Judging Others Before Loving Them as Friends

Notes

1. §74.1φιλοῦντα δεῖ κρίνειν ἀλλὰ κρίναντα φιλεῖν — The active participles `φιλοῦντα` (present) and `κρίναντα` (aorist) are in the accusative masculine singular, agreeing with the unexpressed subject of the infinitives `κρίνειν` and `φιλεῖν` (an indefinite `τινα` "someone / one"). The contrast between the present tense of `φιλοῦντα` ("while loving / after loving") and the aorist tense of `κρίναντα` ("having judged / after judging") emphasizes the proper sequence of actions. The object `Τοὺς ἀλλοτρίους` ("others") is placed at the beginning of the sentence for emphasis and functions as the object of both the participles and the infinitives.