§9.40.6"
Φύλας δʼ ὤπυιεν κούρην κλειτοῦ Ἰολάου
† λειπεφιληνην εἶδος Ὀλυμπιάδεσσιν ὅμοιον,
Ἱππότην δέ οἱ υἱὸν ἐνὶ μεγάροισιν ἔτικτεν
Θηρώ τʼ εὐειδῆ, ἰκέλην φαέεσσι σελήνης.
"Phylas wedded the daughter of famous Iolaus, †... in form like to the Olympians, and she bore him a son, Hippotes, in his halls, and beautiful Thero, like to the rays of the moon.
Θηρὼ δʼ Ἀπόλλωνος ἐς ἀγκοίνῃσι πεσοῦσα
γείνατο Χαίρωνος κρατερὸν μένος ἱπποδάμοιο. "
Ὅμηρος δὲ ἐπιστάμενος ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν Χαιρώνειάν τε ἤδη καὶ Λεβάδειαν καλουμένας, ὅμως τοῖς ἀρχαίοις ἐχρήσατο ὀνόμασιν ἐς αὐτάς, καθότι καὶ Αἴγυπτον τὸν ποταμὸν εἶπεν, οὐ Νεῖλον.
And Thero, falling into the arms of Apollo, bore the mighty strength of horse-taming Chaeron." And Homer, though knowing, as it seems to me, that they were already called Chaeroneia and Lebadeia, nevertheless used the ancient names for them, just as he also called the river Egypt, and not the Nile.
§9.40.7Χαιρωνεῦσι δὲ δύο ἐστὶν ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ τρόπαια, ἃ Ῥωμαῖοι καὶ Σύλλας ἔστησαν Ταξίλον καὶ στρατιὰν τὴν Μιθριδάτου κρατήσαντες.
And the Chaeroneans have two trophies in their land, which the Romans and Sylla set up after defeating Taxilus and the army of Mithridates.
Φίλιππος δὲ οὐκ ἀνέθηκεν ὁ Ἀμύντου τρόπαιον οὔτε ἐνταῦθα οὔτε ὁπόσας μάχας ἄλλας βαρβάρους ἢ καὶ Ἕλληνας ἐνίκησεν· οὐ γάρ τι Μακεδόσιν ἱστάναι τρόπαια ἦν νενομισμένον.
But Philip, the son of Amyntas, set up no trophy either here or for any of the other battles in which he conquered barbarians or even Greeks; for it was not at all customary for the Macedonians to set up trophies.
§9.40.8λέγεται δὲ ὑπὸ Μακεδόνων Καρανὸν βασιλεύοντα ἐν Μακεδονίᾳ κρατῆσαι μάχῃ Κισσέως, ὃς ἐδυνάστευεν ἐν χώρᾳ τῇ ὁμόρῳ·
For it is said by the Macedonians that Caranus, when reigning in Macedonia, conquered in battle Cisseus, who ruled in the bordering land.
καὶ ὁ μὲν τρόπαιον ὁ Καρανὸς κατὰ νόμους τοὺς Ἀργείων ἔστησεν ἐπὶ τῇ νίκῃ· ἐπελθόντα δέ φασιν ἐκ τοῦ Ὀλύμπου λέοντα ἀνατρέψαι τε τὸ τρόπαιον καὶ ἀφανισθῆναι, συνεῖναι τε γνώμῃ §9.40.9Καρανὸν οὐκ εὖ βουλεύσασθαι βαρβάροις τοῖς περιοικοῦσιν ἐς ἔχθραν ἐλθόντα ἀδιάλλακτον, καταστῆναί τε χρῆναι μήτε ὑπὸ αὐτοῦ Καρανοῦ μήτε ὑπὸ τῶν ὕστερον βασιλευσόντων Μακεδονίας τρόπαια ἵστασθαι, εἰ ἐς εὔνοιάν ποτε τοὺς προσχώρους ὑπάξονται.
And Caranus set up a trophy for the victory according to the laws of the Argives; but they say that a lion coming from Olympus overturned the trophy and vanished, and that Caranus understood in his mind that he had not resolved well in entering into irreconcilable enmity with the neighboring barbarians, and that it was necessary to establish that trophies should be set up neither by Caranus himself nor by those who should rule Macedonia afterwards, if they were ever to bring their neighbors into goodwill.
μαρτυρεῖ δὲ τῷ λόγῳ καὶ Ἀλέξανδρος, οὐκ ἀναστήσας οὔτε ἐπὶ Δαρείῳ τρόπαια οὔτε ἐπὶ ταῖς Ἰνδικαῖς νίκαις.
And Alexander also bears witness to this story, having set up trophies neither over Darius nor for his Indian victories.
§9.40.10προσιόντων δὲ τῇ πόλει πολυάνδριον Θηβαίων ἐστὶν ἐν τῷ πρὸς Φίλιππον ἀγῶνι ἀποθανόντων.
And as one approaches the city, there is a common grave of the Thebans who died in the struggle against Philip.
ἐπιγέγραπται μὲν δὴ ἐπίγραμμα οὐδέν, ἐπίθημα δʼ ἔπεστιν αὐτῷ λέων· φέροι δʼ ἂν ἐς τῶν ἀνδρῶν μάλιστα τὸν θυμόν·
No inscription indeed is written upon it, but a lion stands on it as a monument; and this would refer especially to the spirit of the men.
ἐπίγραμμα δὲ ἄπεστιν ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν ὅτι οὐδὲ ἐοικότα τῇ τόλμῃ σφίσι τὰ ἐκ τοῦ δαίμονος ἠκολούθησε.
And the inscription is absent, as it seems to me, because the fortune from the deity did not follow in a manner worthy of their courage.
§9.40.11θεῶν δὲ μάλιστα Χαιρωνεῖς τιμῶσι τὸ σκῆπτρον ὃ ποιῆσαι Διί φησιν Ὅμηρος Ἥφαιστον, παρὰ δὲ Διὸς λαβόντα Ἑρμῆν δοῦναι Πέλοπι, Πέλοπα δὲ Ἀτρεῖ καταλιπεῖν, τὸν δὲ Ἀτρέα Θυέστῃ, παρὰ Θυέστου δὲ ἔχειν Ἀγαμέμνονα·
Of the gods, the Chaeroneans honor most the sceptre which Homer says Hephaestus made for Zeus, and Hermes, having received it from Zeus, gave to Pelops, and Pelops left it to Atreus, and Atreus to Thyestes, and Agamemnon had it from Thyestes.
τοῦτο οὖν τὸ σκῆπτρον σέβουσι, Δόρυ ὀνομάζοντες.
This sceptre, then, they worship, calling it a Spear.
καὶ εἶναι μέν τι θειότερον οὐχ ἥκιστα δηλοῖ τὸ ἐς τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ἐπιφανὲς ἐξ αὐτοῦ· §9.40.12φασὶ δʼ ἐπὶ τοῖς ὅροις αὐτῶν καὶ Πανοπέων τῶν ἐν τῇ Φωκίδι εὑρεθῆναι, σὺν δὲ αὐτῷ καὶ χρυσὸν εὕρασθαι τοὺς Φωκεῖς, σφίσι δὲ ἀσμένοις ἀντὶ χρυσοῦ γενέσθαι τὸ σκῆπτρον.
And that there is something more divine about it is shown not least by the glory that shines from it upon men; for they say it was found on the borders of themselves and the Panopeans in Phocis, and that together with it the Phocians found gold, but they themselves were glad to have the sceptre instead of gold.
κομισθῆναι δὲ αὐτὸ ἐς τὴν Φωκίδα ὑπὸ Ἠλέκτρας τῆς Ἀγαμέμνονος πείθομαι.
And I believe it was carried to Phocis by Electra, the daughter of Agamemnon.
ναὸς δὲ οὐκ ἔστιν αὐτῷ δημοσίᾳ πεποιημένος, ἀλλὰ κατὰ ἔτος ἕκαστον ὁ ἱερώμενος ἐν οἰκήματι ἔχει τὸ σκῆπτρον· καί οἱ θυσίαι ἀνὰ πᾶσαν ἡμέραν θύονται, καὶ τράπεζα παράκειται παντοδαπῶν κρεῶν καὶ πεμμάτων πλήρης.
No temple has been built for it publicly, but each year the one who is priest keeps the sceptre in his house; and sacrifices are offered to it every day, and a table stands beside it full of all kinds of meats and cakes.