§9.27.1θεῶν δὲ οἱ Θεσπιεῖς τιμῶσιν Ἔρωτα μάλιστα ἐξ ἀρχῆς, καί σφισιν ἄγαλμα παλαιότατόν ἐστιν ἀργὸς λίθος.
Among the gods, the Thespians worship Eros most from the beginning, and they have a very ancient statue of him made of uncarved stone.
ὅστις δὲ ὁ καταστησάμενος Θεσπιεῦσιν Ἔρωτα θεῶν σέβεσθαι μάλιστα, οὐκ οἶδα.
Who it was that established for the Thespians to worship Eros most of the gods, I do not know.
σέβονται δὲ οὐδέν τι ἧσσον καὶ Ἑλλησποντίων Παριανοί, τὸ μὲν ἀνέκαθεν ἐξ Ἰωνίας καὶ Ἐρυθρῶν ἀπῳκισμένοι, τὰ δὲ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν τελοῦντες ἐς Ῥωμαίους.
The Parianoi on the Hellespont worship him no less, who were originally colonists from Ionia and Erythrae, but in our time are subject to the Romans.
§9.27.2Ἔρωτα δὲ ἄνθρωποι μὲν οἱ πολλοὶ νεώτατον θεῶν εἶναι καὶ Ἀφροδίτης παῖδα ἥγηνται· Λύκιος δὲ Ὠλήν, ὃς καὶ τοὺς ὕμνους τοὺς ἀρχαιοτάτους ἐποίησεν Ἕλλησιν, οὗτος ὁ Ὠλὴν ἐν Εἰλειθυίας ὕμνῳ μητέρα Ἔρωτος τὴν Εἰλείθυιάν φησιν εἶναι.
Most men believe Eros to be the youngest of the gods and the son of Aphrodite; but Lycian Olen, who also composed the oldest hymns for the Greeks, says in his hymn to Eileithyia that Eileithyia is the mother of Eros.
Ὠλῆνος δὲ ὕστερον Πάμφως τε ἔπη καὶ Ὀρφεὺς ἐποίησαν· καί σφισιν ἀμφοτέροις πεποιημένα ἐστὶν ἐς Ἔρωτα, ἵνα ἐπὶ τοῖς δρωμένοις Λυκομίδαι καὶ ταῦτα ᾄδωσιν· ἐγὼ δὲ ἐπελεξάμην ἀνδρὶ ἐς λόγους ἐλθὼν δᾳδουχοῦντι.
After Olen, Pamphos and Orpheus composed poems; and both of them have compositions on Eros, so that the Lycomidae may sing them at the rites; and I read them after coming into conversation with a man who was a torch-bearer.
καὶ τῶν μὲν οὐ πρόσω ποιήσομαι μνήμην· Ἡσίοδον δὲ ἢ τὸν Ἡσιόδῳ Θεογονίαν ἐσποιήσαντα οἶδα γράψαντα ὡς Χάος πρῶτον, ἐπὶ δὲ αὐτῷ Γῆ τε καὶ Τάρταρος καὶ Ἔρως γένοιτο·
I shall make no further mention of these; but I know that Hesiod, or the one who inserted the Theogony into Hesiod's work, wrote that Chaos came first, and after it Earth and Tartarus and Eros were born.
§9.27.3Σαπφὼ δὲ ἡ Λεσβία πολλά τε καὶ οὐχ ὁμολογοῦντα ἀλλήλοις ἐς Ἔρωτα ᾖσε.
Sappho of Lesbos sang many things about Eros that do not agree with one another.
Θεσπιεῦσι δὲ ὕστερον χαλκοῦν εἰργάσατο Ἔρωτα Λύσιππος, καὶ ἔτι πρότερον τούτου Πραξιτέλης λίθου τοῦ Πεντελῆσι.
Later, Lysippus made a bronze Eros for the Thespians, and even before this Praxiteles made one of Pentelic marble.
καὶ ὅσα μὲν εἶχεν ἐς Φρύνην καὶ τὸ ἐπὶ Πραξιτέλει τῆς γυναικὸς σόφισμα, ἑτέρωθι ἤδη μοι δεδήλωται· πρῶτον δὲ τὸ ἄγαλμα κινῆσαι τοῦ Ἔρωτος λέγουσι Γάιον δυναστεύσαντα ἐν Ῥώμῃ, Κλαυδίου δὲ ὀπίσω Θεσπιεῦσιν ἀποπέμψαντος Νέρωνα αὖθις δεύτερα ἀνάσπαστον ποιῆσαι.
All that related to Phryne and the woman's trick on Praxiteles has already been shown by me elsewhere; and they say that Gaius, who ruled in Rome, was the first to move the statue of Eros, and that after Claudius sent it back to the Thespians, Nero again carried it off for the second time.
§9.27.4καὶ τὸν μὲν φλὸξ αὐτόθι διέφθειρε· τῶν δὲ ἀσεβησάντων ἐς τὸν θεὸν ὁ μὲν ἀνθρώπῳ στρατιώτῃ διδοὺς ἀεὶ τὸ αὐτὸ σύνθημα μετὰ ὑπούλου χλευασίας ἐς τοσοῦτο προήγαγε θυμοῦ τὸν ἄνθρωπον ὥστε σύνθημα διδόντα αὐτὸν διεργάζεται, Νέρωνι δὲ παρὲξ ἢ τὰ ἐς τὴν μητέρα ἐστὶ καὶ ἐς γυναῖκας γαμετὰς ἐναγῆ τε καὶ ἀνέραστα τολμήματα.
And the flame destroyed it there; of those who committed impiety against the god, the one, by always giving the same watchword to a soldier with an underhand mockery, provoked the man to such anger that when giving the watchword he dispatched him, while for Nero, besides what relates to his mother, impious and unlovely outrages were committed against his wedded wives.
τὸν δὲ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν Ἔρωτα ἐν Θεσπιαῖς ἐποίησεν Ἀθηναῖος Μηνόδωρος, τὸ ἔργον τὸ Πραξιτέλους μιμούμενος.
The Eros in Thespiae in our time was made by Athenian Menodorus, imitating the work of Praxiteles.
§9.27.5ἐνταῦθα καὶ αὐτοῦ Πραξιτέλους Ἀφροδίτη καὶ Φρύνης ἐστὶν εἰκών, λίθου καὶ ἡ Φρύνη καὶ ἡ θεός.
Here also is a statue of Aphrodite by Praxiteles himself and a portrait of Phryne, both Phryne and the goddess being of marble.
ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἑτέρωθι Ἀφροδίτης Μελαινίδος ἱερὸν καὶ θέατρόν τε καὶ ἀγορὰ θέας ἄξια· ἐνταῦθα Ἡσίοδος ἀνάκειται χαλκοῦς.
There is also elsewhere a sanctuary of Black Aphrodite, and a theater and an agora worthy of a visit; here Hesiod stands in bronze.
τῆς ἀγορᾶς οὐ πόρρω Νίκη τε χαλκοῦ καὶ ναὸς Μουσῶν ἐστιν οὐ μέγας· ἀγάλματα δὲ ἐν αὐτῷ μικρὰ λίθου πεποιημένα.
Not far from the agora is a bronze Nike and a small temple of the Muses; and in it are small statues made of stone.
§9.27.6καὶ Ἡρακλέους Θεσπιεῦσίν ἐστιν ἱερόν· ἱερᾶται δὲ αὐτοῦ παρθένος, ἔστʼ ἂν ἐπιλάβῃ τὸ χρεὼν αὐτήν.
And the Thespians have a sanctuary of Heracles; a virgin serves as his priestess until death takes her.
αἴτιον δὲ τούτου φασὶν εἶναι τοιόνδε, Ἡρακλέα ταῖς θυγατράσι πεντήκοντα οὔσαις ταῖς Θεστίου συγγενέσθαι πάσαις πλὴν μιᾶς ἐν τῇ αὐτῇ νυκτί· ταύτην δὲ οὐκ ἐθελῆσαί οἱ τὴν μίαν μιχθῆναι· τὸν δὲ ὑβρισθῆναι νομίζοντα δικάσαι μένειν παρθένον πάντα αὐτὴν τὸν βίον ἱερωμένην αὐτῷ.
They say the reason for this is as follows: that Heracles associated with all fifty daughters of Thestius except one in the same night; and that this one refused to unite with him; and he, thinking himself insulted, sentenced her to remain a virgin for all her life, serving as his priestess.
§9.27.7ἐγὼ δὲ ἤκουσα μὲν καὶ ἄλλον λόγον, ὡς διὰ πασῶν ὁ Ἡρακλῆς τῶν Θεστίου παρθένων διεξέλθοι τῇ αὐτῇ νυκτὶ καὶ ὡς ἄρσενας παῖδας αὐτῷ πᾶσαι τέκοιεν, διδύμους δὲ ἥ τε νεωτάτη καὶ ἡ πρεσβυτάτη· ἐκεῖνο δὲ οὐκ ἔστιν ὅπως ἡγήσομαι πιστόν, Ἡρακλέα ἐπὶ τοσοῦτο ὀργῆς ἀνδρὸς φίλου θυγατρὶ ἀφικέσθαι· πρὸς δὲ καὶ ἡνίκα ἔτι ἦν μετʼ ἀνθρώπων, τιμωρούμενός τε ἄλλους ὑβρίζοντας καὶ μάλιστα ὅσοι θεῶν ἀσεβεῖς ἦσαν, οὐκ ἂν αὐτός γε κατεστήσατο αὑτῷ ναόν τε καὶ ἱέρειαν ὥσπερ δὴ θεός.
I also heard another story, that Heracles went through all the daughters of Thestius in the same night, and that all bore him male children, the youngest and the oldest bearing twins; but I cannot possibly believe that Heracles reached such a point of anger against the daughter of a friend; and besides, while he was still among men, punishing others who were insolent and especially those who were impious to the gods, he himself would not have established a temple and a priestess for himself as if he were a god.
§9.27.8ἀλλὰ γὰρ ἐφαίνετό μοι τὸ ἱερὸν τοῦτο ἀρχαιότερον ἢ κατὰ Ἡρακλέα εἶναι τὸν Ἀμφιτρύωνος, καὶ Ἡρακλέους τοῦ καλουμένου τῶν Ἰδαίων Δακτύλων, οὗ δὴ καὶ Ἐρυθραίους τοὺς ἐν Ἰωνίᾳ καὶ Τυρίους ἱερὰ ἔχοντας εὕρισκον.
But in fact this sanctuary seemed to me to be older than the time of Heracles the son of Amphitryon, and to belong to the Heracles called one of the Idaean Dactyls, of whom indeed I found that the Erythraeans in Ionia and the Tyrians have sanctuaries.
οὐ μὴν οὐδὲ οἱ Βοιωτοὶ τοῦ Ἡρακλέους ἠγνόουν τοῦτο τὸ ὄνομα, ὅπου γε αὐτοὶ τῆς Μυκαλησσίας Δήμητρος Ἡρακλεῖ τῷ Ἰδαίῳ τὸ ἱερὸν ἐπιτετράφθαι λέγουσιν.
Moreover, the Boeotians were not ignorant of this name of Heracles, since they themselves say that the sanctuary of Mycalessian Demeter has been entrusted to the Idaean Heracles.