Humanitext Reader

Strabo · Geography §9.2.27-9.2.31

Copae, Coroneia, and Other Boeotian Cities

Passage 290 of 577 · Greek

Summary

Following Homer's catalogue, the author describes Copae, Eutresis, Thisbe, Coroneia, Haliartus, Plataeae, and Glissas, explaining their geographical features, historical legends, and poetic references.

§9.2.27εἶτά φησι κώπας Εὔτρησίν τε πολυτρήρωνά τε Θίσβην. περὶ μὲν οὖν Κωπῶν εἴρηται· προσάρκτιος δέ ἐστιν ἐπὶ τῇ Κωπαΐδι λίμνῃ·
Then he says: 'Copae and Eutresis, and Thisbe rich in doves.' Now concerning Copae it has been spoken; it is on the northern side on the Copais lake.
αἱ δʼ ἄλλαι κύκλῳ εἰσὶν αἵδε, Ἀκραιφίαι Φοινικὶς Ὀγχηστὸς Ἁλίαρτος Ὠκαλέα Ἀλαλκομεναὶ Τιλφούσιον Κορώνεια.
And the others around it in a circle are these: Acraephiae, Phoenicis, Onchestus, Haliartus, Ocalea, Alalcomenae, Tilphosium, Coroneia.
καὶ τό γε παλαιὸν οὐκ ἦν τῆς λίμνης κοινὸν ὄνομα, ἀλλὰ καθʼ ἑκάστην πρὸς αὐτῇ κατοικίαν ἐκείνης ἐπώνυμος ἐλέγετο, Κωπαῒς μὲν τῶν Κωπῶν, Ἁλιαρτὶς δὲ Ἁλιάρτου, καὶ οὕτως ἐπὶ τῶν ἄλλων, ὕστερον δʼ ἡ πᾶσα Κωπαῒς ἐλέχθη κατʼ ἐπικράτειαν· κοιλότατον γὰρ τοῦτο τὸ χωρίον.
In ancient times indeed there was no common name for the lake, but it was named after each settlement situated by it: Copais from Copae, Haliartis from Haliartus, and so on for the others; but later the whole was called Copais by prevalence, for this part is the deepest recess.
Πίνδαρος δὲ καὶ Κηφισσίδα καλεῖ ταύτην· παρατίθησι γοῦν τὴν Τιλφῶσσαν κρήνην ὑπὸ τῷ Τιλφωσσίῳ ὄρει ῥέουσαν πλησίον Ἁλιάρτου καὶ Ἀλαλκομενῶν, ἐφʼ ᾗ τὸ Τειρεσίου μνῆμα· αὐτοῦ δὲ καὶ τὸ τοῦ Τιλνος ἱερόν.
And Pindar also calls this lake Cephissis; at any rate he places the Tilphossa spring, which flows under the Tilphossium mountain near Haliartus and Alalcomenae, near which is the tomb of Teiresias; and there also is the sanctuary of Tilphossian [Apollo].
§9.2.28ὁ δὲ ποιητὴς ἐφεξῆς ταῖς Κώπαις Εὔτρησιν τίθησι κώμιον Θεσπιέων· ἐνταῦθά φασι Ζῆθον καὶ Ἀμφίονα οἰκῆσαι πρὶν βασιλεῦσαι Θηβῶν.
And the poet, next to Copae, places Eutresis, a village of the Thespians; there they say Zethus and Amphion dwelt before they ruled over Thebes.
ἡ δὲ Θίσβη Θίσβαι νῦν λέγονται, οἰκεῖται δὲ μικρὸν ὑπὲρ τῆς θαλάττης ὅμορον Θεσπιεῦσι τὸ χωρίον καὶ τῇ Κορωνειακῇ, ὑποπεπτωκὸς ἐκ τοῦ νοτίου μέρους τῷ Ἑλικῶνι καὶ αὐτό·
Thisbe is now called Thisbae; the place is inhabited a little above the sea, bordering on the territory of the Thespians and on that of Coroneia, itself also lying under Helicon on its southern side.
ἐπίνειον δʼ ἔχει πετρῶδες περιστερῶν μεστόν, ἐφʼ οὗ φησιν ὁ ποιητὴς πολυτρήρωνά τε Θίσβην. πλοῦς δʼ ἐστὶν ἐνθένδε εἰς Σικυῶνα σταδίων ἑκατὸν ἑξήκοντα.
It has a rocky seaport full of doves, on account of which the poet says: 'and Thisbe rich in doves.' And the voyage from there to Sicyon is one hundred and sixty stadia.
§9.2.29ἑξῆς δὲ Κορώνειαν καταλέγει καὶ Ἁλίαρτον καὶ Πλαταιὰς καὶ Γλίσσαντα.
Next he lists Coroneia, Haliartus, Plataeae, and Glissas.
ἡ μὲν οὖν Κορώνεια ἐγγὺς τοῦ Ἑλικῶνός ἐστιν ἐφʼ ὕψους ἱδρυμένη, κατελάβοντο δʼ αὐτὴν ἐπανιόντες ἐκ τῆς Θετταλικῆς Ἄρνης οἱ Βοιωτοὶ μετὰ τὰ Τρωικά, ὅτε περ καὶ τὸν Ὀρχομενὸν ἔσχον·
Now Coroneia is situated on a high place near Helicon; the Boeotians, returning from Thessalian Arne after the Trojan War, occupied it, at which time they also took possession of Orchomenus.
κρατήσαντες δὲ τῆς Κορωνείας ἐν τῷ πρὸ αὐτῆς πεδίῳ τὸ τῆς Ἰτωνίας Ἀθηνᾶς ἱερὸν ἱδρύσαντο ὁμώνυμον τῷ Θετταλικῷ, καὶ τὸν παραρρέοντα ποταμὸν Κουάριον προσηγόρευσαν ὁμοφώνως τῷ ἐκεῖ.
Having gained control of Coroneia, they established in the plain in front of it the sanctuary of Itonian Athena, named after the Thessalian one, and they named the river flowing by it Cuarius, homonymously with the one there.
Ἀλκαῖος δὲ καλεῖ Κωράλιον λέγων ασσʼ Ἀθανάα πολε, ἅ ποι Κορωνίας ἐπὶ λαΐω ναύω πάροιθεν ἀμφι Κωραλίω ποταμῶ παρʼ ὄχθαις. ἐνταῦθα δὲ καὶ τὰ Παμβοιώτια συντέλουν· συγκαθίδρυται δὲ τῇ Ἀθηνᾷ ὁ Ἅιδης κατά τινα, ὥς φασι, μυστικὴν αἰτίαν.
Alcaeus, however, calls it Coralius, saying: '... Queen Athena, goddess of war, who indeed [stands] before the stone temple of Coroneia, along the banks of the river Coralius.' And there they also celebrated the Pamboeotia festival; and Hades is enshrined together with Athena, as they say, for some mystical reason.
οἱ μὲν οὖν ἐν τῇ Κορωνείᾳ Κορώνιοι λέγονται, οἱ δʼ ἐν τῇ Μεσσηνιακῇ Κορωναεῖς.
Now, the inhabitants in the [Boeotian] Coroneia are called Coronii, but those in the Messenian [Coroneia] are called Coronaeis.
§9.2.30Ἁλίαρτος δὲ νῦν οὐκέτι ἐστὶ κατασκαφεῖσα ἐν τῷ πρὸς Περσέα πολέμῳ, τὴν χώραν δʼ ἔχουσιν Ἀθηναῖοι δόντων Ῥωμαίων.
Haliartus is now no longer in existence, having been razed to the ground in the war against Perseus, and the Athenians hold its territory, the Romans having given it to them.
ἔκειτο δὲ ἐν στενῷ χωρίῳ μεταξὺ ὑπερκειμένου ὄρους καὶ τῆς Κωπαΐδος λίμνης πλησίον τοῦ Περμησσοῦ καὶ τοῦ Ὀλμειοῦ καὶ τοῦ ἕλους τοῦ φύοντος τὸν αὐλητικὸν κάλαμον.
It was situated in a narrow place between the overhanging mountain and the Copais lake, near the Permessus and the Olmeius, and the marsh that produces the reed used for flutes.
§9.2.31Πλαταιαὶ δέ, ἃς ἑνικῶς εἶπεν ὁ ποιητής, ὑπὸ τῷ Κιθαιρῶνί εἰσι μεταξὺ αὐτοῦ καὶ Θηβῶν κατὰ τὴν ὁδὸν τὴν εἰς Ἀθήνας καὶ Μέγαρα ἐπὶ τῶν ὅρων τῶν τῆς Ἀττικῆς καὶ τῆς Βοιωτίας.
Plataeae, which the poet mentioned in the singular, is situated under Mount Cithaeron, between it and Thebes, along the road leading to Athens and Megara on the boundaries of Attica and Boeotia.
γὰρ Ἐλευθεραὶ πλησίον, ἃς οἱ μὲν τῆς Βοιωτίας φασίν.
For Eleutherae is nearby, which some indeed say belongs to Boeotia.
εἴρηται δʼ ὅτι παραρρεῖ τὰς Πλαταιὰς ὁ Ἀσωπός.
And it has been said that the Asopus flows past Plataeae.
ἐνταῦθα Μαρδόνιον καὶ τὰς τριάκοντα μυριάδας Περσῶν αἱ τῶν Ἑλλήνων δυνάμεις ἄρδην ἠφάνισαν· ἱδρύσαντό τε ἐλευθερίου Διὸς ἱερὸν καὶ ἀγῶνα γυμνικὸν στεφανίτην ἀπέδειξαν, Ἐλευθέρια προσαγορεύσαντες· ταφή τε δείκνυται δημοσία τῶν τελευτησάντων ἐν τῇ μάχῃ.
Here the Greek forces utterly annihilated Mardonius and his three hundred thousand Persians; and they established the sanctuary of Zeus Eleutherios and instituted a crown-bearing athletic contest, calling it Eleutheria; and there is shown the public burial of those who died in the battle.
ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἐν τῇ Σικυωνίᾳ δῆμος Πλαταιαί, ὅθενπερ ἦν Μνασάλκης ὁ ποιητής.
There is also in Sicyonia a deme called Plataeae, from which very place came Mnasalces the poet.
Γλίσσαντα δὲ λέγει κατοικίαν ἐν τῷ Ὑπάτῳ ὄρει ὅ ἐστιν ἐν τῇ Θηβαϊκῇ πλησίον Τευμησσοῦ καὶ τῆς Καδμείας, ᾧ ίπτει τὸ Ἀόνιον καλούμενον πεδίον, ὃ διατείνει ν ἀπὸ τοῦ Ὑπάτου ὄρους.
As for Glissas, he speaks of it as a settlement on Mount Hypatus, which is in the Theban territory near Teumessus and Cadmeia, below which lies the so-called Aonian plain, extending from Mount Hypatus.

Notes

  1. §9.2.27κατʼ ἐπικράτειαν — Meaning 'by prevalence' or 'by predominance'. It indicates that the name of Copae (Κῶπαι), which lay at the deepest recess of the lake, came to prevail as the name of the entire body of water.
  2. §9.2.28ὑποπεπτωκὸς ... τῷ Ἑλικῶνι — The present participle ὑποπεπτωκός is in the neuter singular accusative (agreeing with τὸ χωρίον), and the dative τῷ Ἑλικῶνι is governed by the compound verb ὑποπίπτω (to lie at the foot of, or under).
  3. §9.2.29κατελάβοντο δʼ αὐτὴν ἐπανιόντες ... οἱ Βοιωτοὶ — The present participle ἐπανιόντες (returning) agrees with οἱ Βοιωτοὶ, the subject of the main verb κατελάβοντο, expressing the temporal or circumstantial background of their occupation of Coroneia as they returned from Thessalian Arne.
  4. §9.2.31ᾧ ίπτει — A corrupted or lacunose passage in the manuscript. It is commonly emended and read as ᾧ ὑποπίπτει (below which lies...). The relative pronoun ᾧ (dative singular neuter) refers back to Mount Hypatus (Ὑπάτῳ ὄρει).

Cite this passage

Strabo, Geography §9.2.27-9.2.31. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0099.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:9.2.27-9.2.31

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