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Pausanias · Description of Greece §9.37.1-9.37.8

Reign of Erginus and Tale of Trophonius and Agamedes

Passage 404 of 465 · Greek

Summary

After the line of Almus ends, the rule passes to the family of Clymenus, whose son Erginus amasses wealth after a conflict with Heracles. Following an oracle, he fathers Trophonius and Agamedes, who become famed builders but meet a tragic end due to a theft in the treasury of Hyrieus.

§9.37.1ἔδει δὲ ἄρα παυσθῆναι καὶ τὸ Ἄλμου γένος· οὐχ ὑπολείπεται γὰρ παῖδα Ὀρχομενός, καὶ οὕτως ἐς Κλύμενον τὸν Πρέσβωνος τοῦ Φρίξου περιῆλθεν ἡ ἀρχή.
But it was destined, as it seems, for the family of Almus also to come to an end; for Orchomenus left no child, and thus the rule devolved upon Clymenus, the son of Presbon, the son of Phrixus.
Κλυμένου δὲ γίνονται παῖδες, πρεσβύτατος μὲν Ἐργῖνος, ἐπὶ δὲ αὐτῷ Στράτιος καὶ Ἄρρων καὶ Πύλεος, νεώτατος δὲ Ἀζεύς.
To Clymenus were born children: the eldest was Erginus, and after him Stratius, Arron, and Pyleus, and the youngest was Azeus.
Κλύμενον μὲν ἐν τῇ ἑορτῇ τοῦ Ὀγχηστίου Ποσειδῶνος Θηβαίων φονεύουσιν ἄνδρες ἐξ ἀφορμῆς μικρᾶς ἐς ἅπαν θυμοῦ προαχθέντες· Ἐργῖνος δὲ ὁ πρεσβύτατος τῶν Κλυμένου παίδων τὴν βασιλείαν παραλαμβάνει.
Clymenus was murdered during the festival of Onchestian Poseidon by men of the Thebans, who had been provoked to utter anger from a trivial cause; and Erginus, the eldest of the children of Clymenus, received the kingship.
§9.37.2δύναμιν δὲ αὐτίκα αὐτός τε καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ συλλέξαντες ἦλθον ἐπὶ τὰς Θήβας· καὶ μάχῃ μὲν ἐκράτησαν, τὸ δὲ ἀπὸ τούτου χωροῦσιν ἐς ὁμολογίαν Θηβαίους κατὰ ἔτος ἕκαστον τελεῖν δασμὸν τοῦ Κλυμένου φόνου.
And having immediately gathered a force, both he himself and his brothers marched against Thebes; and they conquered in battle, and after this they came to an agreement that the Thebans should pay an annual tribute for the murder of Clymenus.
Ἡρακλέους δὲ ἐπιτραφέντος ἐν Θήβαις, οὕτω τοῦ δασμοῦ τε ἠλευθερώθησαν οἱ Θηβαῖοι καὶ οἱ Μινύαι μεγάλως τῷ πολέμῳ προσέπταισαν· §9.37.3Ἐργῖνος δὲ ἅτε κεκακωμένων ἐς τὸ ἔσχατον τῶν πολιτῶν πρὸς μὲν τὸν Ἡρακλέα ἐποιήσατο εἰρήνην, πλοῦτον δὲ τὸν πρότερον καὶ εὐδαιμονίαν ἐκείνην ἀνασώσασθαι ζητῶν ἠμέλησεν ἁπάντων ὁμοίως τῶν ἄλλων, ὥστε καὶ ἔλαθεν ἄγαμος καὶ ἄπαις ἀφικόμενος ἐς γῆρας.
But when Heracles was brought up in Thebes, the Thebans were thus freed from the tribute, and the Minyae suffered a great setback in the war; and Erginus, since his citizens were reduced to the last extremity, made peace indeed with Heracles, but seeking to recover their former wealth and that ancient prosperity, he neglected all other things alike, so that he even reached old age without realizing it, unmarried and childless.
ὡς δὲ αὐτῷ χρήματα συνείλεκτο, ἐνταῦθα ἐπεθύμησέν οἱ γενέσθαι παῖδας· §9.37.4ἐλθόντι δὲ ἐς Δελφοὺς καὶ ἐρομένῳ περὶ παίδων χρᾷ τάδε ἡ Πυθία· " Ἐργῖνε Κλυμένοιο πάι Πρεσβωνιάδαο, ὄψʼ ἦλθες γενεὴν διζήμενος, ἀλλʼ ἔτι καὶ νῦν ἱστοβοῆι γέροντι νέην ποτίβαλλε κορώνην.
But when wealth had been accumulated by him, he then desired that children should be born to him; and when he went to Delphi and inquired about children, the Pythia gave this oracle: "Erginus, son of Clymenus, descendant of Presbon, late have you come seeking offspring, but even now put a new tip to the old plough-pole.
" λαβόντι δὲ αὐτῷ νέαν γυναῖκα κατὰ τὸ μάντευμα Τροφώνιος γίνεται καὶ Ἀγαμήδης.
"When he took a young wife according to the oracle, Trophonius and Agamedes were born to him.
§9.37.5λέγεται δὲ ὁ Τροφώνιος Ἀπόλλωνος εἶναι καὶ οὐκ Ἐργίνου· καὶ ἐγώ τε πείθομαι καὶ ὅστις παρὰ Τροφώνιον ἦλθε δὴ μαντευσόμενος.
But Trophonius is said to be the son of Apollo and not of Erginus; and I believe this, as does anyone who has indeed gone to consult the oracle of Trophonius.
τούτους φασίν, ὡς ηὐξήθησαν, γενέσθαι δεινοὺς θεοῖς τε ἱερὰ κατασκευάσασθαι καὶ βασίλεια ἀνθρώποις· καὶ γὰρ τῷ Ἀπόλλωνι τὸν ναὸν ᾠκοδόμησαν τὸν ἐν Δελφοῖς καὶ Ὑριεῖ τὸν θησαυρόν.
These men, they say, when they grew up, became skilled at building sanctuaries for gods and palaces for men; for they built the temple for Apollo at Delphi and the treasury for Hyrieus.
ἐποίησαν δὲ ἐνταῦθα τῶν λίθων ἕνα εἶναί σφισιν ἀφαιρεῖν κατὰ τὸ ἐκτός· καὶ οἱ μὲν ἀεί τι ἀπὸ τῶν τιθεμένων ἐλάμβανον· Ὑριεὺς δὲ εἴχετο ἀφασίᾳ, κλεῖς μὲν καὶ σημεῖα τὰ ἄλλα ὁρῶν ἀκίνητα, τὸν δὲ ἀριθμὸν ἀεὶ τῶν χρημάτων ἐλάττονα.
And there they made one of the stones so that it was possible for them to remove it from the outside; and they were always taking away something from what had been deposited; and Hyrieus was possessed with speechless amazement, seeing the keys and other seals undisturbed, but the amount of money constantly growing less.
§9.37.6ἵστησιν οὖν ὑπὲρ τῶν ἀγγείων, ἐν οἷς ὅ τε ἄργυρος ἐνῆν καὶ ὁ χρυσός οἱ, πάγας ἤ τι καὶ ἄλλο ὃ τὸν ἐσελθόντα καὶ ἁπτόμενον τῶν χρημάτων καθέξειν ἔμελλεν.
So he set over the vessels in which his silver and gold were kept, traps or some other thing which was destined to catch anyone who entered and touched the money.
ἐσελθόντος δὲ τοῦ Ἀγαμήδους τὸν μὲν ὁ δεσμὸς κατεῖχε, Τροφώνιος δὲ ἀπέτεμεν αὐτοῦ τὴν κεφαλήν, ὅπως μὴ ἡμέρας ἐπισχούσης ἐκεῖνος γένοιτο ἐν αἰκίαις καὶ αὐτὸς μηνυθείη μετέχων τοῦ τολμήματος.
When Agamedes entered, the trap held him; and Trophonius cut off his head, so that when day broke Agamedes might not be put to torture and he himself be denounced as sharing in the daring deed.
§9.37.7καὶ Τροφώνιον μὲν ἐνταῦθα ἐδέξατο ἡ γῆ διαστᾶσα, ἔνθα ἐστὶν ἐν τῷ ἄλσει τῷ ἐν Λεβαδείᾳ βόθρος τε Ἀγαμήδους καλούμενος καὶ πρὸς αὐτῷ στήλη·
And there the earth opened and received Trophonius, where in the grove at Lebadeia is what is called the pit of Agamedes, and beside it a gravestone.
τὴν δὲ ἀρχὴν τῶν Ὀρχομενίων ἔσχεν Ἀσκάλαφος καὶ Ἰάλμενος Ἄρεως εἶναι λεγόμενοι, μητρὸς δὲ Ἀστυόχης ἦσαν τῆς Ἄκτορος τοῦ Ἀζέως τοῦ Κλυμένου· καὶ ὑπὸ τούτοις ἡγεμόσι Μινύαι στρατεύουσιν ἐς Τροίαν.
And the rule over the Orchomenians was held by Ascalaphus and Ialmenus, who were said to be the sons of Ares, and their mother was Astyoche, the daughter of Actor, the son of Azeus, the son of Clymenus; and under these leaders the Minyae marched against Troy.
§9.37.8μετέσχον Ὀρχομένιοι καὶ τοῖς Κόδρου παισὶν ἐς Ἰωνίαν τοῦ στόλου.
The Orchomenians also took part in the expedition to Ionia with the children of Codrus.
γενομένους δὲ ἀναστάτους ὑπὸ Θηβαίων κατήγαγεν αὖθις ἐς Ὀρχομενὸν Φίλιππος ὁ Ἀμύντου·
After they were driven out by the Thebans, Philip, the son of Amyntas, restored them again to Orchomenus.
τὰ δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ δαιμονίου σφίσιν ἐς τὸ ἀσθενέστερον ἔμελλεν ἀεὶ ῥέψειν.
But their fortunes from the divine power were destined to always incline toward weakness.

Notes

  1. §9.37.3ἔλαθεν ἄγαμος καὶ ἄπαις ἀφικόμενος — The verb `λανθάνω` in the indicative past (`ἔλαθεν`) is constructed with the nominative participle `ἀφικόμενος` to mean 'he reached... without realizing it' or 'escaped his own notice in arriving.' The adjectives `ἄγαμος καὶ ἄπαις` agree with the subject in the nominative case.
  2. §9.37.4Πρεσβωνιάδαο — A Homeric genitive form (-αο) of the patronymic suffix `-ιάδης`, meaning 'descendant of Presbon.' Since Clymenus was the father of Erginus and Presbon was his grandfather, the patronymic is used poetically to indicate a generic 'descendant of Presbon' rather than a direct son.
  3. §9.37.5εἶναί σφισιν ἀφαιρεῖν — The infinitive `εἶναι` serves as the object of `ἐποίησαν` ('they made it so'), which is then further qualified by the epexegetic (explanatory) infinitive `ἀφαιρεῖν` ('to remove'). The dative pronoun `σφισιν` indicates the agent for whom the action is possible ('for themselves to remove').

Cite this passage

Pausanias, Description of Greece §9.37.1-9.37.8. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:9.37.1-9.37.8

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