§8.6.6περὶ δὲ τῆς Ἑλλάδος καὶ Ἑλλήνων καὶ Πανελλήνων ἀντιλέγεται.
Concerning Greece, the Greeks, and the Panhellenes, there is dispute.
Θουκυδίδης μὲν γὰρ τὸν ποιητὴν μηδαμοῦ βαρβάρους εἰπεῖν φησι διὰ τὸ μηδὲ Ἕλληνάς πω τὸ ἀντίπαλον εἰς ἓν ὄνομα ἀποκεκρίσθαι.
For Thucydides says that the poet nowhere speaks of "barbarians" because the Greeks themselves had not yet been distinguished into a single opposing name.
καὶ Ἀπολλόδωρος δὲ μόνους τοὺς ἐν Θετταλίᾳ καλεῖσθαί φησιν
Μυρμιδόνες δὲ καλεῦντο καὶ Ἕλληνες. Ἡσίοδον μέντοι καὶ Ἀρχίλοχον ἤδη εἰδέναι καὶ Ἕλληνας λεγομένους τοὺς σύμπαντας καὶ Πανέλληνας, τὸν μὲν περὶ τῶν Προιτίδων λέγοντα ὡς Πανέλληνες ἐμνήστευον αὐτάς, τὸν δὲ
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ὡς Πανελλήνων ὀιζὺς ἐς Θάσον συνέδραμεν. "
ἄλλοι δʼ ἀντιτιθέασιν ὅτι καὶ βαρβάρους εἴρηκεν, εἰπών γε βαρβαροφώνους τοὺς Κᾶρας, καὶ Ἕλληνας τοὺς πάντας
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ἀνδρός, τοῦ κλέος εὐρὺ καθʼ Ἑλλάδα καὶ μέσον Ἄργος· "
καὶ πάλιν
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εἰ δʼ ἐθέλῃς ἀνʼ Ἑλλάδα καὶ μέσον Ἄργος. " §8.6.7ἡ μὲν οὖν πόλις ἡ τῶν Ἀργείων ἐν χωρίοις ἐπιπέδοις ἵδρυται τὸ πλέον, ἄκραν δʼ ἔχει τὴν καλουμένην Λάρισαν, λόφον εὐερκῆ μετρίως ἔχοντα ἱερὸν Διός·
And Apollodorus says that only those in Thessaly were so called: "And they were called Myrmidons and Hellenes." However, he says that Hesiod and Archilochus already knew that all were called both Hellenes and Panhellenes, the former speaking of the daughters of Proetus, how "the Panhellenes wooed them," and the latter: "How the misery of the Panhellenes ran together to Thasos." But others counter that he did speak of "barbarians," since he called the Carians "barbarous of speech," and spoke of all as Hellenes: "of a man whose fame is wide through Hellas and mid-Argos;" and again: "and if you wish to go through Hellas and mid-Argos." Now, the city of the Argives is situated for the most part in flat places, but it has as its acropolis the one called Larissa, a moderately well-fortified hill containing a temple of Zeus; and near it flows the Inachus, a torrent-like river having its sources from Lyrceium.
ῥεῖ δʼ αὐτῆς πλησίον ὁ Ἴναχος χαραδρώδης ποταμὸς τὰς πηγὰς ἔχων ἐκ Λυρκείου. περὶ δὲ τῶν μυθευομένων πηγῶν εἴρηται διότι πλάσματα ποιητῶν ἐστί· πλάσμα δὲ καὶ τὸ Ἄργος ἄνυδρον
θεοὶ δʼ αὖ θέσαν Ἄργος ἔνυδρον
τῆς τε χώρας κοίλης οὔσης καὶ ποταμοῖς διαρρεομένης καὶ ἕλη καὶ λίμνας παρεχομένης, καὶ τῆς πόλεως εὐπορουμένης ὕδασι φρεάτων πολλῶν καὶ ἐπιπολαίων.
Concerning the mythologized sources, it has been said that they are inventions of poets; and an invention also is the "waterless Argos," [in contrast to:] "but the gods, in turn, made Argos well-watered," since the country is low-lying and drained by rivers and presents marshes and lakes, and the city is well-provided with the waters of many and easily accessible wells.
αἰτιῶνται δὲ τῆς ἀπάτης τὸ
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καί κεν ἐλέγχιστος πολυδίψιον Ἄργος ἱκοίμην. "
τοῦτο δʼ ἤτοι ἀντὶ τοῦ πολυπόθητον κεῖται, ἢ χωρὶς τοῦ δ πολυίψιον, ὡς
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πολύφθορόν τε δῶμα Πελοπιδῶν τόδε
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φησὶ Σοφοκλῆς· τὸ γὰρ ἴψασθαι φθοράν τινα καὶ βλάβην σημαίνει
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νῦν μὲν πειρᾶται, τάχα δʼ ἴψεται υἷας Ἀχαιῶν
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κατὰ χρόα καλὸν ἰάψῃ. "
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Ἄιδι προίαψεν
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ἄλλως τε οὐ τὴν πόλιν λέγει τὸ Ἄργος (οὐ γὰρ ἐκεῖσε ἔμελλεν ἀφίξεσθαι) ἀλλὰ τὴν Πελοπόννησον, οὐ δήπου καὶ ταύτην διψηρὰν οὖσαν.
They blame for the deception the verse: "and I would return most disgraced to thirsty Argos." And this either stands for "much-longed-for", or, without the "d", "polyipsion" [much-harming], as "and this much-destroying house of the Pelopidae," says Sophocles; for "ipsasthai" [to harm] signifies a certain destruction and harm: "now he makes trial, but soon he will harm the sons of the Achaeans," "you will harm your fair skin." "hurled forward to Hades" Moreover, he does not mean the city by "Argos" (for he was not about to arrive there) but the Peloponnese, which is surely not thirsty either.
καὶ σὺν τῷ ltδgt δὲ ὑπερβατῶς δέχονταί συναλιφὴν μετὰ τοῦ συνδέσμου τοῦ δέ, ἵνʼ ᾖ οὕτως
καί κεν ἐλέγχιστος πολὺ δʼ ἴψιον Ἄργος ἱκοίμην,
πολυίψιον Ἄργοσδε ἱκοίμην ἀντὶ τοῦ εἰς Ἄργος.
And with the "d" they take it hyperbatically with elision along with the conjunction "de", so that it would be thus: "and I would return most disgraced, and much-harmed to Argos," "polyipsion Argosde" [to much-harmed Argos] instead of "eis Argos" [to Argos].
§8.6.8εἷς μὲν δὴ Ἴναχός ἐστιν ὁ διαρρέων τὴν Ἀργείαν· ἄλλος δὲ ποταμὸς Ἐρασῖνος ἐν τῇ Ἀργείᾳ ἐστίν· οὗτος δὲ τὰς ἀρχὰς ἐκ Στυμφάλου τῆς Ἀρκαδίας λαμβάνει καὶ τῆς ἐκεῖ λίμνης τῆς καλουμένης Στυμφαλίδος, ἐν ᾗ τὰς ὄρνεις μυθολογοῦσι τὰς ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἡρακλέους τοξεύμασι καὶ τυμπάνοις ἐξελαθείσας, καὶ αὐτὰς καλοῦσι Στυμφαλίδας· δύντα δʼ ὑπὸ γῆς φασὶ τὸν ποταμὸν τοῦτον ἐκπίπτειν εἰς τὴν Ἀργείαν καὶ ποιεῖν ἐπίρρυτον τὸ πεδίον· ῥεῖ δὲ καὶ ἄλλος ὁμώνυμος ἐκ τῆς Ἀρκαδίας εἰς τὸν κατὰ Βοῦραν αἰγιαλόν· ἄλλος δʼ ἐστὶν ὁ Ἐρετρικός, καὶ ὁ ἐν τῇ Ἀττικῇ κατὰ Βραυρῶνα.
One Inachus, then, is the one flowing through the Argive territory; and another river, the Erasinus, is in the Argive territory; this one takes its sources from Stymphalus in Arcadia and the lake there called Stymphalis, where they mythologize the birds driven out by Heracles with arrows and drums, and they call them Stymphalian; and they say that this river, having sunk under the earth, emerges into the Argive territory and makes the plain well-watered; and another of the same name flows from Arcadia to the coast near Bura; and another is the Eretrian, and the one in Attica near Brauron.
δείκνυται δὲ καὶ Ἀμυμώνη τις κρήνη κατὰ Λέρνην.
And there is also shown a certain spring Amymone near Lerne.
ἡ δὲ Λέρνη λίμνη τῆς Ἀργείας ἐστὶ καὶ τῆς Μυκηναίας, ἐν ᾗ τὴν Ὕδραν ἱστοροῦσι· διὰ δὲ τοὺς γινομένους καθαρμοὺς ἐν αὐτῇ παροιμία τις ἐξέπεσε
Λέρνη κακῶν. τὴν μὲν οὖν χώραν συγχωροῦσιν εὐυδρεῖν, αὐτὴν δὲ τὴν πόλιν ἐν ἀνύδρῳ χωρίῳ κεῖσθαι, φρεάτων δʼ εὐπορεῖν, ἃ ταῖς Δαναΐσιν ἀνάπτουσιν, ὡς ἐκείνων ἐξευρουσῶν, ἀφʼ οὗ καὶ τὸ ἔπος εἰπεῖν τοῦτο
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Ἄργος ἄνυδρον ἐὸν Δανααὶ θέσαν Ἄργος ἔνυδρον,
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τῶν δὲ φρεάτων τέτταρα καὶ ἱερὰ ἀποδειχθῆναι καὶ τιμᾶσθαι διαφερόντως, ἐν εὐπορίᾳ ὑδάτων ἀπορίαν εἰσάγοντες.
And Lerne is a lake of the Argive and Mycenaean territory, in which they set the history of the Hydra; and because of the purifications that took place in it, a proverb arose: "A Lerne of evils." Now, they agree that the country is well-watered, but that the city itself lies in a waterless place, but is well-supplied with wells, which they attribute to the daughters of Danaus, as they having discovered them, whence also this verse is spoken: "The daughters of Danaus made Argos, which was waterless, well-watered Argos," and of these wells, four were designated as sacred and are honored especially, thus introducing a scarcity in the midst of an abundance of waters.