§423περικομίζοντας, οὐκ εἰς ἀκροάσεις μὰ Δία ῥητόρων συγκαλοῦντας, ὥσπερ ἐγὼ καὶ περὶ Κῶν ταυτηνὶ τὴν Μεροπίδα καὶ ἐν Κνίδῳ ποτὲ εἶδον ἐπʼ ἐμαυτοῦ γενόμενον, ἀλλʼ ἴστε ὅτι δεξαμενὰς ἐπαινοῦσι, καὶ δεῦρʼ ἄγʼ ἰὼν νῆα κατάστησον, καὶ τοῖς καταίρουσι τοιαῦτʼ ἐπαγγέλλουσι καὶ τοιαῦτα προξενοῦσιν.
carrying about, not calling people, by Zeus, to the lectures of orators—as I once saw happen in my own time around Cos, this Meropis, and in Cnidus—but you know that they praise the reservoirs, and say, "Come hither, and bring thy ship to land," and to those who put in they promise such things and act as such hosts.
ὅταν οὖν ἑτέρωθεν μὲν ὁ ῥήτωρ ἀγωνιούμενος εἰσίῃ, ἑτέρωθεν δὲ ὁ ῥέμβος ὑμῖν ἀμφιθαλὴς ἥκῃ τὰ τοιαῦτα ὑπισχνούμενος, εἰκότως, οἶμαι, συμβαίνει τὴν νίκην ἐκείνου τοῦ μέρους γίγνεσθαι, καὶ μήτε πρεσβύτερον μηδένα μήτε νεώτερον ῥᾳδίως ἐθέλειν σωφρονεῖν.
Therefore, when from one side the orator enters to contend, and from the other side your wandering, all-flourishing, comes to you promising such things, naturally, I think, it happens that the victory belongs to that side, and neither any older nor younger person is easily willing to be temperate.
ταῦτʼ ἐστὶν ἃ τοὺς λέγοντας ὑποσκελίζει, ταῦθʼ ὥσπερ νέφος ἢ σκοτόμαινα ἐπισκοτεῖ πᾶσι τοῖς περὶ παιδείαν καλοῖς.
These are the things that trip up the speakers; these, like a cloud or darkness, cast a shadow over all beautiful things concerning education.
πρὸς δὲ τούτοις οἱ κατάπτυστοι σοφισταὶ πείθουσιν ὑμᾶς ὡς ἄρα καὶ τῷ Ὁμήρῳ τοῦτο μέγιστον ὑπάρξειεν, υἱὸν Μέλητος γενέσθαι.
In addition to these, the detestable sophists persuade you that for Homer too this was the greatest thing to belong to him, to become the son of Meles.
πᾶς τις οὖν ἵεται σπουδῇ παρὰ τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ φιλοσοφήσων ἐκεῖ, καὶ οὐδὲ ἐξ αὐτῶν τούτων ἐνθυμηθῆναι δύνασθε εἰ τὰ μάλιστα ἀληθῆ λέγουσιν, ὅτι οὐδʼ αὐτῷ τῷ Ὁμήρῳ ἤρκει παρὰ τὰς ὄχθας ἐσκηνῆσθαι τοῦ πατρὸς, οὐδὲ τοῖς ἰχθύσι συμπαρανεῖν ἀδελφοῖς οὖσιν ἑαυτοῦ, ὡς ὁ τούτων λόγος, ἀλλʼ οὕτως αὐχμηρόν τινα ἐβίω βίον ὥστε πολλαχῆ δῆλός ἐστι στέργων, εἰ τῶν ἀναγκαίων εὐποροίη, λουτρὰ δὲ αὐτοσχέδια καὶ δὴ ἐπʼ ὀνήσει καμνόντων σωμάτων, ὥς φησι Πλάτων, ἀπεδέχετο, περαιτέρω δὲ οὐκ εἴα τρυφᾶν.
So everyone rushes in haste to his father there to philosophize, and you cannot even from these very facts reflect, even if they speak what is most true, that it was not enough for Homer himself to be encamped by the banks of his father, nor to swim along with the fish who were his own brothers, according to their story, but he lived such a dry life that he is clearly everywhere content if he had an abundance of necessaries, and accepted makeshift baths, and indeed for the benefit of sick bodies, as Plato says, but did not allow luxury any further.
τὸ δὲ πλείστην ἅπασιν ἁπάντων ὀλιγωρίαν ἐμπεποιηκὸς ἡ ἀδιήγητός ἐστιν αὕτη φθορά.
But what has produced the greatest contempt in everyone for all things is this unspeakable corruption.
πᾶς γάρ τις δεδιὼς μὴ φθάσειε προδιαφθαρεὶς, αὑτὸν ἐλπίζων ἀπόλλυσι, πάντα μὲν τὰ αἴσχιστα ἐν κέρδους τάξει τιθέμενος, πᾶν δʼ ὅσον χρηστὸν ζημίαν καὶ πόνους ἄλλως ὑπολαμβάνων, ὡς εἰ μὴ ἀμφότερα λωβηθεὶς ἀπίοι παρὰ τοὺς πλείονας καὶ τὴν γνώμην καὶ τὸ σῶμα, οὐκ ἐσομένης αὐτῷ χώρας ἐκεῖ.
For everyone, fearing lest he should be forestalled by being ruined beforehand, destroys himself while hoping, putting all the most shameful things in the category of gain, and supposing whatever is useful to be loss and useless labor, as if unless he should depart to the majority ruined in both mind and body, there would be no place for him there.
τὸ δʼ, οἶμαι, πᾶν τοὐναντίον ἦν· ἐπειδὴ τοιαῦτʼ ἀφέστηκεν, ἀπολαῦσαι τοῦ βίου τὰ §424κάλλιστα, ἕως ἔξεστιν, ἵνʼ εἰ μὲν τῆς σωζομένης μοίρας εἴημεν, ἐν τοῖς καλλίστοις σωζοίμεθα, ἐν μαθήμασι καὶ λόγοις, καὶ μὴ τὴν ὕειον ἁρμονίαν ἡρμοσμένοι νύκτα ἐκ νυκτὸς καὶ ἡμέραν ἐξ ἡμέρας καλινδοίμεθα, εἰ δὲ μὴ, κέρδος γʼ ᾖ πᾶν ὅ τί τις προὔλαβεν.
But, I think, it was entirely the opposite: since such things are removed, to enjoy the most beautiful things of life as long as it is permitted, so that if we are of the portion that is saved, we may be saved in the most beautiful things, in studies and speeches, and not, having been tuned to the swinish harmony, wallow night after night and day after day; and if not, that whatever one has taken beforehand may be entirely a gain.
ἢ πρὸς θεῶν λούσασθαι μὲν κέρδος ἐστὶ ζῶντα, ὃ καὶ τελευτήσαντα μενεῖ δήπουθεν, λόγων δὲ ὧν εἴργεσθαι μετὰ τὴν τελευτὴν ἀνάγκη, τούτων ζῶντα ἀπολαῦσαι, καὶ αὐτὸν λέγοντα καὶ ἑτέρῳ παρόντα, ἀηδία, καὶ τῇ μὲν ἑταίρᾳ συγγενέσθαι κεφάλαιον εὐδαιμονίας, ἀνδρὶ δὲ τῷ πρώτῳ τῶν Ἑλλήνων συγγενέσθαι καὶ ὁσονοῦν εἰς κατάραν τελεῖ;
Or, by the gods, is it a gain to bathe while living, which will surely remain for one even when dead, but to enjoy while living those speeches from which one must of necessity be barred after death, both by speaking oneself and by being present with another, is a nuisance? And is to associate with a courtesan the sum of happiness, while to associate even in any degree with the first man of the Greeks counts as a curse?
καὶ τῇ μὲν γαστρὶ χαριστέον, ἐξ ἧς αἱ πλεῖσται τῶν νόσων, ὅσα δʼ εἰς λόγους ὕθλον ἄλλως καὶ σκιὰν ὑποληπτέον, ὦ χρηστοὶ καὶ τὴν οἰκουμένην ὑμεῖς παιδεύοντες πρὶν ὑμᾶς αὐτούς;
And must one gratify the belly, from which most diseases arise, while whatever concerns speeches must be supposed to be mere chatter and a shadow, O you excellent men who educate the inhabited world before yourselves?
ἀλλʼ ὥσπερ ἐμὲ ἀξιοῦτε βούλεσθαι λέγειν, οὕτως ὑμῖν αὐτοῖς παρακελεύσασθε ἐμὲ ποιεῖν βούλεσθαι λέγειν, εἰ δὲ μὴ, ἑκάτεροι τὸ ἑαυτῶν πράξομεν.
But just as you deem it right that I should wish to speak, so exhort yourselves to wish to make me speak; otherwise, we shall each do our own business.
ἐγὼ μὲν γὰρ οὐδʼ οὕτως ἀνήσω λέγων, ἕως ἂν θεὸς εὐμενὴς ᾖ, ὑμεῖς δὲ ἀγνοήσετε ἀεί.
For I shall not even so cease from speaking as long as the god is favorable, but you will be ignorant forever.
ταῦτʼ οὖν, εἰ μὲν βούλεσθε, ἀπολογίαν, εἰ δὲ βούλεσθε, ἐπιτίμησιν ἀπʼ εὐνοίας, εἰ δὲ καὶ ὡς ἀμφότερα εἰρήσεται, ἀλλʼ οὖν ἀληθῆ γε καὶ συμφέροντα ἀκούειν ἅπασιν εἴρηται.
These things, then, if you wish, have been spoken as a defense, and if you wish, as a censure out of goodwill, or if even as both, yet at any rate they have been spoken as true and profitable for all to hear.
ἢ οὖν παυστέον, φησὶ Δημοσθένης, τούτων τῶν ἐθῶν, ἢ τοῦ γʼ Ἱππολύτου καὶ τοῦ Βελλεροφόντου μὴ ῥᾳδίως οὑτωσὶ καταψεύδεσθε.
Either, therefore, "we must make an end of these habits," as Demosthenes says, or at least do not so easily slander Hippolytus and Bellerophon.