§10.26.1τῶν δὲ γυναικῶν τῶν μεταξὺ τῆς τε Αἴθρας καὶ Νέστορος, εἰσὶν ἄνωθεν τούτων αἰχμάλωτοι καὶ αὗται Κλυμένη τε καὶ Κρέουσα καὶ Ἀριστομάχη καὶ Ξενοδίκη.
And of the women between Aethra and Nestor, there are above these, they too being captives, Clymene, Creusa, Aristomache, and Xenodice.
Κλυμένην μὲν οὖν Στησίχορος ἐν Ἰλίου πέρσιδι κατηρίθμηκεν ἐν ταῖς αἰχμαλώτοις· ὡσαύτως δὲ καὶ Ἀριστομάχην ἐποίησεν ἐν Νόστοις θυγατέρα μὲν Πριάμου, Κριτολάου δὲ γυναῖκα εἶναι τοῦ Ἱκετάονος· Ξενοδίκης δὲ μνημονεύσαντα οὐκ οἶδα οὔτε ποιητὴν οὔτε ὅσοι λόγων συνθέται.
Now Stesichorus in the *Sack of Troy* has numbered Clymene among the captives; and likewise the author of the *Returns* made Aristomache to be a daughter of Priam, and the wife of Critolaus, the son of Hicetaon; but as for Xenodice, I know of no poet or prose writer who has made mention of her.
ἐπὶ δὲ τῇ Κρεούσῃ λέγουσιν ὡς ἡ θεῶν μήτηρ καὶ Ἀφροδίτη δουλείας ἀπὸ Ἑλλήνων αὐτὴν ἐρρύσαντο, εἶναι γὰρ δὴ καὶ Αἰνείου τὴν Κρέουσαν γυναῖκα· Λέσχεως δὲ καὶ ἔπη τὰ Κύπρια διδόασιν Εὐρυδίκην γυναῖκα Αἰνείᾳ.
And concerning Creusa, they say that the Mother of the Gods and Aphrodite rescued her from slavery under the Greeks, for Creusa was indeed the wife of Aeneas; but Lesches and the epic *Cypria* give Eurydice as the wife to Aeneas.
§10.26.2γεγραμμέναι δὲ ἐπὶ κλίνης ὑπὲρ ταύτας Δηινόμη τε καὶ Μητιόχη καὶ Πεῖσίς ἐστι καὶ Κλεοδίκη· τούτων ἐν Ἰλιάδι καλουμένῃ μικρᾷ μόνης ἐστὶ τὸ ὄνομα τῆς Δηινόμης, τῶν δʼ ἄλλων ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν συνέθηκε τὰ ὀνόματα ὁ Πολύγνωτος.
And painted on a couch above these are Deinome, Metioche, Peisis, and Cleodice; of these, the name of Deinome alone is in the so-called *Little Iliad*, but those of the others, in my opinion, Polygnotus invented.
γέγραπται δὲ καὶ Ἐπειὸς γυμνὸς καταβάλλων ἐς ἔδαφος τῶν Τρώων τὸ τεῖχος· ἀνέχει δὲ ὑπὲρ αὐτὸ κεφαλὴ τοῦ ἵππου μόνη τοῦ δουρείου.
And Epeius is also painted naked, throwing down the wall of the Trojans to the ground; and above it rises only the head of the wooden horse.
Πολυποίτης δὲ ὁ Πειρίθου δεδεμένος τὴν κεφαλὴν ταινίᾳ καὶ παρʼ αὐτὸν Ἀκάμας ἐστὶν ὁ Θησέως ἐπικείμενος τῇ κεφαλῇ κράνος· §10.26.3λόφος δὲ ἐπὶ τῷ κράνει πεποίηται.
And Polypoetes the son of Peirithous has his head bound with a fillet, and near him is Acamas, the son of Theseus, wearing on his head a helmet; and a crest is made upon the helmet.
καὶ Ὀδυσσεύς τέ ἐστι καὶ ἐνδέδυκε θώρακα Ὀδυσσεύς.
And Odysseus also is there, and Odysseus has put on a breastplate.
Αἴας δὲ ὁ Οἰλέως ἔχων ἀσπίδα βωμῷ προσέστηκεν, ὀμνύμενος ὑπὲρ τοῦ ἐς Κασσάνδραν τολμήματος· ἡ δὲ κάθηταί τε ἡ Κασσάνδρα χαμαὶ καὶ τὸ ἄγαλμα ἔχει τῆς Ἀθηνᾶς, εἴγε δὴ ἀνέτρεψεν ἐκ βάθρων τὸ ξόανον, ὅτε ἀπὸ τῆς ἱκεσίας αὐτὴν ὁ Αἴας ἀφεῖλκε.
And Ajax the son of Oileus, holding a shield, stands by an altar, taking an oath concerning his outrage against Cassandra; and she, Cassandra, sits on the ground and holds the image of Athena, since indeed she overturned the wooden image from its pedestal when Ajax was dragging her away from her supplication.
γεγραμμένοι δὲ καὶ οἱ παῖδές εἰσιν οἱ Ἀτρέως, ἐπικείμενοι καὶ οὗτοι κράνη, Μενελάῳ δὲ ἀσπίδα ἔχοντι δράκων ἐπὶ τῇ ἀσπίδι ἐστὶν εἰργασμένος τοῦ ἐν Αὐλίδι φανέντος ἐπὶ τοῖς ἱερείοις τέρατος ἕνεκα.
And the sons of Atreus are also painted, these too wearing helmets; and on Menelaus, who has a shield, a dragon is wrought upon the shield, because of the portent that appeared at the sacrifices in Aulis.
ὑπὸ τούτοις τοῖς τὸν Αἴαντα ἐξορκοῦσιν, κατʼ εὐθὺ δὲ τοῦ ἵππου τοῦ §10.26.4παρὰ τῷ Νέστορι Νεοπτόλεμος ἀπεκτονώς ἐστιν Ἔλασον, ὅστις δὴ ὁ Ἔλασος.
Below these who are administering the oath to Ajax, and directly opposite the horse which is near Nestor, Neoptolemus has slain Elasus, whoever this Elasus may be.
οὗτος μὲν δὴ ὀλίγον ἐμπνέοντι ἔτι εἴκασται· Ἀστύνοον δέ, οὗ δὴ ἐποιήσατο καὶ Λέσχεως μνήμην, πεπτωκότα ἐς γόνυ ὁ Νεοπτόλεμος ξίφει παίει.
This man, indeed, is represented as still breathing a little; and Astynous, of whom Lesches also made mention, who has fallen upon his knee, Neoptolemus strikes with a sword.
Νεοπτόλεμον δὲ μόνον τοῦ Ἑλληνικοῦ φονεύοντα ἔτι τοὺς Τρῶας ἐποίησεν ὁ Πολύγνωτος, ὅτι ὑπὲρ τοῦ Νεοπτολέμου τὸν τάφον ἡ γραφὴ πᾶσα ἔμελλεν αὐτῷ γενήσεσθαι.
And Polygnotus represented Neoptolemus alone of the Greek army as still slaughtering the Trojans, because the whole painting was intended by him to be above the tomb of Neoptolemus.
τοῦ δὲ Ἀχιλλέως τῷ παιδὶ Ὅμηρος μὲν Νεοπτόλεμον ὄνομα ἐν ἁπάσῃ οἱ τίθεται τῇ ποιήσει· τὰ δὲ Κύπρια ἔπη φησὶν ὑπὸ Λυκομήδους μὲν Πύρρον, Νεοπτόλεμον δὲ ὄνομα ὑπὸ Φοίνικος αὐτῷ τεθῆναι, ὅτι Ἀχιλλεὺς ἡλικίᾳ ἔτι νέος πολεμεῖν ἤρξατο.
And Homer in all his poetry gives to the son of Achilles the name Neoptolemus; but the epic *Cypria* says that he was named Pyrrhus by Lycomedes, and Neoptolemus by Phoenix, because Achilles began to make war when he was still young in age.
§10.26.5γέγραπται δὲ βωμός τε καὶ ὑπὸ δείματος παῖς μικρὸς ἐχόμενος τοῦ βωμοῦ· κεῖται δὲ καὶ θώραξ ἐπὶ τῷ βωμῷ χαλκοῦς.
And there is painted an altar, and a little child holding on to the altar out of fear; and there also lies a bronze breastplate upon the altar.
κατὰ δὴ ἐμὲ σπάνιον τῶν θωράκων τὸ σχῆμα ἦν τούτων, τὸ δὲ ἀρχαῖον ἔφερον αὐτούς.
In my own time the shape of these breastplates was rare, but in ancient times they used to wear them.
δύο ἦν χαλκᾶ ποιήματα, τὸ μὲν στέρνῳ καὶ τοῖς ἀμφὶ τὴν γαστέρα ἁρμόζον, τὸ δὲ ὡς νώτου σκέπην εἶναι —γύαλα ἐκαλοῦντο—· τὸ μὲν ἔμπροσθεν τὸ δὲ ὄπισθεν προσῆγον, ἔπειτα περόναι συνῆπτον πρὸς ἄλληλα.
There were two bronze pieces, the one fitting the chest and the parts around the belly, and the other to be a protection for the back—they were called *gyala* (plates)—; they applied the one in front and the other behind, and then clasped them to each other with pins.
§10.26.6ἀσφάλειαν δὲ ἀποχρῶσαν ἐδόκει παρέχεσθαι καὶ ἀσπίδος χωρίς· ἐπὶ τούτῳ καὶ Ὅμηρος Φόρκυνα τὸν Φρύγα οὐκ ἔχοντα ἀσπίδα ἐποίησεν, ὅτι αὐτῷ γυαλοθώραξ ἦν.
And it seemed to afford sufficient security even without a shield; for this reason Homer also made Phorcys the Phrygian not to have a shield, because he had a plate-breastplate.
ἐγὼ δὲ γραφῇ μεμιμημένον τοῦτον ἐθεασάμην ὑπὸ τοῦ Πολυγνώτου, καὶ ἐν Ἀρτέμιδος τῆς Ἐφεσίας Καλλιφῶν ὁ Σάμιος Πατρόκλῳ τοῦ θώρακος τὰ γύαλα ἁρμοζούσας ἔγραψε γυναῖκας.
And I have seen this represented in a painting by Polygnotus, and in the temple of Artemis of Ephesus, Calliphon of Samos painted women fitting the plates of the breastplate for Patroclus.
§10.26.7τοῦ βωμοῦ δὲ ἐπέκεινα Λαοδίκην ἔγραψεν ἑστῶσαν.
And beyond the altar he painted Laodice standing.
ταύτην οὔτε ὑπὸ ποιητοῦ κατειλεγμένην ἐν ταῖς αἰχμαλώτοις ταῖς Τρῳάσιν εὕρισκον οὔτε ἄλλως ἐφαίνετο ἔχειν μοι τὸ εἰκὸς ἢ ἀφεθῆναι τὴν Λαοδίκην ὑπὸ Ἑλλήνων.
I did not find her enrolled among the captive Trojan women by any poet, nor did it seem to me reasonable on any other ground than that Laodice was let go by the Greeks.
Ὅμηρος μέν γε ἐδήλωσεν ἐν Ἰλιάδι Μενελάου καὶ Ὀδυσσέως ξενίαν παρὰ Ἀντήνορι καὶ ὡς Ἑλικάονι ἡ Λαοδίκη συνοικοίη τῷ Ἀντήνορος· §10.26.8Λέσχεως δὲ τετρωμένον τὸν Ἑλικάονα ἐν τῇ νυκτομαχίᾳ γνωρισθῆναί τε ὑπὸ Ὀδυσσέως καὶ ἐξαχθῆναι ζῶντα ἐκ τῆς μάχης φησίν.
For Homer, at least, showed in the *Iliad* the guest-friendship of Menelaus and Odysseus with Antenor, and how Laodice was married to Helicaon, the son of Antenor; and Lesches says that Helicaon, having been wounded in the night-battle, was recognized by Odysseus and led out alive from the fight.
ἕποιτο ἂν οὖν τῇ Μενελάου καὶ Ὀδυσσέως κηδεμονίᾳ περὶ οἶκον τὸν Ἀντήνορος μηδὲ ἐς τοῦ Ἑλικάονος τὴν γυναῖκα ἔργον δυσμενὲς ὑπὸ Ἀγαμέμνονος καὶ Μενελάου γενέσθαι· Εὐφορίων δὲ ἀνὴρ Χαλκιδεὺς σὺν οὐδενὶ εἰκότι τὰ ἐς τὴν Λαοδίκην ἐποίησεν.
It would follow, then, from the care of Menelaus and Odysseus for the house of Antenor, that no hostile act was done to the wife of Helicaon either, by Agamemnon and Menelaus; but Euphorion, a man of Chalcis, wrote concerning Laodice with no probability.
§10.26.9ἐφεξῆς δὲ τῇ Λαοδίκῃ ὑποστάτης τε λίθου καὶ λουτήριόν ἐστιν ἐπὶ τῷ ὑποστάτῃ χαλκοῦν, Μέδουσα δὲ κατέχουσα ταῖς χερσὶν ἀμφοτέραις τὸ ὑπόστατον ἐπὶ τοῦ ἐδάφους κάθηται· ἐν δὲ ταῖς Πριάμου θυγατράσιν ἀριθμήσαι τις ἂν καὶ ταύτην κατὰ τοῦ Ἱμεραίου τὴν ᾠδήν.
And next to Laodice is a pedestal of stone and a bronze basin upon the pedestal, and Medusa sits on the ground, holding the pedestal with both hands; and one might number this woman also among the daughters of Priam, according to the song of the Himeraean.
παρὰ δὲ τὴν Μέδουσαν ἐν χρῷ κεκαρμένη πρεσβῦτις ἢ ἄνθρωπός ἐστιν εὐνοῦχος, παιδίον δὲ ἐν τοῖς γόνασιν ἔχει γυμνόν· τὸ δὲ τὴν χεῖρα ὑπὸ δείματος ἐπίπροσθε τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν πεποίηται.
And near Medusa is an old woman close-shorn to the skin, or a eunuch, holding a naked child on her knees; and the child is represented as holding his hand before his eyes out of fear.