§6.1.3ἐροῦμεν δὲ κοινῶς ἃ παρειλήφαμεν, οὐδὲν παρὰ τοῦτο ποιούμενοι τοὺς τὴν μεσόγαιαν οἰκοῦντας, Λευκανούς τε καὶ τοὺς προσεχεῖς αὐτοῖς Σαυνίτας.
But we shall speak in common of what we have received, making no distinction because of this concerning those who inhabit the interior, both the Lucanians and the Samnites adjacent to them.
Πετηλία μὲν οὖν μητρόπολις νομίζεται τῶν Λευκανῶν καὶ συνοικεῖται μέχρι νῦν ἱκανῶς.
Petelia, then, is considered the metropolis of the Lucanians and is adequately inhabited up to now.
κτίσμα δʼ ἐστὶ Φιλοκτήτου φυγόντος τὴν Μελίβοιαν κατὰ στάσιν.
It is a foundation of Philoctetes, who fled Meliboea on account of a faction.
ἐρυμνὴ δʼ ἐστίν, ὥστε καὶ Σαυνῖταί ποτε Θουρίοις ἐπετείχισαν αὐτήν.
And it is strong, so that even the Samnites once fortified it against the Thurians.
Φιλοκτήτου δʼ ἐστὶ καὶ ἡ παλαιὰ Κρίμισσα περὶ τοὺς αὐτοὺς τόπους.
Old Crimissa, in the same region, also belongs to Philoctetes.
Ἀπολλόδωρος δʼ ἐν τοῖς περὶ νεῶν τοῦ Φιλοκτήτου μνησθεὶς λέγειν τινάς φησιν, ὡς εἰς τὴν Κροτωνιᾶτιν ἀφικόμενος Κρίμισσαν ἄκραν οἰκίσαι καὶ Χώνην πόλιν ὑπὲρ αὐτῆς, ἀφʼ ἧς οἱ ταύτῃ Χῶνες ἐκλήθησαν, παρʼ αὐτοῦ δέ τινες σταλέντες εἰς Σικελίαν περὶ Ἔρυκα μετὰ Αἰγέστου τοῦ Τρωὸς Αἴγεσταν τειχίσαιεν.
And Apollodorus, in his 'On the Ships', having mentioned Philoctetes, says that some tell how, having arrived in the Crotoniatis, he founded the promontory Crimissa, and Chone, a city above it, from which the Chones in this region were named, and that some sent by him to Sicily, around Eryx, fortified Aegesta along with Aegestus the Trojan.
καὶ Γρουμεντὸν δὲ καὶ Ὀυερτῖναι τῆς μεσογαίας εἰσὶ καὶ Καλάσαρνα καὶ ἄλλαι μικραὶ κατοικίαι μέχρι Ὀυενουσίας πόλεως ἀξιολόγου· ταύτην δʼ οἶμαι καὶ τὰς ἐφεξῆς ἐπὶ Καμπανίαν ἰόντι Σαυνίτιδας εἶναι.
Both Grumentum and Vertinae are in the interior, as well as Calasarna and other small settlements up to Venusia, a noteworthy city; and I think that this and the subsequent Samnite cities for one going towards Campania belong to the Samnites.
ὑπὲρ δὲ τῶν Θουρίων καὶ ἡ Ταυριανὴ χώρα λεγομένη ἵδρυται.
Above Thurii is also situated the so-called Tauriana territory.
οἱ δὲ Λευκανοὶ τὸ μὲν γένος εἰσὶ Σαυνῖται, Ποσειδωνιατῶν δὲ καὶ τῶν συμμάχων κρατήσαντες πολέμῳ κατέσχον τὰς πόλεις αὐτῶν.
The Lucanians are Samnites by race, and having conquered the Poseidoniatae and their allies in war, they occupied their cities.
τὸν μὲν οὖν ἄλλον χρόνον ἐδημοκρατοῦντο, ἐν δὲ τοῖς πολέμοις ᾑρεῖτο βασιλεὺς ἀπὸ τῶν νεμομένων ἀρχάς· νῦν δʼ εἰσὶ Ῥωμαῖοι.
In other times they had a democracy, but in times of war a king was chosen from those holding offices; but now they are Romans.
§6.1.4τὴν δʼ ἑξῆς παραλίαν Βρέττιοι μέχρι τοῦ Σικελικοῦ κατέχουσι πορθμοῦ σταδίων πεντήκοντα καὶ τριακοσίων ἐπὶ τοῖς χιλίοις.
The next coast is held by the Bruttians as far as the Sicilian strait for one thousand three hundred and fifty stadia.
φησὶ δʼ Ἀντίοχος ἐν τῷ περὶ τῆς Ἰταλίας συγγράμματι ταύτην Ἰταλίαν κληθῆναι καὶ περὶ ταύτης συγγράφειν, πρότερον δʼ Οἰνωτρίαν προσαγορεύεσθαι.
Antiochus, in his treatise 'On Italy', says that this was called Italy and that he writes concerning this, though it was previously called Oenotria.
ὅριον δʼ αὐτῆς ἀποφαίνει πρὸς μὲν τῷ Τυρρηνικῷ πελάγει τὸ αὐτὸ ὅπερ καὶ τῆς Βρεττανῆς ἔφαμεν, τὸν Λᾶον ποταμόν, πρὸς δὲ τῷ Σικελικῷ τὸ Μεταπόντιον.
And he declares its boundary on the Tyrrhenian Sea to be the same as that which we said of the Bruttian land, the river Laüs, and on the Sicilian Sea, Metapontum.
τὴν δὲ Ταραντίνην, ἣ συνεχὴς τῷ Μεταποντίῳ ἐστίν, ἐκτὸς τῆς Ἰταλίας ὀνομάζει, Ἰάπυγας καλῶν.
But the Tarentine territory, which is continuous with Metapontum, he names outside of Italy, calling the inhabitants Iapyges.
ἔτι δʼ ἀνώτερον Οἰνωτρούς τε καὶ Ἰταλοὺς μόνους ἔφη καλεῖσθαι τοὺς ἐντὸς τοῦ ἰσθμοῦ πρὸς τὸν Σικελικὸν κεκλιμένους πορθμόν.
And still earlier, he said that only those within the isthmus who slope towards the Sicilian strait were called Oenotrians and Italians.
ἔστι δʼ αὐτὸς ὁ ἰσθμὸς ἑκατὸν καὶ ἑξήκοντα στάδιοι μεταξὺ δυεῖν κόλπων, τοῦ τε Ἱππωνιάτου, ὃν Ἀντίοχος Ναπητῖνον εἴρηκε, καὶ τοῦ Σκυλλητικοῦ.
This isthmus itself is one hundred and sixty stadia between two gulfs, the Hipponiates, which Antiochus called Napetinus, and the Scylleticus.
περίπλους δʼ ἐστὶ τῆς ἀπολαμβανομένης χώρας πρὸς τὸν πορθμὸν ἐντὸς στάδιοι δισχίλιοι.
And the voyage around the enclosed land inside towards the strait is two thousand stadia.
μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ἐπεκτείνεσθαί φησι τοὔνομα καὶ τὸ τῆς Ἰταλίας καὶ τὸ τῶν Οἰνωτρῶν μέχρι τῆς Μεταποντίνης καὶ τῆς Σειρίτιδος· οἰκῆσαι γὰρ τοὺς τόπους τούτους Χῶνας, Οἰνωτρικὸν ἔθνος κατακοσμούμενον, καὶ τὴν γῆν ὀνομάσαι Χώνην.
After this, he says that the name of Italy and that of the Oenotrians was extended up to the Metapontine and the Siritis territories; for the Chones, an Oenotrian tribe who were well-ordered, inhabited these regions, and named the land Chone.
οὗτος μὲν οὖν ἁπλουστέρως εἴρηκε καὶ ἀρχαϊκῶς, οὐδὲν διορίσας περὶ τῶν Λευκανῶν καὶ τῶν Βρεττίων.
This writer, then, has spoken rather simply and in an archaic manner, without distinguishing anything concerning the Lucanians and the Bruttians.
ἔστι δʼ ἡ μὲν Λευκανία μεταξὺ τῆς τε παραλίας τῆς Τυρρηνικῆς καὶ τῆς Σικελικῆς, τῆς μὲν ἀπὸ τοῦ Σιλάριδος μέχρι Λάου, τῆς δʼ ἀπὸ τοῦ Μεταποντίου μέχρι Θουρίων· κατὰ δὲ τὴν ἤπειρον ἀπὸ Σαυνιτῶν μέχρι τοῦ ἰσθμοῦ τοῦ ἀπὸ Θουρίων εἰς Κηρίλλους πλησίον Λάου· στάδιοι δʼ εἰσὶ τοῦ ἰσθμοῦ τριακόσιοι.
But Lucania is between the Tyrrhenian and the Sicilian coasts, the former from the Silaris to the Laüs, the latter from Metapontum to Thurii; and in the interior, from the Samnites to the isthmus from Thurii to Cerilli near Laüs; and this isthmus is three hundred stadia.
ὑπὲρ δὲ τούτων Βρέττιοι χερρόνησον οἰκοῦντες· ἐν ταύτῃ δʼ ἄλλη περιείληπται χερρόνησος ἡ τὸν ἰσθμὸν ἔχουσα τὸν ἀπὸ Σκυλλητίου ἐπὶ τὸν Ἱππωνιάτην κόλπον.
Above these are the Bruttians, who inhabit a peninsula; and in this is enclosed another peninsula which has the isthmus from Scylletium to the Hipponiates gulf.
ὠνόμασται δὲ τὸ ἔθνος ὑπὸ Λευκανῶν· βρεττίους γὰρ καλοῦσι τοὺς ἀποστάτας· ἀπέστησαν δʼ, ὥς φασι, ποιμαίνοντες αὐτοῖς πρότερον, εἶθʼ ὑπὸ ἀνέσεως ἐλευθεριάσαντες, ἡνίκα ἐπεστράτευσε Δίων Διονυσίῳ καὶ ἐξετάραξεν ἅπαντας πρὸς ἅπαντας.
The tribe was named by the Lucanians; for they call revolters "brettioi"; and they revolted, as they say, having previously acted as shepherds for them, and then, having asserted their freedom because of laxity, when Dion made war on Dionysius and threw everyone into confusion against everyone.
τὰ καθόλου μὲν δὴ ταῦτα περὶ Λευκανῶν καὶ Βρεττίων λέγομεν.
These are the general things we have to say concerning the Lucanians and the Bruttians.