§12.5.1πρὸς νότον τοίνυν εἰσὶ τοῖς Παφλαγόσι Γαλάται· τούτων δʼ ἐστὶν ἔθνη τρία, δύο μὲν τῶν ἡγεμόνων ἐπώνυμα, Τροκμοὶ καὶ Τολιστοβώγιοι, τὸ τρίτον δʼ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐν Κελτικῇ ἔθνους Τεκτόσαγες.
To the south of the Paphlagonians, therefore, are the Galatians; of these there are three tribes, two named after their leaders, the Trocmi and the Tolistobogii, and the third, the Tectosages, after the tribe in Celtica.
κατέσχον δὲ τὴν χώραν ταύτην οἱ Γαλάται πλανηθέντες πολὺν χρόνον καὶ καταδραμόντες τὴν ὑπὸ τοῖς Ἀτταλικοῖς βασιλεῦσι χώραν καὶ τοῖς Βιθυνοῖς, ἕως παρʼ ἑκόντων ἔλαβον τὴν νῦν Γαλατίαν καὶ Γαλλογραικίαν λεγομένην.
The Galatians occupied this country after wandering for a long time and overrunning the territory under the Attalic kings and the Bithynians, until they received by voluntary concession the land now called Galatia and Gallograecia.
ἀρχηγὸς δὲ δοκεῖ μάλιστα τῆς περαιώσεως τῆς εἰς τὴν Ἀσίαν γενέσθαι Λεοννόριος.
Leonnorius is thought to have been the chief leader of their crossing into Asia.
τριῶν δὲ ὄντων ἐθνῶν ὁμογλώττων καὶ κατʼ ἄλλο οὐδὲν ἐξηλλαγμένων, ἕκαστον διελόντες εἰς τέτταρας μερίδας τετραρχίαν ἑκάστην ἐκάλεσαν, τετράρχην ἔχουσαν ἴδιον καὶ δικαστὴν ἕνα καὶ στρατοφύλακα ἕνα ὑπὸ τῷ τετράρχῃ τεταγμένους, ὑποστρατοφύλακας δὲ δύο.
Although there were three tribes speaking the same language and differing in no other respect, they divided each of them into four portions and called each portion a tetrarchy, which had its own tetrarch, and one judge and one military commander (stratophylax) appointed under the tetrarch, and two assistant commanders (hypostratophylaces).
ἡ δὲ τῶν δώδεκα τετραρχῶν βουλὴ ἄνδρες ἦσαν τριακόσιοι, συνήγοντο δὲ εἰς τὸν καλούμενον Δρυνέμετον.
The council of the twelve tetrarchs consisted of three hundred men, and they used to assemble at the place called Drynemetum.
τὰ μὲν οὖν φονικὰ ἡ βουλὴ ἔκρινε, τὰ δὲ ἄλλα οἱ τετράρχαι καὶ οἱ δικασταί.
Now the council judged cases of murder, while the tetrarchs and the judges decided the other matters.
πάλαι μὲν οὖν ἦν τοιαύτη τις ἡ διάταξις, καθʼ ἡμᾶς δὲ εἰς τρεῖς, εἶτʼ εἰς δύο ἡγεμόνας, εἶτα εἰς ἕνα ἧκεν ἡ δυναστεία, εἰς Δηιόταρον, εἶτα ἐκεῖνον διεδέξατο Ἀμύντας· νῦν δʼ ἔχουσι Ῥωμαῖοι καὶ ταύτην καὶ τὴν ὑπὸ τῷ Ἀμύντᾳ γενομένην πᾶσαν εἰς μίαν συναγαγόντες ἐπαρχίαν.
In ancient times, then, such was their arrangement, but in our time the sovereignty came down to three, then to two rulers, and then to one, namely Deiotarus, and then Amyntas succeeded him; and now the Romans possess both this territory and all that which was under Amyntas, having united them into a single province.
§12.5.2ἔχουσι δὲ οἱ μὲν Τροκμοὶ τὰ πρὸς τῷ Πόντῳ καὶ τῇ Καππαδοκίᾳ· ταῦτα δʼ ἐστὶ τὰ κράτιστα ὧν νέμονται Γαλάται·
The Trocmi possess the parts near the Pontus and Cappadocia; these are the best lands that the Galatians occupy.
φρούρια δʼ αὐτοῖς τετείχισται τρία, Τάουιον, ἐμπόριον τῶν ταύτῃ, ὅπου ὁ τοῦ Διὸς κολοσσὸς χαλκοῦς καὶ τέμενος αὐτοῦ ἄσυλον, καὶ Μιθριδάτιον, ὃ ἔδωκε Πομπήιος Βογοδιατάρῳ τῆς Ποντικῆς βασιλείας ἀφορίσας, τρίτον δέ πω Δανάλα, ὅπου τὸν σύλλογον ἐποιήσαντο Πομπήιός τε καὶ Λεύκολλος, ὁ μὲν ἥκων ἐπὶ τὴν τοῦ πολέμου διαδοχὴν ὁ δὲ παραδιδοὺς τὴν ἐξουσίαν καὶ ἀπαίρων ἐπὶ τὸν θρίαμβον.
They have three fortified strongholds, Tavium, the trading center of the people in those parts, where there is a bronze colossal statue of Zeus and his sacred precinct, which is a place of asylum; and Mithridatium, which Pompey gave to Bogodiatarus, having separated it from the Pontic kingdom; and thirdly, so to speak, Danala, where Pompey and Lucullus held their meeting, the one coming to succeed to the command of the war, and the other handing over his authority and departing for his triumph.
Τροκμοὶ μὲν δὴ ταῦτʼ ἔχουσι τὰ μέρη, Τεκτόσαγες δὲ τὰ πρὸς τῇ μεγάλῃ Φρυγίᾳ τῇ κατὰ Πεσσινοῦντα καὶ Ὀρκαόρκους· τούτων δʼ ἦν φρούριον Ἄγκυρα ὁμώνυμος τῇ πρὸς Λυδίᾳ περὶ Βλαῦδον πολίχνῃ Φρυγιακῇ.
The Trocmi indeed possess these parts, but the Tectosages possess the parts near Greater Phrygia in the direction of Pessinus and Orcaorci; their stronghold was Ancyra, which bears the same name as the Phrygian town near Lydia in the region of Blaus.
Τολιστοβώγιοι δὲ ὅμοροι Βιθυνοῖς εἰσι καὶ τῇ Ἐπικτήτῳ καλουμένῃ Φρυγίᾳ· φρούρια δʼ αὐτῶν ἐστι τό τε Βλούκιον καὶ τὸ Πήιον, ὧν τὸ μὲν ἦν βασίλειον Δηιοτάρου, τὸ δὲ γαζοφυλάκιον.
The Tolistobogii are contiguous to the Bithynians and to the Phrygia called Epictetus; their strongholds are Blucium and Peium, of which the former was the royal residence of Deiotarus, and the latter his treasury.
§12.5.3Πεσσινοῦς δʼ ἐστὶν ἐμπόριον τῶν ταύτῃ μέγιστον, ἱερὸν ἔχον τῆς μητρὸς τῶν θεῶν σεβασμοῦ μεγάλου τυγχάνον· καλοῦσι δʼ αὐτὴν Ἄγδιστιν.
Pessinus is the greatest trading center in these parts, containing a temple of the Mother of the Gods which receives great veneration; they call her Agdistis.
οἱ δʼ ἱερεῖς τὸ παλαιὸν μὲν δυνάσται τινὲς ἦσαν, ἱερωσύνην καρπούμενοι μεγάλην, νυνὶ δὲ τούτων μὲν αἱ τιμαὶ πολὺ μεμείωνται, τὸ δὲ ἐμπόριον συμμένει·
In ancient times the priests were indeed certain potentates, enjoying a great priesthood, but now their honors have been much diminished, though the trading center still endures.
κατεσκεύασται δʼ ὑπὸ τῶν Ἀτταλικῶν βασιλέων ἱεροπρεπῶς τὸ τέμενος ναῷ τε καὶ στοαῖς λευκολίθοις· ἐπιφανὲς δʼ ἐποίησαν Ῥωμαῖοι τὸ ἱερόν, ἀφίδρυμα ἐνθένδε τῆς θεοῦ μεταπεμψάμενοι κατὰ τοὺς τῆς Σιβύλλης χρησμούς, καθάπερ καὶ τοῦ Ἀσκληπιοῦ τοῦ ἐν Ἐπιδαύρῳ.
The sacred precinct has been constructed in a temple-befitting manner by the Attalic kings with a temple and porticoes of white stone; and the Romans made the temple famous, having sent for the statue of the goddess from here in accordance with the Sibylline oracles, just as they did also for that of Asclepius at Epidaurus.
ἔστι δὲ καὶ ὄρος ὑπερκείμενον τῆς πόλεως τὸ Δίνδυμον, ἀφʼ οὗ ἡ Δινδυμηνή, καθάπερ ἀπὸ τῶν Κυβέλων ἡ Κυβέλη.
There is also a mountain lying above the city, Dindymum, from which the goddess is called Dindymene, just as she is called Cybele from Cybela.
πλησίον δὲ καὶ ὁ Σαγγάριος ποταμὸς ποιεῖται τὴν ῥύσιν· ἐπὶ δὲ τούτῳ τὰ παλαιὰ τῶν Φρυγῶν οἰκητήρια Μίδου καὶ ἔτι πρότερον Γορδίου καὶ ἄλλων τινῶν, οὐδʼ ἴχνη σώζοντα πόλεων, ἀλλὰ κῶμαι μικρῷ μείζους τῶν ἄλλων, οἷόν ἐστι τὸ Γόρδιον καὶ Γορβεοῦς, τὸ τοῦ Κάστορος βασίλειον τοῦ Σαωκονδάρου, ἐν ᾧ γαμβρὸν ὄντα τοῦτον ἀπέσφαξε Δηιόταρος καὶ τὴν θυγατέρα τὴν ἑαυτοῦ· τὸ δὲ φρούριον κατέσπασε καὶ διελυμήνατο τὸ πλεῖστον τῆς κατοικίας.
Nearby also the river Sangarius makes its course; and on this are the ancient habitations of the Phrygians, of Midas and even earlier of Gordius and some others, which do not preserve even the traces of cities, but are villages slightly larger than the rest, such as Gordium and Gorbeus, the royal residence of Castor the son of Saocondarus, in which Deiotarus slew this man, who was his son-in-law, and also his own daughter; and he razed the fortress and ruined most of the settlement.
§12.5.4μετὰ δὲ τὴν Γαλατίαν πρὸς νότον ἥ τε λίμνη ἐστὶν ἡ Τάττα, παρακειμένη τῇ μεγάλῃ Καππαδοκίᾳ τῇ κατὰ τοὺς Μοριμηνούς, μέρος δʼ οὖσα τῆς μεγάλης Φρυγίας, καὶ ἡ συνεχὴς ταύτῃ μέχρι τοῦ Ταύρου, ἧς τὴν πλείστην Ἀμύντας εἶχεν.
After Galatia, to the south, lies Lake Tatta, adjacent to Greater Cappadocia in the region of the Morimeni, and being a part of Greater Phrygia, and also the country contiguous to this extending as far as the Taurus, of which Amyntas held the greatest part.
ἡ μὲν οὖν Τάττα ἁλοπήγιόν ἐστιν αὐτοφυές, οὕτω δὲ περιπήττεται ῥᾳδίως τὸ ὕδωρ παντὶ τῷ βαπτισθέντι εἰς αὐτὸ ὥστε στεφάνους ἁλῶν ἀνέλκουσιν, ἐπειδὰν καθῶσι κύκλον σχοίνινον, τά τε ὄρνεα ἁλίσκεται τὰ προσαψάμενα τῷ πτερώματι τοῦ ὕδατος παραχρῆμα πίπτοντα διὰ τὴν περίπηξιν τῶν ἁλῶν.
Lake Tatta is a natural salt-pan, and its water so easily congeals around everything that is dipped into it, that when they let down a circle of rope, they draw up crowns of salt; and the birds that touch the water with their wings are caught, falling immediately on account of the congealing of the salt.