§5.3.11̔η Ὀυαλερία δʼ ἄρχεται μὲν ἀπὸ Τιβούρων, ἄγει δʼ ἐπὶ Μαρσοὺς καὶ Κορφίνιον τὴν τῶν Πελίγνων μητρόπολιν.
The Valerian road begins from Tibur, and leads to the Marsi and Corfinium, the metropolis of the Peligni.
εἰσὶ δʼ ἐν αὐτῇ Λατῖναι πόλεις Ὀυαρία τε καὶ Καρσέολοι καὶ Ἄλβα, πλησίον δὲ καὶ πόλις Κούκουλον.
And on it are the Latin cities Varia, Carseoli, and Alba, and near them also the city Cuculum.
ἐν ὄψει δʼ εἰσὶ τοῖς ἐν Ῥώμῃ Τίβουρά τε καὶ Πραινεστὸς καὶ Τοῦσκλον.
Tibur, Praeneste, and Tusculum are within sight of those in Rome.
Τίβουρα μέν, ᾗ τὸ Ἡράκλειον καὶ ὁ καταράκτης, ὃν ποιεῖ πλωτὸς ὢν ὁ Ἀνίων ἀφʼ ὕψους μεγάλου καταπίπτων εἰς φάραγγα βαθεῖαν καὶ καταλσῆ πρὸς αὐτῇ τῇ πόλει.
Tibur, where is the temple of Hercules and the waterfall, which the Anio, being navigable, makes by falling from a great height into a deep and wooded ravine near the city itself.
ἐντεῦθεν δὲ διέξεισι πεδίον εὐκαρπότατον παρὰ τὰ μέταλλα τοῦ λίθου τοῦ Τιβουρτίνου καὶ τοῦ ἐν Γαβίοις τοῦ καὶ ἐρυθροῦ λεγομένου, ὥστε τὴν ἐκ τῶν μετάλλων ἐξαγωγὴν καὶ τὴν πορθμείαν εὐμαρῆ τελέως εἶναι, τῶν πλείστων ἔργων τῆς Ῥώμης ἐντεῦθεν κατασκευαζομένων.
From there it passes through a very fertile plain past the quarries of Tiburtine stone and of that in Gabii, which is also called red stone, so that the carriage from the quarries and the transport by water are perfectly easy, since most of the works in Rome are constructed from there.
ἐν δὲ τῷ πεδίῳ τούτῳ καὶ τὰ Ἄλβουλα καλούμενα ῥεῖ ὕδατα ψυχρὰ ἐκ πολλῶν πηγῶν, πρὸς ποικίλας νόσους καὶ πίνουσι καὶ ἐγκαθημένοις ὑγιεινά· τοιαῦτα δὲ καὶ τὰ Λαβανά, οὐκ ἄπωθεν τούτων ἐν τῇ Νωμεντανῇ καὶ τοῖς περὶ Ἠρητὸν τόποις.
And in this plain also flow the cold waters called Albula, from many springs, healthy for various diseases both to those who drink them and to those who bathe in them; and such also are the Labana, not far from these, on the Nomentan road and in the places around Eretum.
Πραινεστὸς δʼ ἐστὶν ὅπου τὸ τῆς Τύχης ἱερὸν ἐπίσημον χρηστηριάζον.
Praeneste is where is the famous temple of Fortune, which delivers oracles.
ἀμφότεραι δʼ αἱ πόλεις αὗται τῇ αὐτῇ προσιδρυμέναι τυγχάνουσιν ὀρεινῇ, διέχουσι δʼ ἀλλήλων ὅσον σταδίους ἑκατόν, τῆς δὲ Ῥώμης Πραινεστὸς μὲν καὶ διπλάσιον, Τίβουρα δʼ ἔλαττον.
Both these cities happen to be situated on the same mountain range, and are distant from each other about one hundred stadia, and from Rome, Praeneste is even double this distance, and Tibur less.
φασὶ δʼ Ἑλληνίδας ἀμφοτέρας· Πραινεστὸν γοῦν Πολυστέφανον καλεῖσθαι πρότερον.
And they say that both are Greek; Praeneste, at least, was formerly called Polystephanus.
ἐρυμνὴ μὲν οὖν ἑκατέρα, πολὺ δʼ ἐρυμνοτέρα Πραινεστός· ἄκραν γὰρ ἔχει τῆς μὲν πόλεως ὕπερθεν ὄρος ὑψηλόν, ὄπισθεν δʼ ἀπὸ τῆς συνεχούσης ὀρεινῆς αὐχένι διεζευγμένον, ὑπεραῖρον καὶ δυσὶ σταδίοις τούτου πρὸς ὀρθίαν ἀνάβασιν.
Now each of them is strong, but Praeneste is much stronger; for it has as its citadel a high mountain above the city, and at the back separated from the continuous mountain range by a neck, rising above it even by two stadia of steep ascent.
πρὸς δὲ τῇ ἐρυμνότητι καὶ διώρυξι κρυπταῖς διατέτρηται πανταχόθεν μέχρι τῶν πεδίων ταῖς μὲν ὑδρείας χάριν ταῖς δʼ ἐξόδων λαθραίων, ὧν ἐν μιᾷ Μάριος πολιορκούμενος ἀπέθανε.
And in addition to its strength, it is pierced in all directions by secret passages down to the plains, some for the sake of water-supply, and others for secret exits, in one of which Marius, when besieged, died.
ταῖς μὲν οὖν ἄλλαις πόλεσι πλεῖστον τὸ εὐερκὲς πρὸς ἀγαθοῦ τίθεται, Πραινεστίνοις δὲ συμφορὰ γεγένηται διὰ τὰς Ῥωμαίων στάσεις.
Now, while for other cities a strong defense is considered a great advantage, for the Praenestines it has become a calamity on account of the Roman civil wars.
καταφεύγουσι γὰρ ἐκεῖσε οἱ νεωτερίσαντες· ἐκπολιορκηθέντων δέ, πρὸς τῇ κακώσει τῆς πόλεως καὶ τὴν χώραν ἀπαλλοτριοῦσθαι συμβαίνει, τῆς αἰτίας μεταφερομένης ἐπὶ τοὺς ἀναιτίους.
For those who revolt take refuge there; and when they are forced to surrender, in addition to the ruin of the city, it happens that their land is confiscated, the blame being transferred to the guiltless.
ῥεῖ δὲ διὰ τῆς χώρας Ὀυέρεστις ποταμός.
And the river Verestis flows through their territory.
πρὸς ἕω δὲ τῆς Ῥώμης εἰσὶν αἱ λεχθεῖσαι πόλεις.
These mentioned cities are to the east of Rome.