§10.10.1τῷ βάθρῳ δὲ τῷ ὑπὸ τὸν ἵππον τὸν δούρειον ἐπίγραμμα μέν ἐστιν ἀπὸ δεκάτης τοῦ Μαραθωνίου ἔργου τεθῆναι τὰς εἰκόνας· εἰσὶ δὲ Ἀθηνᾶ τε καὶ Ἀπόλλων καὶ ἀνὴρ τῶν στρατηγησάντων Μιλτιάδης· ἐκ δὲ τῶν ἡρώων καλουμένων Ἐρεχθεύς τε καὶ Κέκροψ καὶ Πανδίων, καὶ Λεώς τε καὶ Ἀντίοχος ὁ ἐκ Μήδας Ἡρακλεῖ γενόμενος τῆς Φύλαντος, ἔτι δὲ Αἰγεύς τε καὶ παίδων τῶν Θησέως Ἀκάμας, οὗτοι μὲν καὶ φυλαῖς Ἀθήνῃσιν ὀνόματα κατὰ μάντευμα ἔδοσαν τὸ ἐκ Δελφῶν· ὁ δὲ Μελάνθου Κόδρος καὶ Θησεὺς καὶ Νηλεύς, οὗτοι δὲ οὐκέτι τῶν ἐπωνύμων εἰσί.
On the pedestal that is under the wooden horse there is an inscription stating that the statues were dedicated from the tithe of the Marathonian deed; and they are Athena, Apollo, and Miltiades, one of those who were generals, and of the heroes called, Erechtheus, Cecrops, Pandion, Leos, Antiochus, who was born to Heracles from Meda, daughter of Phylas, and in addition Aegeus, and Acamas, of the sons of Theseus; these indeed also gave their names to the tribes in Athens according to the oracle from Delphi; but Codrus, the son of Melanthus, Theseus, and Neleus, these are no longer of the eponyms.
§10.10.2τοὺς μὲν δὴ κατειλεγμένους Φειδίας ἐποίησε, καὶ ἀληθεῖ λόγῳ δεκάτη καὶ οὗτοι τῆς μάχης εἰσίν· Ἀντίγονον δὲ καὶ τὸν παῖδα Δημήτριον καὶ Πτολεμαῖον τὸν Αἰγύπτιον χρόνῳ ὕστερον ἀπέστειλαν ἐς Δελφούς, τὸν μὲν Αἰγύπτιον καὶ εὐνοίᾳ τινὶ ἐς αὐτόν, τοὺς δὲ Μακεδόνας τῷ ἐς αὐτοὺς δέει.
These catalogued Phidias made, and in true word these also are from the tithe of the battle; but Antigonus, his son Demetrius, and Ptolemy the Egyptian they sent to Delphi at a later time, the Egyptian indeed out of some goodwill towards him, and the Macedonians out of fear of them.
§10.10.3πλησίον δὲ τοῦ ἵππου καὶ ἄλλα ἀναθήματά ἐστιν Ἀργείων, οἱ ἡγεμόνες τῶν ἐς Θήβας ὁμοῦ Πολυνείκει στρατευσάντων, Ἄδραστός τε ὁ Ταλαοῦ καὶ Τυδεὺς Οἰνέως καὶ οἱ ἀπόγονοι Προίτου Καπανεὺς Ἱππόνου καὶ Ἐτέοκλος ὁ Ἴφιος, Πολυνείκης τε καὶ ὁ Ἱππομέδων ἀδελφῆς Ἀδράστου παῖς· Ἀμφιαράου δὲ καὶ ἅρμα ἐγγὺς πεποίηται καὶ ἐφεστηκὼς Βάτων ἐπὶ τῷ ἅρματι ἡνίοχός τε τῶν ἵππων καὶ τῷ Ἀμφιαράῳ καὶ ἄλλως προσήκων κατὰ οἰκειότητα· τελευταῖος δὲ Ἀλιθέρσης ἐστὶν αὐτῶν.
And near the horse there are also other offerings of the Argives, the leaders of those who campaigned to Thebes together with Polynices: Adrastus, the son of Talaus, Tydeus, the son of Oeneus, and the descendants of Proetus, Capaneus, the son of Hipponous, and Eteoclus, the son of Iphis, Polynices, and Hippomedon, the son of Adrastus' sister; and near them has been made the chariot of Amphiaraus, and Baton standing upon the chariot, the charioteer of the horses and otherwise related to Amphiaraus by kinship; and the last of them is Alitherses.
§10.10.4οὗτοι μὲν δὴ Ὑπατοδώρου καὶ Ἀριστογείτονός εἰσιν ἔργα, καὶ ἐποίησαν σφᾶς, ὡς αὐτοὶ Ἀργεῖοι λέγουσιν, ἀπὸ τῆς νίκης ἥντινα ἐν Οἰνόῃ τῇ Ἀργείᾳ αὐτοί τε καὶ Ἀθηναίων ἐπίκουροι Λακεδαιμονίους ἐνίκησαν.
These indeed are the works of Hypatodorus and Aristogeiton, and they made them, as the Argives themselves say, from the victory which they themselves and the Athenian allies won over the Lacedaemonians at Oenoe in Argolis.
ἀπὸ δὲ τοῦ αὐτοῦ ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν ἔργου καὶ τοὺς Ἐπιγόνους ὑπὸ Ἑλλήνων καλουμένους ἀνέθεσαν οἱ Ἀργεῖοι· κεῖνται γὰρ δὴ εἰκόνες καὶ τούτων, Σθένελος καὶ Ἀλκμαίων, κατὰ ἡλικίαν ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν πρὸ Ἀμφιλόχου τετιμημένος, ἐπὶ δὲ αὐτοῖς Πρόμαχος καὶ Θέρσανδρος καὶ Αἰγιαλεύς τε καὶ Διομήδης· ἐν μέσῳ δὲ Διομήδους καὶ τοῦ Αἰγιαλέως ἐστὶν Εὐρύαλος.
And from the same deed, in my opinion, the Argives dedicated also those called the Epigoni by the Greeks; for indeed the statues of these also are placed: Sthenelus and Alcmaeon, who in my opinion was honored before Amphilochus because of age, and next to them Promachus, Thersander, Aegialeus, and Diomedes; and in the middle of Diomedes and Aegialeus is Euryalus.
§10.10.5ἀπαντικρὺ δὲ αὐτῶν ἀνδριάντες εἰσὶν ἄλλοι· τούτους δὲ ἀνέθεσαν οἱ Ἀργεῖοι τοῦ οἰκισμοῦ τοῦ Μεσσηνίων Θηβαίοις καὶ Ἐπαμινώνδᾳ μετασχόντες.
And opposite them are other statues; these the Argives dedicated, having shared with the Thebans and Epaminondas in the founding of the Messenians.
ἡρώων δέ εἰσιν αἱ εἰκόνες, Δαναὸς μὲν βασιλέων ἰσχύσας τῶν ἐν Ἄργει μέγιστον, Ὑπερμήστρα δὲ ἅτε καθαρὰ χεῖρας μόνη τῶν ἀδελφῶν· παρὰ δὲ αὐτὴν καὶ ὁ Λυγκεὺς καὶ ἅπαν τὸ ἐφεξῆς αὐτῶν γένος τὸ ἐς Ἡρακλέα τε καὶ ἔτι πρότερον καθῆκον ἐς Περσέα.
And they are the statues of heroes: Danaus, who had the greatest power among the kings in Argos, and Hypermnestra, inasmuch as she alone of her sisters had clean hands; and beside her Lynceus, and all their lineage following after them, coming down to Heracles and even earlier to Perseus.
§10.10.6Ταραντίνων δὲ οἱ ἵπποι οἱ χαλκοῖ καὶ αἰχμάλωτοι γυναῖκες ἀπὸ Μεσσαπίων εἰσίν, ὁμόρων τῇ Ταραντίνων βαρβάρων, Ἀγελάδα δὲ ἔργα τοῦ Ἀργείου.
And of the Tarentines, the bronze horses and captive women are from the Messapians, barbarians bordering on the Tarentines, and are the works of Ageladas the Argive.
Τάραντα δὲ ἀπῴκισαν μὲν Λακεδαιμόνιοι, οἰκιστὴς δὲ ἐγένετο Σπαρτιάτης Φάλανθος.
And Lacedaemonians colonized Tarentum, and a Spartan, Phalanthus, became the founder.
στελλομένῳ δὲ ἐς ἀποικίαν τῷ Φαλάνθῳ λόγιον ἦλθεν ἐκ Δελφῶν· ὑετοῦ αὐτὸν αἰσθόμενον ὑπὸ αἴθρᾳ, τηνικαῦτα καὶ χώραν κτήσεσθαι καὶ πόλιν.
And as Phalanthus was setting out for the colony, an oracle came from Delphi: that when he felt rain under a clear sky, then he would acquire both a territory and a city.
§10.10.7τὸ μὲν δὴ παραυτίκα οὔτε ἰδίᾳ τὸ μάντευμα ἐπισκεψάμενος οὔτε πρὸς τῶν ἐξηγητῶν τινα ἀνακοινώσας κατέσχε ταῖς ναυσὶν ἐς Ἰταλίαν· ὡς δέ οἱ νικῶντι τοὺς βαρβάρους οὐκ ἐγίνετο οὔτε τινὰ ἑλεῖν τῶν πόλεων οὔτε ἐπικρατῆσαι χώρας, ἐς ἀνάμνησιν ἀφικνεῖτο τοῦ χρησμοῦ, καὶ ἀδύνατα ἐνόμιζέν οἱ τὸν θεὸν χρῆσαι· μὴ γὰρ ἄν ποτε ἐν καθαρῷ καὶ αἰθρίῳ τῷ ἀέρι ὑσθῆναι.
For the immediate moment indeed, neither examining the oracle on his own nor consulting any of the interpreters, he sailed with his ships to Italy; but when, although he was victorious over the barbarians, it did not happen to him either to take any of the cities or to gain control of the territory, he began to recall the oracle, and thought that the god had given him impossible advice; for never could it rain in clear and bright air.
καὶ αὐτὸν ἡ γυνὴ ἀθύμως ἔχοντα —ἠκολουθήκει γὰρ οἴκοθεν—τά τε ἄλλα ἐφιλοφρονεῖτο καὶ ἐς τὰ γόνατα ἐσθεμένη τὰ αὑτῆς τοῦ ἀνδρὸς τὴν κεφαλὴν ἐξέλεγε τοὺς φθεῖρας· καί πως ὑπὸ εὐνοίας δακρῦσαι παρίσταται τῇ γυναικὶ ὁρώσῃ τοῦ ἀνδρὸς ἐς οὐδὲν προχωροῦντα τὰ πράγματα.
And while he was downcast, his wife—who had followed him from home—comforted him in other ways and, placing her husband's head upon her knees, was picking out the lice; and somehow out of affection, it happened to the wife to weep as she saw her husband's affairs making no progress.
§10.10.8προέχει δὲ ἀφειδέστερον τῶν δακρύων καὶ—ἔβρεχε γὰρ τοῦ Φαλάνθου τὴν κεφαλήν—συνίησί τε τῆς μαντείας—ὄνομα γὰρ δὴ ἦν Αἴθρα τῇ γυναικί—καὶ οὕτω τῇ ἐπιούσῃ νυκτὶ Τάραντα τῶν βαρβάρων εἷλε μεγίστην καὶ εὐδαιμονεστάτην τῶν ἐπὶ θαλάσσῃ πόλεων.
And as she shed her tears more copiously and—for she wet the head of Phalanthus—he understood the oracle—for indeed the name of his wife was Aethra—and thus on the following night he took Tarentum from the barbarians, the greatest and most prosperous of the cities on the sea.
Τάραντα δὲ τὸν ἥρω Ποσειδῶνός φασι καὶ ἐπιχωρίας νύμφης παῖδα εἶναι, ἀπὸ δὲ τοῦ ἥρωος τεθῆναι τὰ ὀνόματα τῇ πόλει τε καὶ τῷ ποταμῷ· καλεῖται γὰρ δὴ Τάρας κατὰ τὰ αὐτὰ τῇ πόλει καὶ ὁ ποταμός.
And they say the hero Taras is the son of Poseidon and a local nymph, and that the names were given to the city and the river from the hero; for indeed the river is called Taras just like the city.