§13.2.1ἐπεὶ δὲ τῇ παραλίᾳ τῇ ἀπὸ Λεκτοῦ μέχρι Κανῶν ἀντιπαρατέταται νῆσος ἡ Λέσβος λόγου ἀξία πλείστου, περίκειται δὲ αὐτῇ καὶ νησία τὰ μὲν ἔξωθεν τὰ δὲ καὶ ἐντὸς μεταξὺ αὐτῆς τε καὶ τῆς ἠπείρου, καιρὸς ἤδη περὶ τούτων εἰπεῖν· καὶ γὰρ ταῦτά ἐστιν Αἰολικά, σχεδὸν δέ τι καὶ μητρόπολις ἡ Λέσβος ὑπάρχει τῶν Αἰολικῶν πόλεων.
Since Lesbos, an island worthy of the greatest account, lies opposite the coast extending from Lectum to Kane, and there lie around it small islands, some on the outside, and others also on the inside between the island itself and the mainland, it is now time to speak of these; for these also are Aeolian, and Lesbos is, as it were, the mother-city of the Aeolian cities.
ἀρκτέον δʼ ἀφʼ ὧνπερ καὶ τὴν παραλίαν ἐπήλθομεν τὴν κατʼ αὐτήν.
And we must begin from the very place from which we also traversed the coast opposite it.
§13.2.2ἀπὸ Λεκτοῦ τοίνυν ἐπὶ Ἄσσον πλέουσιν ἀρχὴ τῆς Λεσβίας ἐστὶ κατὰ Σίγριον τὸ πρὸς ἄρκτον αὐτῆς ἄκρον.
Now, for those sailing from Lectum to Assos, the beginning of the Lesbian territory is opposite Sigrium, its northern promontory.
ἐνταῦθα δέ που καὶ Μήθυμνα πόλις Λεσβίων ἐστὶν ἀπὸ ἑξήκοντα σταδίων τῆς ἐκ Πολυμηδείου πρὸς τὴν Ἄσσον παραλίας.
And somewhere here is also Methymna, a city of the Lesbians, at a distance of sixty stadia from the coast extending from Polymedeium to Assos.
οὔσης δὲ τῆς περιμέτρου σταδίων χιλίων ἑκατὸν ἣν ἡ σύμπασα ἐκπληροῖ νῆσος, τὰ καθʼ ἕκαστα οὕτως ἔχει· ἀπὸ Μηθύμνης εἰς Μαλίαν τὸ νοτιώτατον ἄκρον ἐν δεξιᾷ ἔχουσι τὴν νῆσον, καθʼ ὃ αἱ Κάναι μάλιστα ἀντίκεινται τῇ νήσῳ καὶ συναπαρτίζουσι, στάδιοί εἰσι τριακόσιοι τετταράκοντα· ἐντεῦθεν δʼ ἐπὶ Σίγριον, ὅπερ ἐστὶ τῆς νήσου τὸ μῆκος, πεντακόσιοι ἑξήκοντα· εἶτʼ ἐπὶ τὴν Μήθυμναν διακόσιοι δέκα.
Although the perimeter which the whole island fills up is eleven hundred stadia, the details are as follows: from Methymna to Malia, the southernmost promontory, keeping the island on the right, where Kane most directly faces the island and completes it, is three hundred and forty stadia; thence to Sigrium, which is the length of the island, five hundred and sixty; then to Methymna, two hundred and ten.
Μιτυλήνη δὲ κεῖται μεταξὺ Μηθύμνης καὶ τῆς Μαλίας ἡ μεγίστη πόλις, διέχουσα τῆς Μαλίας ἑβδομήκοντα σταδίους, τῶν δὲ Κανῶν ἑκατὸν εἴκοσιν, ὅσους καὶ τῶν Ἀργινουσσῶν, αἳ τρεῖς μέν εἰσιν οὐ μεγάλαι νῆσοι, πλησιάζουσι δὲ τῇ ἠπείρῳ, παρακείμεναι ταῖς Κάναις.
Mitylene, the largest city, lies between Methymna and Malia, being seventy stadia distant from Malia, and one hundred and twenty from Kane, which is the same distance as from the Arginusae, which are three small islands, close to the mainland and adjacent to Kane.
ἐν δὲ τῷ μεταξὺ Μιτυλήνης καὶ τῆς Μηθύμνης κατὰ κώμην τῆς Μηθυμναίας καλουμένην Αἴγειρον στενωτάτη ἐστὶν ἡ νῆσος, ὑπέρβασιν ἔχουσα εἰς τὸν Πυρραίων εὔριπον σταδίων εἴκοσιν.
In the passage between Mitylene and Methymna, near a village of the Methymnaean territory called Aegeirus, the island is at its narrowest, having a passage overland to the Pyrrhaean gulf of twenty stadia.
ἵδρυται δʼ ἡ Πύρρα ἐν τῷ ἑσπερίῳ πλευρῷ τῆς Λέσβου, διέχουσα τῆς Μαλίας ἑκατόν.
Pyrrha is situated on the western side of Lesbos, at a distance of one hundred stadia from Malia.
ἔχει δʼ ἡ Μιτυλήνη λιμένας δύο, ὧν ὁ νότιος κλειστὸς τριηρικὸς ναυσὶ πεντήκοντα, ὁ δὲ βόρειος μέγας καὶ βαθύς, χώματι σκεπαζόμενος· πρόκειται δʼ ἀμφοῖν νησίον μέρος τῆς πόλεως ἔχον αὐτόθι συνοικούμενον· κατεσκεύασται δὲ τοῖς πᾶσι καλῶς.
Mitylene has two harbors, of which the southern is a closed harbor capable of holding fifty triremes, while the northern is large and deep, sheltered by a mole; and in front of both lies a small island which has a part of the city inhabited upon it; and it is beautifully constructed in all respects.
§13.2.3ἄνδρας δʼ ἔσχεν ἐνδόξους τὸ παλαιὸν μὲν Πιττακόν, ἕνα τῶν ἑπτὰ σοφῶν, καὶ τὸν ποιητὴν Ἀλκαῖον καὶ τὸν ἀδελφὸν Ἀντιμενίδαν, ὅν φησιν Ἀλκαῖος Βαβυλωνίοις συμμαχοῦντα τελέσαι μέγαν ἆθλον καὶ ἐκ πόνων αὐτοὺς ῥύσασθαι κτείναντα
"
ἄνδρα μαχαίταν βασιληίων
παλαστὰν (ὥς φησιν) ἀπολείποντα μόνον μίαν
παχέων ἀπὺ πέμπων. "
συνήκμασε δὲ τούτοις καὶ ἡ Σαπφώ, θαυμαστόν τι χρῆμα· οὐ γὰρ ἴσμεν ἐν τῷ τοσούτῳ χρόνῳ τῷ μνημονευομένῳ φανεῖσάν τινα γυναῖκα ἐνάμιλλον οὐδὲ κατὰ μικρὸν ἐκείνῃ ποιήσεως χάριν.
And the island had illustrious men in ancient times, such as Pittacus, one of the seven wise men, and the poet Alcaeus, and his brother Antimenidas, who Alcaeus says, while fighting as an ally of the Babylonians, accomplished a great feat and rescued them from troubles by killing: "a warrior of the royal house, a man (as he says) lacking only one palm-breadth from five cubits." And Sappho flourished along with these, a wonderful creature; for we do not know of any woman who has appeared in all this time of which there is memory who was comparable, even in a small degree, to her in the grace of her poetry.
ἐτυραννήθη δὲ ἡ πόλις κατὰ τοὺς χρόνους τούτους ὑπὸ πλειόνων διὰ τὰς διχοστασίας, καὶ τὰ στασιωτικὰ καλούμενα τοῦ Ἀλκαίου ποιήματα περὶ τούτων ἐστίν· ἐν δὲ τοῖς τυράννοις καὶ ὁ Πιττακὸς ἐγένετο.
And the city was ruled by several tyrants in those times because of the dissensions, and the so-called "sedition-poems" of Alcaeus are about these matters; and among the tyrants was also Pittacus.
Ἀλκαῖος μὲν οὖν ὁμοίως ἐλοιδορεῖτο καὶ τούτῳ καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις, Μυρσίλῳ καὶ Μελάγχρῳ καὶ τοῖς Κλεανακτίδαις καὶ ἄλλοις τισίν, οὐδʼ αὐτὸς καθαρεύων τῶν τοιούτων νεωτερισμῶν.
Alcaeus, therefore, reviled him as well as the others, namely Myrsilus, Melanchrus, the Cleanactidae, and some others, though he himself was not free from such political innovations.
Πιττακὸς δʼ εἰς μὲν τὴν τῶν δυναστειῶν κατάλυσιν ἐχρήσατο τῇ μοναρχίᾳ καὶ αὐτός, καταλύσας δὲ ἀπέδωκε τὴν αὐτονομίαν τῇ πόλει.
But Pittacus, for the destruction of the ruling factions, himself also used the monarchy, but after destroying them, restored autonomy to the city.
ὕστερον δʼ ἐγένετο χρόνοις πολλοῖς Διοφάνης ὁ ῥήτωρ, καθʼ ἡμᾶς δὲ Ποτάμων καὶ Λεσβοκλῆς καὶ Κριναγόρας καὶ ὁ συγγραφεὺς Θεοφάνης.
Later, after many years, arose Diophanes the rhetorician, and in our time Potamon, Lesbocles, Crinagoras, and the historian Theophanes.
οὗτος δὲ καὶ πολιτικὸς ἀνὴρ ὑπῆρξε καὶ Πομπηίῳ τῷ Μάγνῳ κατέστη φίλος μάλιστα διὰ τὴν ἀρετὴν ταύτην, καὶ πάσας συγκατώρθωσεν αὐτῷ τὰς πράξεις, ἀφʼ ὧν τήν τε πατρίδα ἐκόσμησε τὰ μὲν διʼ ἐκείνου τὰ δὲ διʼ ἑαυτοῦ, καὶ ἑαυτὸν πάντων τῶν Ἑλλήνων ἐπιφανέστατον ἀνέδειξεν· υἱόν τε ἀπέλιπε Μάρκον Πομπήιον, ὃν τῆς Ἀσίας ἐπίτροπον κατέστησέ ποτε Καῖσαρ ὁ Σεβαστός, καὶ νῦν ἐν τοῖς πρώτοις ἐξετάζεται τῶν Τιβερίου φίλων.
The latter was also a political figure, and became a most intimate friend to Pompey the Great because of this talent, and helped him successfully accomplish all his deeds, whereby he both adorned his homeland, partly through Pompey and partly through himself, and rendered himself the most illustrious of all Greeks; and he left a son, Marcus Pompeius, whom Augustus Caesar once appointed procurator of Asia, and who is now counted among the first of the friends of Tiberius.
Ἀθηναῖοι δʼ ἐκινδύνευσαν μὲν ἀνηκέστῳ ψόγῳ περιπεσεῖν ψηφισάμενοι Μιτυληναίους ἡβηδὸν ἀποσφαγῆναι, μετέγνωσαν δὲ καὶ ἔφθη μιᾷ θᾶττον ἡμέρᾳ τὸ ψήφισμα ἀφιγμένον ὡς τοὺς στρατηγοὺς πρὶν ἢ πρᾶξαι τὸ προσταχθέν.
The Athenians narrowly escaped falling into irremediable disgrace when they voted to slaughter all the adult males of Mitylene, but they changed their minds, and their decree arrived, one day sooner, to the generals before they could execute what had been commanded.