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Pausanias · Description of Greece §6.11.1-6.11.9

Life of Theagenes of Thasos and Fate of His Statue

Passage 237 of 465 · Greek

Summary

The anecdotes of Theagenes of Thasos, who was prominent in the Olympic and other games, are narrated, including his legendary birth, his lifting of a statue, the posthumous incident of his statue, and its recovery and dedication following a Delphic oracle.

§6.11.1ἐφεξῆς τούτων ἀναθήματά ἐστιν Ἠλείων, Φίλιππος ὁ Ἀμύντου καὶ Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Φιλίππου καὶ Σέλευκός τε καὶ Ἀντίγονος· τοῖς μὲν δὴ ἐφʼ ἵππων, Ἀντιγόνῳ δὲ ἀνὴρ πεζός ἐστιν ἡ εἰκών.
Next to these are the dedications of the Eleans: Philip the son of Amyntas, Alexander the son of Philip, and both Seleucus and Antigonus; for the former indeed, their images are on horseback, but for Antigonus, the image is a man on foot.
§6.11.2τῶν δὲ βασιλέων τῶν εἰρημένων ἕστηκεν οὐ πόρρω Θεαγένης ὁ Τιμοσθένους Θάσιος· Θάσιοι δὲ οὐ Τιμοσθένους παῖδα εἶναι Θεαγένην φασίν, ἀλλὰ ἱερᾶσθαι μὲν Ἡρακλεῖ τὸν Τιμοσθένην Θασίῳ, τοῦ Θεαγένους δὲ τῇ μητρὶ Ἡρακλέους συγγενέσθαι φάσμα ἐοικὸς Τιμοσθένει.
Not far from the mentioned kings stands Theagenes, the son of Timosthenes, a Thasian; and the Thasians say that Theagenes was not the son of Timosthenes, but that while Timosthenes was priest of the Thasian Heracles, a phantom resembling Timosthenes associated with the mother of Theagenes.
ἔνατόν τε δὴ ἔτος εἶναι τῷ παιδὶ καὶ αὐτὸν ἀπὸ τῶν διδασκάλων φασὶν ἐς τὴν οἰκίαν ἐρχόμενον ἄγαλμα ὅτου δὴ θεῶν ἀνακείμενον ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ χαλκοῦν—χαίρειν γὰρ τῷ ἀγάλματι αὐτόν—, ἀνασπάσαι τε δὴ τὸ ἄγαλμα καὶ ἐπὶ τὸν ἕτερον τῶν ὤμων ἀναθέμενον ἐνεγκεῖν παρʼ αὑτόν.
And they say that when the boy was in his ninth year, as he was going home from his teachers, he pulled up a bronze statue of some god or other which was dedicated in the marketplace—for he delighted in the statue—and having placed it upon one of his shoulders, he carried it to his own home.
§6.11.3ἐχόντων δὲ ὀργὴν ἐς αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τῷ πεποιημένῳ τῶν πολιτῶν, ἀνήρ τις αὐτῶν δόκιμος καὶ ἡλικίᾳ προήκων ἀποκτεῖναι μὲν σφᾶς τὸν παῖδα οὐκ ἐᾷ, ἐκεῖνον δὲ ἐκέλευσεν ἐκ τῆς οἰκίας αὖθις κομίσαι τὸ ἄγαλμα ἐς τὴν ἀγοράν· ὡς δὲ ἤνεγκε, μέγα αὐτίκα ἦν κλέος τοῦ παιδὸς ἐπὶ ἰσχύι, καὶ τὸ ἔργον ἀνὰ πᾶσαν ἐβεβόητο τὴν Ἑλλάδα.
And when the citizens were angry with him for what he had done, a certain distinguished man among them, who was advanced in age, did not allow them to kill the boy, but ordered him to carry the statue back from his house to the marketplace; and when he carried it back, there was immediately great fame of the boy for his strength, and the deed was celebrated throughout all Greece.
§6.11.4ὅσα μὲν δὴ ἔργων τῶν Θεαγένους ἐς τὸν ἀγῶνα ἥκει τὸν Ὀλυμπικόν, προεδήλωσεν ὁ λόγος ἤδη μοι τὰ δοκιμώτατα ἐξ αὐτῶν, Εὔθυμόν τε ὡς κατεμαχέσατο τὸν πύκτην καὶ ὡς ὑπὸ Ἠλείων ἐπεβλήθη τῷ Θεαγένει ζημία.
As for all the deeds of Theagenes that pertain to the Olympic contest, my narrative has already shown the most famous of them: how he defeated Euthymus the boxer, and how a fine was imposed on Theagenes by the Eleans.
τότε μὲν δὴ τοῦ παγκρατίου τὴν νίκην ἀνὴρ ἐκ Μαντινείας Δρομεὺς ὄνομα πρῶτος ὧν ἴσμεν ἀκονιτὶ λέγεται λαβεῖν· τὴν δὲ Ὀλυμπιάδα τὴν ἐπὶ ταύτῃ παγκρατιάζων ὁ Θεαγένης ἐκράτει.
At that time indeed, the victory in the pancratium is said to have been won without a contest for the first time we know of by a man from Mantinea named Dromeus; but in the Olympiad next to this one, Theagenes, competing in the pancratium, was victorious.
§6.11.5γεγόνασι δὲ αὐτῷ καὶ Πυθοῖ νῖκαι τρεῖς, αὗται μὲν ἐπὶ πυγμῇ, Νεμείων δὲ ἐννέα καὶ Ἰσθμίων δέκα παγκρατίου τε ἀναμὶξ καὶ πυγμῆς.
He had also three victories at Pytho, these indeed in boxing, and nine at the Nemean and ten at the Isthmian games, in a mixture of pancratium and boxing.
ἐν Φθίᾳ δὲ τῇ Θεσσαλῶν πυγμῆς μὲν ἢ παγκρατίου παρῆκε τὴν σπουδήν, ἐφρόντιζε δὲ ὅπως καὶ ἐπὶ δρόμῳ ἐμφανὴς ἐν Ἕλλησιν εἴη, καὶ τοὺς ἐσελθόντας ἐς τὸν δόλιχον ἐκράτησεν· ἦν δέ οἱ πρὸς Ἀχιλλέα ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν τὸ φιλοτίμημα, ἐν πατρίδι τοῦ ὠκίστου τῶν καλουμένων ἡρώων ἀνελέσθαι δρόμου νίκην.
And in Phthia of the Thessalians, he let go of his zeal for boxing or the pancratium, and was concerned how he might also become famous among the Greeks in the foot-race, and he conquered those who entered for the long-distance race; and he had, in my opinion, an ambition directed towards Achilles, to win a victory in the foot-race in the homeland of the fleetest of those called heroes.
τοὺς δὲ σύμπαντας στεφάνους τετρακοσίους τε ἔσχε καὶ χιλίους.
In all, he won one thousand four hundred crowns.
§6.11.6ὡς δὲ ἀπῆλθεν ἐξ ἀνθρώπων, ἀνὴρ τῶν τις ἀπηχθημένων ζῶντι αὐτῷ παρεγίνετο ἀνὰ πᾶσαν νύκτα ἐπὶ τοῦ Θεαγένους τὴν εἰκόνα καὶ ἐμαστίγου τὸν χαλκὸν ἅτε αὐτῷ Θεαγένει λυμαινόμενος· καὶ τὸν μὲν ὁ ἀνδριὰς ἐμπεσὼν ὕβρεως παύει, τοῦ ἀνθρώπου δὲ τοῦ ἀποθανόντος οἱ παῖδες τῇ εἰκόνι ἐπεξῄεσαν φόνου.
When he departed from among men, a certain man of those who had been hostile to him in life used to come every night to the statue of Theagenes and scourge the bronze, as though outraging Theagenes himself; and the statue, falling upon him, stopped his insolence, but the sons of the dead man prosecuted the statue for murder.
καὶ οἱ Θάσιοι καταποντοῦσι τὴν εἰκόνα ἐπακολουθήσαντες γνώμῃ τῇ Δράκοντος, ὃς Ἀθηναίοις θεσμοὺς γράψας φονικοὺς ὑπερώρισε καὶ τὰ ἄψυχα, εἴγε ἐμπεσόν τι ἐξ αὐτῶν ἀποκτείνειεν ἄνθρωπον.
And the Thasians cast the statue into the sea, following the opinion of Draco, who, having written laws on murder for the Athenians, banished even inanimate things, if indeed one of them fell and killed a man.
§6.11.7ἀνὰ χρόνον δέ, ὡς τοῖς Θασίοις οὐδένα ἀπεδίδου καρπὸν ἡ γῆ, θεωροὺς ἀποστέλλουσιν ἐς Δελφούς, καὶ αὐτοῖς ἔχρησεν ὁ θεὸς καταδέχεσθαι τοὺς δεδιωγμένους.
In course of time, when the land yielded no fruit for the Thasians, they sent sacred envoys to Delphi, and the god gave them an oracle to receive back the exiled.
καὶ οἱ μὲν ἐπὶ τῷ λόγῳ τούτῳ καταδεχθέντες οὐδὲν τῆς ἀκαρπίας παρείχοντο ἴαμα· δεύτερα οὖν ἐπὶ τὴν Πυθίαν ἔρχονται, λέγοντες ὡς καὶ ποιήσασιν αὐτοῖς τὰ χρησθέντα διαμένοι τὸ ἐκ τῶν θεῶν μήνιμα.
And those who were received back in accordance with this word provided no cure for the barrenness; therefore they came a second time to the Pythia, saying that although they had done what was oracle-given, the anger of the gods remained.
§6.11.8ἐνταῦθα ἀπεκρίνατό σφισιν ἡ Πυθία· " Θεαγένην δʼ ἄμνηστον ἀφήκατε τὸν μέγαν ὑμέων.
Then the Pythia answered them: "But you have left your great Theagenes unremembered.
" ἀπορούντων δὲ αὐτῶν ὁποίᾳ μηχανῇ τοῦ Θεαγένους τὴν εἰκόνα ἀνασώσωνται, φασὶν ἁλιέας ἀναχθέντας ἐς τὸ πέλαγος ἐπὶ ἰχθύων θήραν περισχεῖν τῷ δικτύῳ τὴν εἰκόνα καὶ ἀνενεγκεῖν αὖθις ἐς τὴν γῆν·
"And when they were at a loss by what device they might recover the statue of Theagenes, they say that fishermen, having put out to the sea for a catch of fish, enclosed the statue in their net and brought it back to land.
Θάσιοι δὲ ἀναθέντες, ἔνθα καὶ ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἔκειτο, νομίζουσιν ἅτε θεῷ θύειν.
And the Thasians, having dedicated it where it lay also from the beginning, are accustomed to sacrifice to him as to a god.
§6.11.9πολλαχοῦ δὲ καὶ ἑτέρωθι ἔν τε Ἕλλησιν οἶδα καὶ παρὰ βαρβάροις ἀγάλματα ἱδρυμένα Θεαγένους καὶ νοσήματά τε αὐτὸν ἰώμενον καὶ ἔχοντα παρὰ τῶν ἐπιχωρίων τιμάς.
I know that in many other places, both among the Greeks and among barbarians, statues of Theagenes are set up, and that he heals diseases and has honors from the inhabitants.
ὁ δὲ ἀνδριὰς τοῦ Θεαγένους ἐστὶν ἐν τῇ Ἄλτει, τέχνη τοῦ Αἰγινήτου Γλαυκίου.
And the statue of Theagenes is in the Altis, the work of Glaucias of Aegina.

Notes

  1. §6.11.2ὅτου δὴ θεῶν — The genitive singular of the indefinite relative pronoun ὅστις, ὅτου (with δή expressing indefiniteness, 'some... or other'), followed by the partitive genitive θεῶν, meaning 'some god or other.'
  2. §6.11.2χαίρειν γὰρ τῷ ἀγάλματι αὐτόν — An accusative with infinitive clause (with the accusative αὐτόν as the subject of the infinitive χαίρειν) introduced by the causal conjunction γάρ, subordinate to φασίν ('they say') in indirect discourse, functioning parenthetically.
  3. §6.11.3ἀποκτεῖναι μὲν σφᾶς τὸν παῖδα οὐκ ἐᾷ — The indirect reflexive pronoun σφᾶς refers back to the citizens (implied from the preceding genitive absolute ἐχόντων ... τῶν πολιτῶν), serving as the subject of the infinitive ἀποκτεῖναι: 'he did not allow them (the citizens) to kill the boy.'
  4. §6.11.5ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν — An absolute or parenthetical use of the infinitive in a common idiomatic expression meaning 'in my opinion' or 'as it seems to me.'
  5. §6.11.6τῇ εἰκόνι ἐπεξῄεσαν φόνου — The verb ἐπέξειμι (to prosecute) here takes the dative of the defendant (τῇ εἰκόνι) and the genitive of the charge (φόνου), meaning 'they prosecuted the statue for murder.'
  6. §6.11.8νομίζουσιν ἅτε θεῷ θύειν — The verb νομίζω is construed with the infinitive θύειν to mean 'to be accustomed to do' or 'to make it a custom to sacrifice.' ἅτε θεῷ means 'as to a god.'

Cite this passage

Pausanias, Description of Greece §6.11.1-6.11.9. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:6.11.1-6.11.9

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