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Pausanias · Description of Greece §8.25.7-8.25.13

The Legend of Arion and Shrines along the Ladon

Passage 331 of 465 · Greek

Summary

The author examines the myths regarding Demeter's daughter and the horse Arion using poetic testimonies, details the shrines along the Ladon River, and refutes the claim that the Homeric islands were situated within it.

§8.25.7τὸ μὲν δὴ τῆς Ἐρινύος τήν τε κίστην καλουμένην ἔχει καὶ ἐν τῇ δεξιᾷ δᾷδα, μέγεθος δὲ εἰκάζομεν ἐννέα εἶναι ποδῶν αὐτήν· ἡ Λουσία δὲ ποδῶν ἓξ ἐφαίνετο εἶναι.
The image of Erinys holds the so-called cista and a torch in her right hand, and we estimate her height to be nine feet; on the other hand, the image of Lousia appeared to be six feet.
ὅσοι δὲ Θέμιδος καὶ οὐ Δήμητρος τῆς Λουσίας τὸ ἄγαλμα εἶναι νομίζουσι, μάταια ἴστωσαν ὑπειληφότες.
Let those who believe the image to be of Themis and not of Demeter Lousia know that their assumption is in vain.
τὴν δὲ Δήμητρα τεκεῖν φασιν ἐκ τοῦ Ποσειδῶνος θυγατέρα, ἧς τὸ ὄνομα ἐς ἀτελέστους λέγειν οὐ νομίζουσι, καὶ ἵππον τὸν Ἀρείονα· ἐπὶ τούτῳ δὲ παρὰ σφίσιν Ἀρκάδων πρώτοις Ἵππιον Ποσειδῶνα ὀνομασθῆναι.
And they say that Demeter bore from Poseidon a daughter, whose name they do not think it lawful to speak to the uninitiated, and the horse Arion; and that because of this, Poseidon was named Hippios among them, the first of the Arcadians.
§8.25.8ἐπάγονται δὲ ἐξ Ἰλιάδος ἔπη καὶ ἐκ Θηβαΐδος μαρτύριά σφισιν εἶναι τῷ λόγῳ, ἐν μὲν Ἰλιάδι ἐς αὐτὸν Ἀρείονα πεποιῆσθαι, " οὐδʼ εἴ κεν μετόπισθεν Ἀρείονα δῖον ἐλαύνοι, Ἀδρήστου ταχὺν ἵππον, ὃς ἐκ θεόφιν γένος ἦεν·
They adduce verses from the Iliad and from the Thebaid as testimonies for their account; in the Iliad, it has been written concerning Arion himself: "Not even if from behind one should drive divine Arion, the swift horse of Adrastus, who was of divine descent.
" ἐν δὲ τῇ Θηβαΐδι ὡς Ἄδραστος ἔφευγεν ἐκ Θηβῶν " εἵματα λυγρὰ φέρων σὺν Ἀρείονι κυανοχαίτῃ.
"And in the Thebaid, how Adrastus fled from Thebes: "Wearing sad garments with black-maned Arion.
" αἰνίσσεσθαι οὖν ἐθέλουσι τὰ ἔπη Ποσειδῶνα Ἀρείονι εἶναι πατέρα, Ἀντίμαχος δὲ παῖδα εἶναι Γῆς φησιν· §8.25.9" Ἄδρηστος Ταλαὼ υἱὸς Κρηθηιάδαο πρώτιστος Δαναῶν ἑὼ αἰνέτω ἤλασεν ἵππω, Καιρόν τε κραιπνὸν καὶ Ἀρείονα Θελπουσαῖον, τόν ῥά τʼ Ἀπόλλωνος σχεδὸν ἄλσεος Ὀγκαίοιο αὐτὴ Γαῖʼ ἀνέδωκε, σέβας θνητοῖσιν ἰδέσθαι. "
"Therefore, the verses wish to hint that Poseidon is the father of Arion, but Antimachus says that he is a child of Gaia, saying: "Adrastus, son of Talaus, descendant of Cretheus, was the very first of the Danaans to drive his praised horses, swift Caerus and Thelpusian Arion, whom near the grove of Apollo Onceius Gaia herself brought forth, a wonder for mortals to behold.
§8.25.10δύναιτο δʼ ἂν καὶ ἀναφύντι ἐκ γῆς τῷ ἵππῳ ἐκ θεοῦ τε εἶναι τὸ γένος καὶ αἱ τρίχες οἱ τὴν χρόαν ἐοικέναι κυανῷ.
"But it would be possible, even for a horse that grew up from the earth, both to have its descent from a god and for its hair to resemble black in color.
λέγεται δὲ καὶ τοιάδε, Ἡρακλέα πολεμοῦντα Ἠλείοις αἰτῆσαι παρʼ Ὄγκου τὸν ἵππον καὶ ἑλεῖν τὴν Ἦλιν ἐπὶ τῷ Ἀρείονι ὀχούμενον ἐς τὰς μάχας, δοθῆναι δὲ ὑπὸ Ἡρακλέους ὕστερον Ἀδράστῳ τὸν ἵππον.
And the following is also said: that Heracles, when making war against the Eleans, asked Oncus for the horse, and took Elis riding on Arion into battles, and that the horse was given later by Heracles to Adrastus.
ἐπὶ τούτῳ δὲ ἐς τὸν Ἀρείονα ἐποίησεν Ἀντίμαχος " ὅς ῥά ποτʼ Ἀδρήστῳ τριτάτῳ δέδμηθʼ ὑπʼ ἄνακτι. "
With reference to this, Antimachus wrote concerning Arion: "Who indeed was once subdued under his third master, Adrastus.
§8.25.11ὁ δὲ Λάδων τῆς Ἐρινύος τὸ ἱερὸν ἀπολιπὼν ἐν ἀριστερᾷ, παρέξεισιν ἐν ἀριστερᾷ μὲν τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος τοῦ Ὀγκαιάτου τὸν ναόν, τὰ δὲ ἐν δεξιᾷ παρὰ Ἀσκληπιοῦ Παιδὸς ἱερόν, ἔνθα Τρυγόνος μνῆμά ἐστι· τροφὸν δὲ Ἀσκληπιοῦ τὴν Τρυγόνα εἶναι λέγουσιν·
"Now the Ladon, leaving the temple of Erinys on the left, will pass by the temple of Apollo Onceiates on the left, and on the right past the temple of Asclepius the Child, where there is the tomb of Trygon; and they say Trygon was the nurse of Asclepius.
ἐν γὰρ τῇ Θελπούσῃ τῷ Ἀσκληπιῷ παιδὶ ἐκκειμένῳ φασὶν ἐπιτυχόντα Αὐτόλαον Ἀρκάδος υἱὸν νόθον ἀνελέσθαι τὸ παιδίον, καὶ ἐπὶ τούτῳ παῖδα Ἀσκληπιὸν εἰκότα εἶναι μᾶλλον ἡγούμην, ὃ καὶ ἐδήλωσα ἐν τοῖς Ἐπιδαυρίων.
For they say that in Thelpusa, Autolaus, the bastard son of Arcas, happening upon Asclepius who had been exposed as a child, took up the infant; and because of this, I thought it more probable that Asclepius is represented as a child, which indeed I showed in my account of the Epidaurians.
§8.25.12ἔστι δὲ Τουθόα ποταμός· ἐμβάλλει δὲ ἐς τὸν Λάδωνα καὶ ἡ Τουθόα κατὰ τὸν Θελπουσίων ὅρον πρὸς Ἡραιεῖς, καλούμενον δὲ ὑπὸ Ἀρκάδων Πεδίον.
And there is a river Touthoa; and the Touthoa also empties into the Ladon at the boundary of the Thelpusians toward the Heraeans, a place called "Pedion" by the Arcadians.
καθότι δὲ αὐτὸς ὁ Λάδων ἐκδίδωσιν ἐς τὸν Ἀλφειόν, Κοράκων ὠνόμασται νᾶσος.
And where the Ladon itself discharges into the Alpheus, it is named Coracon Nesos.
οἱ δὲ ἥγηνται τὴν Ἐνίσπην καὶ Στρατίην τε καὶ Ῥίπην τὰς ὑπὸ Ὁμήρου κατειλεγμένας γενέσθαι νήσους ποτὲ ἐν τῷ Λάδωνι ὑπὸ ἀνθρώπων οἰκουμένας, ἃ οἱ πεπιστευκότες μάταια ἴστωσαν·
Some have thought that Enispe, Stratia, and Rhipe, which were enumerated by Homer, were once islands in the Ladon inhabited by men; but let those who have believed this know that they are mistaken.
§8.25.13οὐ γὰρ ἄν ποτε οὐδὲ νηὶ παρισουμένας πορθμίδι παράσχοιτο ὁ Λάδων νήσους.
For the Ladon could never produce islands equal even to a ferry-boat.
κάλλους μὲν γὰρ ἕνεκα οὐδενὸς ποταμῶν δεύτερος οὔτε τῶν βαρβαρικῶν ἐστιν οὔτε Ἕλληνος, μέγεθος δὲ οὐ τοσοῦτος ὡς ἐν αὐτῷ καὶ νήσους ἀναφαίνεσθαι καθάπερ ἐν Ἴστρῳ τε καὶ Ἠριδανῷ.
Indeed, for the sake of beauty it is second to no river, neither of the barbarian ones nor of the Greek, but in size it is not so great as to allow islands to appear in it, as in the Ister and the Eridanus.

Notes

  1. 8.25.7τὸ μὲν δὴ τῆς Ἐρινύος — Ellipsis of a noun. The neuter singular definite article τό is understood with the singular noun ἄγαλma (image), supplied from the plural ἀγάλματα in the preceding §8.25.6, meaning 'the image of Erinys'.
  2. 8.25.7ἧς τὸ ὄνομα ἐς ἀτελέστους λέγειν οὐ νομίζουσι — Relative clause and infinitive. The genitive relative pronoun ἧς refers back to the antecedent θυγατέρα, and τὸ ὄνομα is the accusative object of λέγειν. The subject of λέγειν is the same as that of νομίζουσι (the Thelpusians), and the prepositional phrase ἐς ἀτελέστους means 'to the uninitiated'.
  3. 8.25.8ἐπάγονται δὲ ἐξ Ἰλιάδος ἔπη ... μαρτύριά σφισιν εἶναι τῷ λόγῳ — Apposition or predicative accusative. The direct object of the verb ἐπάγονται (adduce/bring in) is ἔπη, and μαρτύρια functions as a predicative accusative or in apposition, meaning 'they adduce verses to be testimonies (μαρτύρια) for their account (τῷ λόγῳ)'. The infinitive εἶναι reinforces this relationship.
  4. 8.25.10δύναιτο δʼ ἂν ... ἐκ θεοῦ τε εἶναι τὸ γένος — Potential construction and dative. δύναιτο ἂν expresses potentiality. The dative phrase ἀναφύντι ἐκ γῆς τῷ ἵππῳ functions as a dative of possessor/existence, serving as the logical subject of the infinitive clause εἶναι τὸ γένος (that its descent is from a god).
  5. 8.25.12ἃ οἱ πεπιστευκότες μάταια ἴστωσαν — Relative pronoun object and imperative. The neuter plural relative pronoun ἃ refers back to the preceding statement and functions as the direct object of the participle οἱ πεπιστευκότες (those who have believed). ἴστωσαν is the third-person plural imperative of οἶδα (know).

Cite this passage

Pausanias, Description of Greece §8.25.7-8.25.13. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:8.25.7-8.25.13

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