§5.16.1λείπεται δὲ τὸ μετὰ τοῦτο ἡμῖν τῆς τε Ἥρας ὁ ναὸς καὶ ὁπόσα ἐστὶν ἐν τῷ ναῷ πρέποντα ἐς συγγραφήν.
What remains for us after this is the temple of Hera and whatever inside the temple is worthy of record.
λέγεται δὲ ὑπὸ Ἠλείων ὡς Σκιλλούντιοι τῶν ἐν τῇ Τριφυλίᾳ πόλεών εἰσιν οἱ κατασκευασάμενοι τὸν ναὸν ὀκτὼ μάλιστα ἔτεσιν ὕστερον ἢ τὴν βασιλείαν τὴν ἐν Ἤλιδι ἐκτήσατο Ὄξυλος.
It is said by the Eleans that the inhabitants of Scillus, one of the cities in Triphylia, built the temple about eight years after Oxylus acquired the kingship in Elis.
ἐργασία μὲν δή ἐστι τοῦ ναοῦ Δώριος, κίονες δὲ περὶ πάντα ἑστήκασιν αὐτόν· ἐν δὲ τῷ ὀπισθοδόμῳ δρυὸς ὁ ἕτερος τῶν κιόνων ἐστί.
The workmanship of the temple is Dorian, and pillars stand all around it; and in the opisthodomus, one of the pillars is made of oak.
μῆκος δέ εἰσι τοῦ ναοῦ πόδες ἐννέα καὶ ἑξήκοντα καὶ ἑκατόν, εὖρος δὲ τρεῖς καὶ ἑξήκοντα, τὸ δὲ ὕψος τῶν πεντήκοντα οὐκ ἀποδεῖ· τὸν δὲ ἀρχιτέκτονα ὅστις ἐγένετο οὐ μνημονεύουσι.
The length of the temple is one hundred and sixty-nine feet, the width is sixty-three, and the height does not fall short of fifty feet; but who the architect was, they do not remember.
§5.16.2διὰ πέμπτου δὲ ὑφαίνουσιν ἔτους τῇ Ἥρᾳ πέπλον αἱ ἓξ καὶ δέκα γυναῖκες· αἱ δὲ αὐταὶ τιθέασι καὶ ἀγῶνα Ἡραῖα.
Every four years, the sixteen women weave a robe (peplos) for Hera; and these same women also establish the Heraea games.
ὁ δὲ ἀγών ἐστιν ἅμιλλα δρόμου παρθένοις· οὔτι που πᾶσαι ἡλικίας τῆς αὐτῆς, ἀλλὰ πρῶται μὲν αἱ νεώταται, μετὰ ταύτας δὲ αἱ τῇ ἡλικίᾳ δεύτεραι, τελευταῖαι δὲ θέουσιν ὅσαι πρεσβύταται τῶν παρθένων εἰσί.
This contest is a running race for maidens; not indeed that they are all of the same age, but first the youngest run, after them those second in age, and last run those who are the oldest of the maidens.
§5.16.3θέουσι δὲ οὕτω· καθεῖταί σφισιν ἡ κόμη, χιτὼν ὀλίγον ὑπὲρ γόνατος καθήκει, τὸν ὦμον ἄχρι τοῦ στήθους φαίνουσι τὸν δεξιόν.
They run in this way: their hair is let down, a tunic (chiton) reaches to a little above the knee, and they show their right shoulder as far as the breast.
ἀποδεδειγμένον μὲν δὴ ἐς τὸν ἀγῶνά ἐστι καὶ ταύταις τὸ Ὀλυμπικὸν στάδιον, ἀφαιροῦσι δὲ αὐταῖς ἐς τὸν δρόμον τοῦ σταδίου τὸ ἕκτον μάλιστα· ταῖς δὲ νικώσαις ἐλαίας τε διδόασι στεφάνους καὶ βοὸς μοῖραν τεθυμένης τῇ Ἥρᾳ, καὶ δὴ ἀναθεῖναί σφισιν ἔστι γραψαμέναις εἰκόνας.
For their contest also the Olympic stadium has been assigned, but they subtract for their race about one-sixth of the stadium; and to the victors they give crowns of olive and a share of the cow sacrificed to Hera, and indeed it is allowed for them to dedicate portraits of themselves which they have had painted.
εἰσὶ δὲ καὶ αἱ διακονούμεναι ταῖς ἑκκαίδεκα κατὰ ταὐτὰ ταῖς ἀγωνοθετούσαις γυναῖκες.
There are also women who assist the sixteen in the same manner as the directors of the games.
§5.16.4ἐπανάγουσι δὲ καὶ τῶν παρθένων τὸν ἀγῶνα ἐς τὰ ἀρχαῖα, Ἱπποδάμειαν τῇ Ἤρᾳ τῶν γάμων τῶν Πέλοπος ἐκτίνουσαν χάριν τάς τε ἑκκαίδεκα ἀθροῖσαι γυναῖκας λέγοντες καὶ σὺν αὐταῖς διαθεῖναι πρώτην τὰ Ἡραῖα· μνημονεύουσι δὲ καὶ ὅτι Χλῶρις νικήσειεν Ἀμφίονος θυγάτηρ μόνη λειφθεῖσα τοῦ οἴκου.
They trace the contest of the maidens back to ancient times, saying that Hippodameia, in payment of gratitude to Hera for her marriage with Pelops, gathered the sixteen women and with them first established the Heraea; and they also remember that Chloris, the daughter of Amphion, won, she being the only survivor of the house.
σὺν δὲ αὐτῇ καὶ ἕνα περιγενέσθαι φασὶ τῶν ἀρσένων· ἃ δὲ ἐς τοὺς Νιόβης παῖδας παρίστατο αὐτῷ μοι γινώσκειν, ἐν τοῖς ἔχουσιν ἐς Ἀργείους ἐδήλωσα.
Along with her, they say that one of the males also survived; and as for what occurred to me to think concerning the children of Niobe, I have set it forth in the account relating to the Argives.
§5.16.5ἐς δὲ τὰς ἑκκαίδεκα γυναῖκας καὶ ἄλλον τοιόνδε λέγουσιν ἐπὶ τῷ προτέρῳ λόγον.
Concerning the sixteen women, they also tell another story of this kind in addition to the former account.
Δαμοφῶντά φασι τυραννοῦντα ἐν Πίσῃ πολλά τε ἐργάσασθαι καὶ χαλεπὰ Ἠλείους· ὡς δὲ ἐτελεύτησεν ὁ Δαμοφῶν—οὐ γὰρ δὴ οἱ Πισαῖοι συνεχώρουν μετέχειν δημοσίᾳ τοῦ τυράννου τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων, καί πως ἀρεστὰ καὶ Ἠλείοις ἐγένετο καταλύεσθαι τὰ ἐς αὐτοὺς ἐγκλήματα—, οὕτως ἑκκαίδεκα οἰκουμένων τηνικαῦτα ἔτι ἐν τῇ Ἠλείᾳ πόλεων γυναῖκα ἀφʼ ἑκάστης εἵλοντο διαλύειν τὰ διάφορά σφισιν, ἥτις ἡλικίᾳ τε ἦν πρεσβυτάτη καὶ ἀξιώματι καὶ δόξῃ τῶν γυναικῶν προεῖχεν.
They say that Damophon, when he was tyrant in Pisa, did many grievous things to the Eleans; but when Damophon died—for the Pisans did not agree to share publicly in the sins of the tyrant, and it was also somehow pleasing to the Eleans that the charges against them should be resolved—under these circumstances, since sixteen cities were still inhabited in Elis at that time, they chose a woman from each, who was the oldest in age and foremost among the women in dignity and reputation, to settle their differences.
§5.16.6αἱ πόλεις δὲ ἀφʼ ὧν τὰς γυναῖκας εἵλοντο, ἦσαν Ἦλις.
The cities from which they chose the women were Elis, [lacuna]...
ἀπὸ τούτων μὲν αἱ γυναῖκες οὖσαι τῶν πόλεων Πισαίοις διαλλαγὰς πρὸς Ἠλείους ἐποίησαν· ὕστερον δὲ καὶ τὸν ἀγῶνα ἐπετράπησαν ὑπʼ αὐτῶν θεῖναι τὰ Ἡραῖα καὶ ὑφήνασθαι τῇ Ἥρᾳ τὸν πέπλον.
The women being from these cities made peace for the Pisans with the Eleans; and later they were also entrusted by them with establishing the Heraea games and weaving the robe for Hera.
αἱ δὲ ἑκκαίδεκα γυναῖκες καὶ χοροὺς δύο ἱστᾶσι καὶ τὸν μὲν Φυσκόας τῶν χορῶν, τὸν δὲ Ἱπποδαμείας καλοῦσι· τὴν Φυσκόαν δὲ εἶναι ταύτην φασὶν ἐκ τῆς Ἤλιδος τῆς Κοίλης, τῷ δήμῳ δὲ ἔνθα ᾤκησεν ὄνομα Ὀρθίαν εἶναι.
The sixteen women also set up two choruses, and they call one of the choruses that of Physcoa, and the other that of Hippodameia; and they say that this Physcoa was from Coele Elis, and that the name of the deme where she lived was Orthia.
§5.16.7ταύτῃ τῇ Φυσκόᾳ Διόνυσον συγγενέσθαι λέγουσι, Φυσκόαν δὲ ἐκ Διονύσου τεκεῖν παῖδα Ναρκαῖον· τοῦτον, ὡς ηὐξήθη, πολεμεῖν τοῖς προσοίκοις καὶ δυνάμεως ἐπὶ μέγα ἀρθῆναι, καὶ δὴ καὶ Ἀθηνᾶς ἱερὸν ἐπίκλησιν Ναρκαίας αὐτὸν ἱδρύσασθαι· Διονύσῳ τε τιμὰς λέγουσιν ὑπὸ Ναρκαίου καὶ Φυσκόας δοθῆναι πρώτων.
With this Physcoa they say Dionysus consorted, and Physcoa bore to Dionysus a son, Narcaeus; and when he grew up, he made war on his neighbors and rose to great power, and indeed he established a temple of Athena surnamed Narcaea; and they say that honors were first given to Dionysus by Narcaeus and Physcoa.
Φυσκόας μὲν δὴ γέρα καὶ ἄλλα καὶ χορὸς ἐπώνυμος παρὰ τῶν ἑκκαίδεκα γυναικῶν, φυλάσσουσι δὲ οὐδὲν ἧσσον Ἠλεῖοι καὶ τἄλλα καταλυθεισῶν ὅμως τῶν πόλεων· νενεμημένοι γὰρ ἐς ὀκτὼ φυλὰς ἀφʼ ἑκάστης αἱροῦνται γυναῖκας δύο.
Physcoa indeed has other privileges and a chorus named after her from the sixteen women, and the Eleans keep the other customs no less, although the cities have been dissolved; for they are divided into eight tribes and choose two women from each.
§5.16.8ὁπόσα δὲ ἢ ταῖς ἑκκαίδεκα γυναιξὶν ἢ τοῖς ἑλλανοδικοῦσιν Ἠλείων δρᾶν καθέστηκεν, οὐ πρότερον δρῶσι πρὶν ἢ χοίρῳ τε ἐπιτηδείῳ πρὸς καθαρμὸν καὶ ὕδατι ἀποκαθήρωνται.
Whatever it is ordained either for the sixteen women or for the Hellanodicae of the Eleans to perform, they do not perform before they have purified themselves with a pig suitable for purification and with water.
γίνεται δέ σφισιν ἐπὶ κρήνῃ Πιέρᾳ τὰ καθάρσια· ἐκ δὲ Ὀλυμπίας τὴν πεδιάδα ἐς Ἦλιν ἐρχομένῳ πρὸς τὴν πηγὴν ἀφικέσθαι τὴν Πιέραν ἔστι.
Their purification takes place at the spring Piera; and for one going from Olympia through the plain to Elis, it is possible to arrive at the spring Piera.