§5.9.1κατελύθη δὲ ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ καὶ ἀγωνίσματα, μεταδόξαν μηκέτι ἄγειν αὐτὰ Ἠλείοις.
Some contests were also abolished in Olympia, after the Eleans changed their minds and decided no longer to hold them.
πένταθλόν τε γὰρ παίδων ἐπὶ τῆς ὀγδόης Ὀλυμπιάδος καὶ τριακοστῆς ἐτέθη, καὶ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ τὸν κότινον Εὐτελίδα Λακεδαιμονίου λαβόντος οὐκέτι ἀρεστὰ Ἠλείοις ἦν πεντάθλους ἐσέρχεσθαι παῖδας.
For the pentathlon for boys was established in the thirty-eighth Olympiad, and when Eutelidas the Lacedaemonian received the wild olive for it, it was no longer pleasing to the Eleans for boys to enter for the pentathlon.
τῆς δὲ ἀπήνης καὶ κάλπης τὸν δρόμον, τὸν μὲν Ὀλυμπιάδι νομισθέντα ἑβδομηκοστῇ, τὸν δὲ τῆς κάλπης τῇ ἐφεξῆς ταύτῃ, κήρυγμα ὑπὲρ ἀμφοτέρων ἐποιήσαντο ἐπὶ τῆς τετάρτης Ὀλυμπιάδος καὶ ὀγδοηκοστῆς μήτε κάλπης τοῦ λοιποῦ μήτε ἀπήνης ἔσεσθαι δρόμον.
As for the race of the mule-cart and that of the calpe, the former having been introduced in the seventieth Olympiad, and that of the calpe in the one next to this, they made a proclamation concerning both in the eighty-fourth Olympiad that there should be no race of either the calpe or the mule-cart in the future.
ὅτε δὲ ἐτέθη πρῶτον, Θερσίου μὲν ἀπήνη Θεσσαλοῦ, Παταίκου δὲ Ἀχαιοῦ τῶν ἐκ Δύμης ἐνίκησεν ἡ κάλπη.
When they were first established, the mule-cart of Thersius, a Thessalian, won, and the calpe of Pataecus, an Achaean from Dyme.
§5.9.2ἦν δὲ ἡ μὲν θήλεια ἵππος, καὶ ἀπʼ αὐτῶν ἀποπηδῶντες ἐπὶ τῷ ἐσχάτῳ δρόμῳ συνέθεον ταῖς ἵπποις εἰλημμένοι τῶν χαλινῶν, καθὰ καὶ ἐς ἐμὲ ἔτι οἱ ἀναβάται καλούμενοι·
The calpe was a race for mares, and jumping off from them on the last part of the course, the riders ran along with the mares, holding them by the reins, just as those who are still called the "Anabatai" do down to my time.
διάφορα δὲ τοῖς ἀναβάταις ἐς τῆς κάλπης τὸν δρόμον τά τε σημεῖά ἐστι καὶ ἄρσενές σφισιν ὄντες οἱ ἵπποι.
But there are differences between the "Anabatai" and the race of the calpe both in the signals and in that the horses they use are male.
ἀπήνῃ δὲ οὔτε τῷ ἀνευρήματι οὐδὲν ἀρχαῖον οὔτε εὐπρέπεια αὐτῇ προσῆν, ἐπάρατόν τε Ἠλείοις ἐκ παλαιοῦ καὶ ἀρχὴν γενέσθαι σφίσιν ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ τὸ ζῷον· ἦν γὰρ δὴ ἀπήνη κατὰ τὴν συνωρίδα ἡμιόνους ἀντὶ ἵππων ἔχουσα.
As for the mule-cart, there was nothing ancient in its invention, nor did any grace belong to it; and moreover, it was from of old under a curse to the Eleans that the animal should even be bred in their country; for indeed, the mule-cart was like the pair of horses, having mules instead of horses.
§5.9.3ὁ δὲ κόσμος ὁ περὶ τὸν ἀγῶνα ἐφʼ ἡμῶν, ὡς θύεσθαι τῷ θεῷ τὰ ἱερεῖα πεντάθλου μὲν καὶ δρόμου τῶν ἵππων ὕστερα, τῶν δὲ λοιπῶν πρότερα ἀγωνισμάτων, οὗτος κατέστη σφίσιν ὁ κόσμος Ὀλυμπιάδι ἑβδόμῃ πρὸς ταῖς ἑβδομήκοντα·
The order concerning the games in our time—namely, that the victims should be sacrificed to the god after the pentathlon and the horse-race, but before the remaining contests—this order was established for them in the seventy-seventh Olympiad.
τὰ πρὸ τούτων δὲ ἐπὶ ἡμέρας ἦγον τῆς αὐτῆς ὁμοίως καὶ ἀνθρώπων καὶ ἵππων ἀγῶνα.
Before this, they held the contests for both men and horses on the same day alike.
τότε δὲ προήχθησαν ἐς νύκτα οἱ παγκρατιάζοντες ἅτε οὐ κατὰ καιρὸν ἐσκληθέντες, αἴτιοι δὲ ἐγένοντο οἵ τε ἵπποι καὶ ἐς πλέον ἔτι ἡ τῶν πεντάθλων ἅμιλλα·
But on that occasion, the competitors in the pancratium were dragged on into the night, as they had not been summoned at the proper time; and the cause was the horses, and still more the competition of the pentathlon.
καὶ ἐκράτει μὲν Ἀθηναῖος Καλλίας τοὺς παγκρατιάσαντας, ἐμπόδιον δὲ οὐκ ἔμελλε παγκρατίῳ τοῦ λοιποῦ τὸ πένταθλον οὐδὲ οἱ ἵπποι γενήσεσθαι.
Callias the Athenian won against those who competed in the pancratium, and in the future, neither the pentathlon nor the horses were to be an obstacle to the pancratium.
§5.9.4τὰ δὲ ἐπὶ τοῖς ἀγωνοθετοῦσιν οὐ κατὰ τὰ αὐτὰ ἃ καθεστηκότα ἦν ἐξ ἀρχῆς καὶ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν ἐς αὐτοὺς νομίζουσιν, ἀλλὰ Ἴφιτος μὲν τὸν ἀγῶνα ἔθηκεν αὐτὸς μόνος, καὶ μετὰ Ἴφιτον ἐτίθεσαν ὡσαύτως οἱ ἀπὸ Ὀξύλου·
The rules concerning the presidents of the games are not established in the same way as they were from the beginning and as they are observed in our time; for Iphitus held the games by himself alone, and after Iphitus, the descendants of Oxylus did likewise.
πεντηκοστῇ δὲ Ὀλυμπιάδι ἀνδράσι δύο ἐξ ἁπάντων λαχοῦσιν Ἠλείων ἐπετράπη ποιῆσαι τὰ Ὀλύμπια, καὶ ἐπὶ πλεῖστον ἀπὸ ἐκείνου διέμεινε τῶν ἀγωνοθετῶν ὁ ἀριθμὸς τῶν δύο.
But in the fiftieth Olympiad, two men, chosen by lot from all the Eleans, were entrusted with holding the Olympics, and from that time, for a very long period, the number of the presidents remained two.
§5.9.5πέμπτῃ δὲ Ὀλυμπιάδι καὶ ἐνενηκοστῇ ἐννέα ἑλλανοδίκας κατέστησαν· τρισὶ μὲν δὴ ἐπετέτραπτο ἐξ αὐτῶν ὁ δρόμος τῶν ἵππων, τοσούτοις δὲ ἑτέροις ἐπόπταις εἶναι τοῦ πεντάθλου, τοῖς δὲ ὑπολειπομένοις τὰ λοιπὰ ἔμελε τῶν ἀγωνισμάτων.
In the ninety-fifth Olympiad, they established nine Hellanodikai (judges of the Hellenes); to three of them was entrusted the horse-race, and to as many others to be overseers of the pentathlon, while the remaining ones took charge of the rest of the contests.
δευτέρᾳ δὲ ἀπὸ ταύτης Ὀλυμπιάδι προσετέθη καὶ ὁ δέκατος ἀθλοθέτης.
In the second Olympiad after this, the tenth athletic president was added.
ἐπὶ δὲ τῆς τρίτης καὶ ἑκατοστῆς φυλαί τε Ἠλείοις δώδεκα καὶ εἷς ἀπὸ φυλῆς ἑκάστης ἐγένετο Ἑλλανοδίκης.
And in the hundred and third Olympiad, the Eleans had twelve tribes, and there was one Hellanodikes from each tribe.
§5.9.6πιεσθέντες δὲ ὑπὸ Ἀρκάδων πολέμῳ μοῖράν τε ἀπέβαλον τῆς γῆς καὶ ὅσοι τῶν δήμων ἦσαν ἐν τῇ ἀποτμηθείσῃ χώρᾳ, καὶ οὕτως ἐς ὀκτώ τε ἀριθμὸν φυλῶν ἐπὶ τῆς τετάρτης συνεστάλησαν Ὀλυμπιάδος καὶ ἑκατοστῆς καὶ Ἑλλανοδίκαι σφίσιν ἴσοι ταῖς φυλαῖς ᾑρέθησαν.
But being hard pressed by the Arcadians in war, they lost a portion of their land and all the demes that were in the severed territory, and thus they were contracted to the number of eight tribes in the hundred and fourth Olympiad, and Hellanodikai equal in number to the tribes were chosen for them.
ὀγδόῃ δὲ ἐπὶ ταῖς ἑκατὸν Ὀλυμπιάδι ἐπανῆλθον αὖθις ἐς ἀνδρῶν δέκα ἀριθμόν, καὶ ἤδη τὸ ἀπὸ τούτου διαμεμένηκεν ἐς ἡμᾶς.
But in the hundred and eighth Olympiad, they returned again to the number of ten men, and this has remained so from that time down to our day.