a mill and never to cease being afflicted by such evils, or, having told all the truth, to suffer no harm, but to obtain pardon from me for your offenses.
ψεύσῃ δὲ μηδέν, ἀλλὰ πάντα τἀληθῆ λέγε. §19κἀκείνη τὸ μὲν πρῶτον ἔξαρνος ἦν, καὶ ποιεῖν ἐκέλευεν ὅ τι βούλομαι· οὐδὲν γὰρ εἰδέναι·
Tell no lie, but speak all the truth." And she at first denied it, and kept bidding me do whatever I wished; for she knew nothing.
ἐπειδὴ δὲ ἐγὼ ἐμνήσθην Ἐρατοσθένους πρὸς αὐτήν, καὶ εἶπον ὅτι οὗτος ὁ φοιτῶν εἴη πρὸς τὴν γυναῖκα, ἐξεπλάγη ἡγησαμένη με πάντα ἀκριβῶς ἐγνωκέναι.
But when I mentioned Eratosthenes to her, and said that he was the one who was visiting my wife, she was amazed, believing that I knew everything precisely.
καὶ τότε ἤδη πρὸς τὰ γόνατά μου πεσοῦσα,
And then, at last, falling at my knees,

Notes

  1. 12ὡς ἂν ἀσμένη με ἑωρακυῖα — The particle `ὡς ἄν` combined with the perfect participle `ἑωρακυῖα` expresses a subjective reason or hypothetical manner ("as if she were glad to have seen me"). The addition of `ἄν` lends a potential nuance, ironically highlighting the wife's hypocritical behavior.
  2. 14τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ τεθνεῶτος — A genitive absolute construction expressing time or concession ("although her brother had died..."). In Greek custom, mourning for a brother lasted thirty days, during which wearing makeup (white lead) was highly inappropriate. Therefore, it functions here with a strong concessive force highlighting the wife's suspicious behavior.
  3. 15ἐμοῦ πολὺ ἀπολελειμμένου τῶν ἐμαυτοῦ κακῶν — A genitive absolute construction with `ἐμοῦ` as the subject. The perfect passive participle `ἀπολελειμμένου` (from `ἀπολείπω`, "to separate, remove") takes the genitive of separation `τῶν ἐμαυτοῦ κακῶν`, meaning "being far removed from my own misfortunes," i.e., completely unaware of the domestic troubles brewing.
  4. 18κατειποῦσαν — While the impersonal verb `ἔξεστι` takes the dative pronoun `σοί` (to you), the participle is in the accusative case (`κατειποῦσαν`) rather than the expected dative (`κατειπούσῃ`). In Greek, when a dative pronoun depends on an impersonal construction, an accompanying participle in the subsequent infinitive clause often shifts to the accusative to agree with the unexpressed subject of the infinitive (`παθεῖν`).

Cite this passage

Lysias, On the Murder of Eratosthenes §11-19. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0540.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:11-19

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