§17.1.37̔η δʼ οὖν Μοίριδος λίμνη διὰ τὸ μέγεθος καὶ τὸ βάθος ἱκανή ἐστι κατὰ τὰς ἀναβάσεις τὴν πλημμυρίδα φέρειν καὶ μὴ ὑπερπολάζειν εἰς τὰ οἰκούμενα καὶ πεφυτευμένα, εἶτα ἐν τῇ ἀποβάσει τὸ πλεονάζον ἀποδοῦσα τῇ αὐτῇ διώρυγι κατὰ θάτερον τῶν στομάτων ἔχειν ὑπολειπόμενον τὸ χρήσιμον πρὸς τὰς ἐποχετείας καὶ αὐτὴ καὶ ἡ διῶρυξ.
The Lake of Moeris, then, because of its size and depth, is capable of receiving the flood-water at the rise of the river and preventing it from overflowing the inhabited and planted areas, and then, at the fall of the water, returning the excess to the same canal through one of its two mouths, so that both the lake itself and the canal retain what is left of it as useful for irrigation.
ταῦτα μὲν φυσικά, ἐπίκειται δὲ τοῖς στόμασιν ἀμφοτέροις τῆς διώρυγος κλεῖθρα οἷς ταμιεύουσιν οἱ ἀρχιτέκτονες τό τε εἰσρέον ὕδωρ καὶ τὸ ἐκρέον.
These things are natural, but locks are placed on both mouths of the canal, by which the engineers regulate both the inflow and outflow of water.
πρὸς δὲ τούτοις ἡ τοῦ λαβυρίνθου κατασκευὴ πάρισον ταῖς πυραμίσιν ἐστὶν ἔργον καὶ ὁ παρακείμενος τάφος τοῦ κατασκευάσαντος βασιλέως τὸν λαβύρινθον.
In addition to these, the construction of the Labyrinth is a work comparable to the pyramids, as is the adjoining tomb of the king who built the Labyrinth.
ἔστι δὲ κατὰ τὸν πρῶτον εἴσπλουν τὸν εἰς τὴν διώρυγα προελθόντι ὅσον τριάκοντα ἢ τετταράκοντα σταδίους ἐπίπεδόν τι τραπεζῶδες χωρίον, ἔχον κώμην τε καὶ βασίλειον μέγα ἐκ πολλῶν βασιλείων, ὅσοι πρότερον ἦσαν νομοί· τοσαῦται γάρ εἰσιν αὐλαὶ περίστυλοι συνεχεῖς ἀλλήλαις ἐφʼ ἕνα στίχον πᾶσαι καὶ ἐφʼ ἑνὸς τοίχου ὡς ἂν τείχους μακροῦ προκειμένας ἔχοντος τὰς αὐλάς· αἱ δʼ εἰς αὐτὰς ὁδοὶ καταντικρὺ τοῦ τείχους εἰσί·
As one enters the canal and goes forward about thirty or forty stadia, there is a flat, table-like place, which has a village and a huge palace consisting of as many palaces as there were formerly nomes; for there are just as many peristyle courts, adjacent to one another, all in one row and along one wall, as if a long wall had the courts lying in front of it; and the paths into them are directly opposite the wall.
πρόκεινται δὲ τῶν εἰσόδων κρυπταί τινες μακραὶ καὶ πολλαί, διʼ ἀλλήλων ἔχουσαι σκολιὰς τὰς ὁδοὺς ὥστε χωρὶς ἡγεμόνος μηδενὶ τῶν ξένων εἶναι δυνατὴν τὴν εἰς ἑκάστην αὐλὴν πάροδόν τε καὶ ἔξοδον.
In front of the entrances lie several long and many dark passages, having winding paths through one another, so that without a guide no stranger can find his way into or out of any of the courts.
τὸ δὲ θαυμαστόν, ὅτι αἱ στέγαι τῶν οἴκων ἑκάστου μονόλιθοι, καὶ τῶν κρυπτῶν τὰ πλάτη μονολίθοις ὡσαύτως ἐστέγασται πλαξὶν ὑπερβαλλούσαις τὸ μέγεθος, ξύλων οὐδαμοῦ καταμεμιγμένων οὐδʼ ἄλλης ὕλης οὐδεμιᾶς·
But the wonder is that the roofs of each of the chambers consist of single stones, and the widths of the dark passages are likewise roofed with single slabs of extraordinary size, with no wood or any other material mixed in anywhere.
ἀναβάντα τε ἐπὶ τὸ στέγος οὐ μεγάλῳ ὕψει ἅτε μονοστέγῳ ἔστιν ἰδεῖν πεδίον λίθινον ἐκ τηλικούτων λίθων, ἐντεῦθεν δὲ πάλιν εἰς τὰς αὐλὰς ἐκπίπτοντα ἑξῆς ὁρᾶν κειμένας ὑπὸ μονολίθων κιόνων ὑπηρεισμένας ἑπτὰ καὶ εἴκοσι· καὶ οἱ τοῖχοι δὲ οὐκ ἐξ ἐλαττόνων τῷ μεγέθει λίθων σύγκεινται.
If one goes up onto the roof, which is not of great height since it has only a single story, it is possible to see a stony plain made of such huge stones; and looking down from there into the courts, one can see them lying in order, supported by twenty-seven monolithic columns; and the walls, too, are built of stones no smaller in size.
ἐπὶ τέλει δὲ τῆς οἰκοδομίας ταύτης πλέον ἢ στάδιον ἐπεχούσης ὁ τάφος ἐστί, πυραμὶς τετράγωνος, ἑκάστην τετράπλεθρον πως ἔχουσα τὴν πλευρὰν καὶ τὸ ἴσον ὕψος· Ἰμάνδης δʼ ὄνομα ὁ ταφείς.
At the end of this building, which extends for more than a stadium, is the tomb, a square pyramid, having each side of about four plethra and an equal height; the name of the man buried there is Imandes.
πεποιῆσθαι δέ φασι τὰς αὐλὰς τοσαύτας, ὅτι τοὺς νομοὺς ἔθος ἦν ἐκεῖσε συνέρχεσθαι πάντας ἀριστίνδην μετὰ τῶν οἰκείων ἱερέων καὶ ἱερειῶν, θυσίας τε καὶ δικαιοδοσίας περὶ τῶν μεγίστων χάριν· κατήγετο δὲ τῶν νομῶν ἕκαστος εἰς τὴν ἀποδειχθεῖσαν αὐλὴν αὐτῷ. §17.1.38παραπλεύσαντι δὲ ταῦτα ἐφʼ ἑκατὸν σταδίους πόλις ἐστὶν Ἀρσινόη· κροκοδείλων δὲ πόλις ἐκαλεῖτο πρότερον, σφόδρα γὰρ ἐν τῷ νομῷ τούτῳ τιμῶσι τὸν κροκόδειλον, καὶ ἔστιν ἱερὸς παρʼ αὐτοῖς ἐν λίμνῃ καθʼ αὑτὸν τρεφόμενος, χειροήθης τοῖς ἱερεῦσι·
They say that so many courts were built because it was the custom for all the nomes to gather there by representatives of the highest class with their own priests and priestesses, for the purpose of sacrifices and administration of justice in the most important matters; and each of the nomes was conducted to the court assigned to it. Sailing past these places for a distance of a hundred stadia, one comes to the city of Arsinoë; it was formerly called Crocodilopolis, for they hold the crocodile in extreme honor in this nome, and there is a sacred one kept by himself in a lake, tame to the priests.
καλεῖται δὲ Σοῦχος· τρέφεται δὲ σιτίοις καὶ κρέασι καὶ οἴνῳ, προσφερόντων ἀεὶ τῶν ξένων τῶν ἐπὶ τὴν θέαν ἀφικνουμένων.
He is called Suchus; and he is fed with bread, meat, and wine, which are always offered by the strangers who come to see him.
ὁ γοῦν ἡμέτερος ξένος, ἀνὴρ τῶν ἐντίμων, αὐτόθι μυσταγωγῶν ἡμᾶς, συνῆλθεν ἐπὶ τὴν λίμνην, κομίζων ἀπὸ τοῦ δείπνου πλακουντάριόν τι καὶ κρέας ὀπτὸν καὶ προχοίδιόν τι μελικράτου· εὕρομεν δὲ ἐπὶ τῷ χείλει κείμενον τὸ θηρίον·
At any rate, our host, one of the prominent men there, who was showing us the sights, went with us to the lake, carrying from his dinner a little cake, some roast meat, and a small pitcher of honey-mixture; and we found the beast lying on the edge.
προσιόντες δὲ οἱ ἱερεῖς οἱ μὲν διέστησαν αὐτοῦ τὸ στόμα, ὁ δὲ ἐνέθηκε τὸ πέμμα καὶ πάλιν τὸ κρέας, εἶτα τὸ μελίκρατον κατήρασε·
The priests went up to it, and some of them opened its mouth, while another put in the cake, then the meat, and then poured down the honey-mixture.
καθαλόμενος δὲ εἰς τὴν λίμνην διῇξεν εἰς τὸ πέραν·
The crocodile then plunged into the lake and dashed across to the other side.
ἐπελθόντος δὲ καὶ ἄλλου τῶν ξένων κομίζοντος ὁμοίως ἀπαρχήν, λαβόντες περιῆλθον δρόμῳ καὶ καταλαβόντες προσήνεγκαν ὁμοίως τὰ προσενεχθέντα.
And when another of the strangers arrived, likewise carrying an offering, the priests took it, ran around the lake, caught up with the crocodile, and offered what had been brought in the same manner.