Humanitext Reader

Septuagint · Nahum §3.1-3.19

Judgment on Nineveh's Sins and Inevitable Ruin

Passage 3 of 3 · Greek

Summary

The Lord's judgment upon Nineveh for its cruelty and deceit is declared, prophesying the failure of its fortresses and the dispersion of its people using the fall of Ammon as an example.

§3.1Ὦ πόλις αἱμάτων, ὅλη ψευδής, ἀδικίας πλήρης, οὐ ψηλαφηθῇσεται θήρα.
Woe to the city of blood, all full of lies, full of unrighteousness; the prey shall not be groped for.
§3.2φωνὴ μαστίγων καὶ φωνὴ σεισμοῦ τροχῶν, καὶ ἵππου διώκοντος καὶ ἅρματος ἀναβράσσοντος, §3.3καὶ ἱππέως ἀναβαίνοντος καὶ στιλβούσης ῥομφαίας καὶ ἐξαστραπτόντων ὅπλων, καὶ πλήθους τραυματιῶν καὶ βαρείας πτώσεως, καὶ οὐκ ἦν πέρας τοῖς ἔθνεσιν αὐτῆς· καὶ ἀσθενήσουσιν ἐν τοῖς σώμασιν αὐτῶν ἀπὸ πλήθους πορνείας.
The sound of whips, and the sound of the rattling of wheels, and of the pursuing horse, and of the bounding chariot, and of the mounting horseman, and of the glittering sword, and of the flashing weapons, and of a multitude of slain, and of a heavy fall; and there was no end to her nations; and they shall become weak in their bodies because of the abundance of her fornication.
§3.4πόρνη καλὴ καὶ ἐπιχαρής, ἡγουμένη φαρμάκων, ἡ πωλοῦσα ἔθνη ἐν τῇ πορνείᾳ αὐτῆς καὶ λαοὺς ἐν τοῖς φαρμάκοις αὐτῆς.
The beautiful and charming harlot, the mistress of sorceries, she who sells nations through her fornication, and peoples through her sorceries.
§3.5ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ ἐπὶ σέ, λέγει Κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὁ παντοκράτωρ, καὶ ἀποκαλύψω τὰ ὀπίσω σου ἐπὶ τὸ πρόσωπόν σου, καὶ δείξω ἔθνεσιν τὴν αἰσχύνην σου καὶ βασιλείαις τὴν ἀτιμίαν σου·
"Behold, I am against you," says the Lord God Almighty, "and I will uncover your skirts over your face, and I will show the nations your shame and the kingdoms your disgrace.
§3.6καὶ ἐπιρίψω ἐπὶ σέ βδελυγμὸν κατὰ τὰς ἀκαθαρσίας σου, καὶ θήσομαί σε εἰς παράδειγμα·
And I will cast abominations upon you according to your uncleannesses, and I will make you a public spectacle.
§3.7καὶ ἔσται πᾶς ὁ ὁρῶν σε καταβήσεται ἀπὸ σοῦ καὶ ἐρεῖ Δειλαία Νινευή·
And it shall come to pass, that everyone who sees you shall flee from you, and say: 'Wretched Nineveh!
τίς στενάξει αὐτήν;
Who shall bemoan her?
πόθεν ζητήσω παράκλησιν αὐτῇ; §3.8ἑτοίμασαι μερίδα, ἅρμόσοι χορδήν, ἑτοίμασαι μερίδα, Ἄμμων, ἡ κατοικοῦσα ἐν ποταμοῖς·
Whence shall I seek comfort for her?'" Prepare a portion, tune the string, prepare a portion, O Ammon, she who dwells among the rivers!
ὕδωρ κύκλῳ αὐτῆς, ἧς ἡ ἀρχὴ θάλασσα καὶ ὕδωρ τὰ τείχη αὐτῆς.
Water is round about her, whose dominion is the sea, and water is her walls.
§3.9καὶ Αἰθιοπία ἰσχὺς αὐτῆς καὶ Aἵγυπτος, καὶ οὐκ ἔστιν πέρας τῆς φυγῆς, καὶ Λίβυες ἐγένοντο βοηθοὶ αὐτῆς.
And Ethiopia was her strength, and Egypt, and there was no limit to her flight, and the Libyans became her helpers.
§3.10καὶ αὐτὴ εἰς μετοικεσίαν πορεύσεται αἰχμάλωτος, καὶ τὰ νήπια αὐτῆς ἐδαφιοῦσιν ἐπʼ ἀρχὰς πασῶν τῶν ὁδῶν αὐτῆς, καὶ ἐπὶ πάντα τὰ ἔνδοξα αὐτῆς βαλοῦσιν κλήρους. καὶ πάντες οἱ μεγιστᾶνες αὐτῆς δεθήσονται χειροπέδαις.
Yet she shall go into captivity as an exile, and they shall dash her infants to the ground at the head of all her ways; and they shall cast lots for all her glorious things, and all her nobles shall be bound in chains.
§3.11καὶ σὺ μεθυσθήσῃ καὶ ἔσῃ ὑπερεαωραμένη, καὶ σὺ ζητήσεις σεαυτῇ στάσιν ἐξ ἐχθρῶν.
And you also shall be drunken, and shall be overlooked, and you also shall seek for yourself a refuge from the enemy.
§3.12πάντα τὰ ὐχυρώματά σου συκαῖ σκοποὺς ἔχουσαι· ἐὰν σαλευθῶσιν, πεσοῦνται εἰς στόμα ἕσθοντος.
All your strongholds are like fig trees having watchers; if they are shaken, they shall fall into the mouth of the eater.
§3.13ἰδοὺ ὁ λαός σου ὡς γυναῖκες ἐν σοί· τοῖς ἐχθροῖς σου ἀνοιγόμεναι ἀνοιχθήσονται πύλαι τῆς γῆς σου, καταφάγεται πῦρ τοὺς μοχλούς σου.
Behold, your people within you are like women; the gates of your land shall be opened wide to your enemies; fire shall devour your bars.
§3.14ὕδωρ περιοχῆς ἐπίσπασαι σεαυτῇ, καὶ κατακράτησον τῶν ὀχυρωμάτων σου· ἔμβηθι εἰς πηλὸν καὶ συμπατήθητι ἐν ἀχύροις, κατακράτησον ὑπέρ πλίνθον·
Draw water for yourself for the siege, and strengthen your fortresses; tread the clay and trample the straw, hold fast above the brick.
§3.15ἐκεῖ καταφάγεταί σε πῦρ, ἐξολεθρεύσει σε ῥομφαία, καταφάγεταί σε ὡς ἀκρίς, καὶ βαρυνθήσει ὡς βροῦχος.
There the fire shall devour you, the sword shall destroy you; it shall devour you like the locust, and you shall be weighted down like the cankerworm.
§3.16ἐπλήθυνας τὰς ἐμπορίας σου ὑπέρ τὰ ἄστρα τοῦ οὐρανοῦ· βροῦχος ὥρμησεν καὶ ἐξεπετάσθη.
You have multiplied your merchandise above the stars of heaven; the cankerworm has made an inroad, and has flown away.
§3.17ἐξήλατο ὡς ἀττέλεβος ὁ συμμικτός σου, ὡς ἀκρὶς ἐπιβεβηκυῖα ἐπὶ φραγμὸν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ πάγους· ὁ ἥλιος ἀνέτειλεν, καὶ ἀφήλατο, καὶ οὐκ ἔγνω τὸν τόπον αὐτῆς.
Your mixed multitude has leaped like the locust, like the grasshopper settling on a hedge on a cold day; the sun arose, and it leaped away, and he knew not its place.
οὐαὶ αὐτοῖς.
Woe to them!
§3.18ἐνύσταξαν οἱ ποιμένες σου, βασιλεὺς Ἀσσύριος ἐκοίμισεν τοὺς δυνάστας σου· ἀπῆρεν ὁ λαός σου ἐπὶ τὰ ὄρη, καὶ οὐκ ἦν ὁ ἐκδεχόμενος.
Your shepherds slumbered, O Assyrian king; he put your nobles to sleep; your people departed to the mountains, and there was no one to receive them.
§3.19οὐκ ἔστιν ἴασις τῇ συντριβῇ σου, ἐφλέγμανεν ἡ πληγή σου· πάντες οἱ ἀκούοντες τὴν ἀγγελίαν σου κροτήσουσιν χεῖρας ἐπὶ σέ· διότι ἐπὶ τίνα οὐκ ἐπῆλθεν ἡ κακία σου διὰ παντός;
There is no healing for your bruise, your wound has become inflamed; all who hear the report of you shall clap their hands over you; for upon whom did your wickedness not pass continually?

Notes

  1. 3.1οὐ ψηλαφηθῇσεται θήρα — The future passive form of the verb ψηλαφάω ('to grope', 'to touch') with the negative particle οὐ. It suggests that 'the prey will no longer be felt or searched for', meaning either that Nineveh's plundering will never cease, or that the plundered goods will vanish entirely. This is a unique Septuagint rendering of the Hebrew clause 'the prey does not depart'.
  2. 3.8Ἄμμων — A transliteration of 'Amon' from the Hebrew 'No-Amon' (Thebes, the ancient capital of Egypt). In the Septuagint, it is treated as a proper noun and acts as the antecedent for the feminine singular participle ἡ κατοικοῦσα ('she who dwells'). It refers to the city of the chief Egyptian deity Amun.
  3. 3.11ὑπερεαωραμένη — A rare perfect passive participle with a double prefix. Some manuscripts read ὑπερεωραμένη (from ὑπεροράω 'to overlook', 'to despise'), meaning 'overlooked' or 'despised'. It describes Nineveh's state of being completely ignored or treated with contempt after becoming drunk.
  4. 3.12συκαῖ σκοποὺς ἔχουσαι — Literally 'fig trees having watchers (scouts)'. The Septuagint translator likely misread the Hebrew word for 'first-ripe figs' (bikkurim) as something related to watchers (such as tsophim or bakkurot), or offered a unique figurative interpretation. In context, it serves as a metaphor for fortresses so vulnerable that they fall at the slightest shake.

Cite this passage

Septuagint, Nahum §3.1-3.19. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0527.tlg042.humanitext-grc1:3.1-3.19

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