§8.7.3εἴκοσι μὲν δὴ ἔτη διετέλεσαν γραμματέα κοινὸν ἔχοντες καὶ στρατηγοὺς δύο κατʼ ἐνιαυτὸν οἱ Ἀχαιοί, καὶ κοινοβούλιον εἰς ἕνα τόπον συνήγετο αὐτοῖς (ἐκαλεῖτο δὲ Ἁμάριον) ἐν ᾧ τὰ κοινὰ ἐχρημάτιζον καὶ οὗτοι καὶ Ἴωνες πρότερον· εἶτα ἔδοξεν ἕνα χειροτονεῖσθαι στρατηγόν.
The Achaeans indeed continued for twenty years having a common secretary and two generals annually, and their common council assembled in one place (it was called Hamarion), in which both they and, formerly, the Ionians transacted public business; afterwards, it was decided to elect one general.
Ἄρατος δὲ στρατηγήσας ἀφείλετο Ἀντίγονον τὸν Ἀκροκόρινθον, καὶ τὴν πόλιν τοῖς Ἀχαιοῖς προσέθηκε καθάπερ καὶ τὴν πατρίδα· προσελάβετο δὲ καὶ Μεγαρέας· καὶ τὰς παρʼ ἑκάστοις τυραννίδας καταλύων Ἀχαιοὺς ἐποίει τοὺς ἐλευθερωθέντας τὴν δὲ Πελοπόννησον ἠλευθέρωσε τῶν τυραννίδων, ὥστε καὶ Ἄργος καὶ Ἑρμιὼν καὶ Φλιοῦς καὶ Μεγάλη πόλις, ἡ μεγίστη τῶν ἐν Ἀρκαδίᾳ, προσετέθη τοῖς Ἀχαιοῖς, ὅτε δὴ καὶ πλεῖστον ηὔξηντο.
And Aratus, having served as general, took Acrocorinthus away from Antigonus, and added the city to the Achaeans, just as he had done with his own homeland; he also won over the Megarians; and by abolishing the tyrannies in each of the states, he made the liberated peoples Achaeans; and he freed the Peloponnesus from tyrannies, so that Argos, Hermione, Phlius, and Megalopolis, the largest of the cities in Arcadia, were added to the Achaeans, at which time indeed they increased to their greatest extent.
ἦν δʼ ὁ καιρὸς ἡνίκα Ῥωμαῖοι Καρχηδονίους ἐκ τῆς Σικελίας ἐκβαλόντες ἐστράτευσαν ἐπὶ τοὺς περὶ τὸν Πάδον Γαλάτας.
This was the period when the Romans, having expelled the Carthaginians from Sicily, made a campaign against the Galatians about the Padus.
μέχρι δὲ τῆς Φιλοποίμενος στρατηγίας συμμείναντες ἱκανῶς οἱ Ἀχαιοὶ διελύθησαν κατʼ ὀλίγον, ἤδη Ῥωμαίων ἐχόντων τὴν Ἑλλάδα σύμπασαν καὶ οὐ τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον ἑκάστοις χρωμένων, ἀλλὰ τοὺς μὲν συνέχειν τοὺς δὲ καταλύειν βουλομένων
The Achaeans, remaining well-united until the generalship of Philopoemen, were gradually dissolved, since the Romans now held the whole of Greece and did not treat all in the same manner, but wished to maintain some together and to dissolve others.
§8.7.4ἡ δὲ τάξις τῶν τόπων, οὓς κατῴκουν εἰς δώδεκα μέρη διῃρημένοι, τοιαύτη τίς ἐστι· μετὰ Σικυῶνα Πελλήνη κεῖται· εἶτα Αἴγειρα δευτέρα· τρίτη Αἰγαί, Ποσειδῶνος ἱερὸν ἔχουσα· τετάρτη Βοῦρα· μετʼ αὐτὴν Ἑλίκη, εἰς ἣν καταπεφεύγεισαν Ἴωνες, μάχῃ κρατηθέντες ὑπʼ Ἀχαιῶν, καὶ τὸ τελευταῖον ἐξέπεσον ἐνθένδε· μετὰ δὲ Ἑλίκην Αἴγιον καὶ Ῥύπες καὶ Πατρεῖς καὶ Φαρεῖς· εἶτʼ Ὤλενος, παρʼ ὃν Πεῖρος ποταμὸς μέγας· εἶτα Δύμη καὶ Τριταιεῖς.
The order of the places, which they inhabited after being divided into twelve parts, is somewhat as follows: after Sicyon lies Pellene; then Aegeira is second; third is Aegae, which has a temple of Poseidon; fourth is Bura; after it is Helice, into which the Ionians had fled for refuge when they were conquered in battle by the Achaeans, and from which they were finally expelled; and after Helice, Aegium, Rhypes, Patrae, and Pharae; then Olenus, near which is the Peirus, a large river; then Dyme and Tritaeis.
οἱ μὲν οὖν Ἴωνες κωμηδὸν ᾤκουν, οἱ δʼ Ἀχαιοὶ πόλεις ἔκτισαν, ὧν εἴς τινας ὕστερον συνῴκισαν καὶ ἐκ τῶν ἄλλων μερίδων ἐνίας, καθάπερ τὰς Αἰγὰς εἰς Αἴγειραν (Αἰγαῖοι δʼ ἐλέγοντο οἱ ἐνοικοῦντες), Ὤλενον δὲ εἰς Δύμην.
The Ionians, then, lived in villages, but the Achaeans founded cities, into some of which they afterwards brought as joint settlers some of the other parts, just as they merged Aegae into Aegeira (the inhabitants were called Aegaeans) and Olenus into Dyme.
δείκνυται δʼ ἴχνη μεταξὺ Πατρῶν καὶ Δύμης τοῦ παλαιοῦ τῶν Ὠλενίων κτίσματος· αὐτοῦ δὲ καὶ τὸ τοῦ Ἀσκληπιοῦ ἱερὸν ἐπίσημον, Δύμης μὲν ἀπέχει τετταράκοντα σταδίους, Πατρῶν δὲ ὀγδοήκοντα.
And traces of the ancient settlement of the Olenians are pointed out between Patrae and Dyme; and there is also the famous temple of Asclepius, which is forty stadia distant from Dyme and eighty from Patrae.
ὁμώνυμοι δʼ εἰσὶ ταῖς μὲν Αἰγαῖς ταύταις αἱ ἐν Εὐβοίᾳ, τῷ δὲ Ὠλένῳ τὸ ἐν Αἰτωλίᾳ κτίσμα καὶ αὐτὸ ἴχνη σῶζον μόνον.
And of the same name as this Aegae are the Aegae in Euboea, and of the same name as Olenus is the settlement in Aetolia, which itself also preserves only traces.
ὁ δὲ ποιητὴς τοῦ μὲν ἐν Ἀχαΐᾳ Ὠλένου οὐ μέμνηται, ὥσπερ οὐδʼ ἄλλων πλειόνων τῶν περὶ τὸν Αἰγιαλὸν οἰκούντων, ἀλλὰ κοινότερον λέγει
"
αἰγιαλόν τʼ ἀνὰ πάντα καὶ ἀμφʼ Ἑλίκην εὐρεῖαν.
But the poet does not mention the Olenus in Achaea, just as he does not mention several others of those who lived about the Aegialus, but speaks more generally: "And along the whole Aegialus and about spacious Helice.
"
τοῦ δʼ Αἰτωλικοῦ μέμνηται ὅταν φῇ
"
οἳ Πλευρῶνʼ ἐνέμοντο καὶ Ὤλενον.
"But he mentions the Aetolian Olenus when he says: "They who inhabited Pleuron and Olenus.
"
τὰς δʼ Αἰγὰς ἀμφοτέρας λέγει, τὴν μὲν Ἀχαϊκήν
"
οἱ δέ τοι εἰς Ἑλίκην τε καὶ Αἰγὰς δῶρʼ ἀνάγουσι.
"And he mentions both places named Aegae, the Achaean one: "They bring gifts to you to Helice and Aegae.
"
ὅταν δὲ φῇ
"
Αἰγάς, ἔνθα τέ οἱ κλυτὰ δώματα βένθεσι λίμνης· "
"
ἔνθʼ ἵππους ἔστησε Ποσειδάων,
"
βέλτιον δέχεσθαι τὰς ἐν Εὐβοίᾳ, ἀφʼ ὧν εἰκὸς καὶ τὸ πέλαγος Αἰγαῖον λεχθῆναι· ἐκεῖ δὲ καὶ τῷ Ποσειδῶνι ἡ πραγματεία πεποίηται ἡ περὶ τὸν Τρωικὸν πόλεμον.
"And when he says: "To Aegae, where is his famous palace in the depths of the lake; "" There Poseidon stayed his horses, "it is better to understand the Aegae in Euboea, from which it is probable that the Aegean Sea was also named; and there too is where the activity of Poseidon concerning the Trojan War is represented as taking place.
πρὸς δὲ ταῖς Ἀχαϊκαῖς Αἰγαῖς ὁ Κρᾶθις ῥεῖ ποταμὸς ἐκ δυεῖν ποταμῶν αὐξόμενος, ἀπὸ τοῦ κίρνασθαι τὴν ὀνομασίαν ἔχων· ἀφʼ οὗ καὶ ὁ ἐν Ἰταλίᾳ Κρᾶθις.
And near the Achaean Aegae flows the River Crathis, increased by two rivers, having its name from being mixed; from which also the Crathis in Italy is named.