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Pausanias · Description of Greece §5.17.7-5.17.11

Reliefs on the First Band of the Chest of Cypselus

Passage 209 of 465 · Greek

Summary

The author describes the mythological scenes on the first band of the chest of Cypselus, including Oenomaus pursuing Pelops, the departure of Amphiaraus, and the athletic contests of the funeral games of Pelias.

§5.17.7Οἰνόμαος διώκων Πέλοπά ἐστιν ἔχοντα Ἱπποδάμειαν· ἑκατέρῳ μὲν δὴ δύο αὐτῶν εἰσιν ἵπποι, τοῖς δὲ τοῦ Πέλοπός ἐστι πεφυκότα καὶ πτερά.
Oenomaus is pursuing Pelops, who has Hippodameia with him; each of them has two horses, but those of Pelops have also grown wings.
ἑξῆς δὲ Ἀμφιαράου τε ἡ οἰκία πεποίηται καὶ Ἀμφίλοχον φέρει νήπιον πρεσβῦτις ἥτις δή· πρὸ δὲ τῆς οἰκίας Ἐριφύλη τὸν ὅρμον ἔχουσα ἕστηκε, παρὰ δὲ αὐτὴν αἱ θυγατέρες Εὐρυδίκη καὶ Δημώνασσα, καὶ Ἀλκμαίων παῖς γυμνός.
Next to this, the house of Amphiaraus is depicted, and an old woman, whoever she may be, is carrying the infant Amphilochus; in front of the house stands Eriphyle holding the necklace, and beside her are her daughters Eurydice and Demonassa, and her son Alcmaeon as a naked child.
§5.17.8Ἄσιος δὲ ἐν τοῖς ἔπεσι καὶ Ἀλκμήνην ἐποίησε θυγατέρα Ἀμφιαράου καὶ Ἐριφύλης εἶναι.
Asius in his poems made Alcmene also to be a daughter of Amphiaraus and Eriphyle.
Βάτων δέ, ὃς ἡνιοχεῖ τῷ Ἀμφιαράῳ, τάς τε ἡνίας τῶν ἵππων καὶ τῇ χειρὶ ἔχει τῇ ἑτέρᾳ λόγχην.
Baton, who acts as charioteer to Amphiaraus, holds the reins of the horses and in his other hand a spear.
Ἀμφιαράῳ δὲ ὁ μὲν τῶν ποδῶν ἐπιβέβηκεν ἤδη τοῦ ἅρματος, τὸ ξίφος δὲ ἔχει γυμνὸν καὶ ἐς τὴν Ἐριφύλην ἐστὶν ἐπεστραμμένος ἐξαγόμενός τε ὑπὸ τοῦ θυμοῦ, ὡς μόλις ἐκείνης ἂν ἀποσχέσθαι.
As for Amphiaraus, one of his feet is already upon the chariot, and he has his sword drawn and is turned toward Eriphyle, carried away by anger, as if he could scarcely restrain himself from her.
§5.17.9μετὰ δὲ τοῦ Ἀμφιαράου τὴν οἰκίαν ἔστιν ἀγὼν ὁ ἐπὶ Πελίᾳ καὶ οἱ θεώμενοι τοὺς ἀγωνιστάς.
After the house of Amphiaraus is the games in honour of Pelias, and those who are watching the competitors.
πεποίηται δὲ Ἡρακλῆς ἐν θρόνῳ καθήμενος καὶ ὄπισθεν γυνὴ αὐτοῦ· ταύτης τῆς γυναικὸς ἐπίγραμμα μὲν ἄπεστιν ἥτις ἐστί, Φρυγίοις δὲ αὐλεῖ καὶ οὐχ Ἑλληνικοῖς αὐλοῖς.
Hercules is depicted seated on a throne, and behind him is a woman; there is no inscription for this woman showing who she is, but she plays on Phrygian and not Greek flutes.
ἡνιοχοῦντες δὲ συνωρίδα Πῖσός ἐστιν ὁ Περιήρους καὶ Ἀστερίων Κομήτου, πλεῦσαι καὶ οὗτος λεγόμενος ἐπὶ τῆς Ἀργοῦς, καὶ Πολυδεύκης τε καὶ Ἄδμητος, ἐπὶ δὲ αὐτοῖς Εὔφημος, Ποσειδῶνός τε ὢν κατὰ τὸν τῶν ποιητῶν λόγον καὶ Ἰάσονι ἐς Κόλχους τοῦ πλοῦ μετεσχηκώς· οὗτος δὲ καὶ τῇ συνωρίδι ὁ νικῶν ἐστιν.
Those driving the pairs of horses are Pisus the son of Perieres, and Asterion the son of Cometes, who is also said to have sailed on the Argo, and Polydeuces and Admetus, and besides them Euphemus, who according to the account of the poets was a son of Poseidon and had shared the voyage with Jason to Colchis; and this is the one who is victorious in the pair of horses.
§5.17.10οἱ δὲ ἀποτετολμηκότες πυκτεύειν Ἄδμητος καὶ Μόψος ἐστὶν ὁ Ἄμπυκος· ἐν μέσῳ δὲ αὐτῶν ἀνὴρ ἑστηκὼς ἐπαυλεῖ, καθότι καὶ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν ἐπὶ τῷ ἅλματι αὐλεῖν τῶν πεντάθλων νομίζουσιν.
Those who have ventured to box are Admetus and Mopsus the son of Ampycus; in the middle of them a man stands playing the flute to accompany them, just as in our time they customary play the flute for the broad jump of the pentathletes.
Ἰάσονι δὲ καὶ Πηλεῖ τὸ ἔργον τῆς πάλης ἐξ ἴσου καθέστηκε.
For Jason and Peleus, the task of wrestling is on equal terms.
πεποίηται δὲ καὶ Εὐρυβώτας ἀφιεὶς δίσκον, ὅστις δὴ οὗτός ἐστιν ἐπὶ δίσκῳ φήμην ἔχων.
Eurybotas is also depicted throwing a discus, whoever this may be who has a reputation for the discus.
οἱ δʼ ἐς ἅμιλλαν δρόμου καθεστηκότες Μελανίων ἐστὶ καὶ Νεοθεὺς καὶ Φαλαρεύς, τέταρτος δὲ Ἀργεῖος καὶ Ἴφικλος πέμπτος· τούτῳ δὲ νικῶντι ὀρέγει τὸν στέφανον ὁ Ἄκαστος· εἴη δʼ ἂν ὁ Πρωτεσιλάου πατὴρ τοῦ στρατεύσαντος ἐς Ἴλιον.
Those who have entered the contest of the foot-race are Melanion, Neotheus, and Phalareus, the fourth is Algeus, and the fifth Iphiclus; to this winner Acastus holds out the crown; this (Iphiclus) would be the father of Protesilaus who went on the expedition to Ilium.
§5.17.11κεῖνται δὲ καὶ τρίποδες, ἆθλα δὴ τοῖς νικῶσι, καὶ θυγατέρες εἰσὶν αἱ Πελίου· τὸ δὲ ὄνομα ἐπὶ τῇ Ἀλκήστιδι γέγραπται μόνῃ.
There are also tripods placed there, prizes indeed for the victors, and there are the daughters of Pelias; but the name is written on Alcestis alone.
Ἰόλαος δέ, ὃς ἐθελοντὴς μετεῖχεν Ἡρακλεῖ τῶν ἔργων, ἔστιν ἵππων ἅρματι ἀνῃρημένος νίκην.
Iolaus, who as a volunteer shared the labours with Hercules, has won the victory in the chariot of horses.
τὸ δὲ ἀπὸ τούτου ἀγὼν μὲν ὁ ἐπὶ Πελίᾳ πέπαυται, τὴν ὕδραν δέ, τὸ ἐν τῷ ποταμῷ τῇ Ἀμυμώνῃ θηρίον, Ἡρακλεῖ τοξεύοντι Ἀθηνᾶ παρέστηκεν· ἅτε δὲ τοῦ Ἡρακλέους ὄντος οὐκ ἀγνώστου τοῦ τε ἄθλου χάριν καὶ ἐπὶ τῷ σχήματι, τὸ ὄνομα οὐκ ἔστιν ἐπʼ αὐτῷ γεγραμμένον.
From this point on, the games in honour of Pelias have ceased, and Athena stands beside Hercules who is shooting with a bow at the hydra, the beast in the river Amymone; since Hercules is not unrecognized because of both his labour and his appearance, his name is not written upon him.
Φινεύς τε ὁ Θρᾷξ ἐστι, καὶ οἱ παῖδες οἱ Βορέου τὰς Ἁρπυίας ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ διώκουσιν.
There is also Phineus the Thracian, and the sons of Boreas are pursuing the Harpies away from him.

Notes

  1. 5.17.8ὡς μόλις ἐκείνης ἂν ἀποσχέσθαι — An infinitive clause with potential ἄν introduced by the conjunction ὡς. It expresses the subjective impulse or tense state of the subject, who is driven by anger, indicating that he could "scarcely restrain himself from her" or was on the verge of attacking her. It is closely connected with the participle ἐξαγόμενος in the main clause.
  2. 5.17.9ταύτης τῆς γυναικὸς ἐπίγραμμα μὲν ἄπεστιν ἥτις ἐστί — The clause ἥτις ἐστί is an indirect question explanatory of the preceding noun phrase ταύτης τῆς γυναικὸς. Syntactically, the relative pronoun ἥτις introduces the question of her identity ("who she is"), meaning as a whole "an inscription is missing [showing] who this woman is."
  3. 5.17.10εἴη δʼ ἂν ὁ Πρωτεσιλάου πατὴρ — The subject of the potential optative εἴη ἄν ("would be") is not the immediate subject of the main clause, Acastus, but Iphiclus, the fifth runner mentioned in the preceding sentence. In mythological genealogy, the father of Protesilaus who sailed to Troy is indeed Iphiclus; thus, the subject is omitted but carried over from the previous sentence's topic.
  4. 5.17.11ἵππων ἅρματι ἀνῃρημένος νίκην — The perfect passive (or middle) participle ἀνῃρημένος from ἀναιρέω ("to win/carry off") takes the accusative νίκην ("victory") as its direct object (a retained accusative). ἅρματι is a dative of means ("by means of a chariot").

Cite this passage

Pausanias, Description of Greece §5.17.7-5.17.11. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0525.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:5.17.7-5.17.11

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