§3.19.1ὁ δʼ ἐπίλογος σύγκειται ἐκ τεττάρων, ἔκ τε τοῦ πρὸς ἑαυτὸν κατασκευάσαι εὖ τὸν ἀκροατὴν καὶ τὸν ἐναντίον φαύλως, καὶ ἐκ τοῦ αὐξῆσαι καὶ ταπεινῶσαι, καὶ ἐκ τοῦ εἰς τὰ πάθη τὸν ἀκροατὴν καταστῆσαι, καὶ ἐξ ἀναμνήσεως.
The epilogue is composed of four elements: first, making the hearer well-disposed toward oneself and ill-disposed toward the opponent; second, amplification and depreciation; third, putting the hearer into an emotional state; and fourth, refreshing their memory.
πέφυκε γάρ, μετὰ τὸ ἀποδεῖξαι αὐτὸν μὲν ἀληθῆ τὸν δὲ ἐναντίον ψευδῆ, οὕτω τὸ ἐπαινεῖν καὶ ψέγειν καὶ ἐπιχαλκεύειν.
For it is natural, after proving oneself to be truthful and the opponent to be false, to praise and blame and add the finishing touches in this way.
δυοῖν δὲ θατέρου δεῖ στοχάζεσθαι, ἢ ὅτι τούτοις ἀγαθὸς ἢ ὅτι ἁπλῶς, ὁ δʼ ὅτι κακὸς τούτοις ἢ ὅτι ἁπλῶς.
One should aim at one of two things: either that one is good to these people or absolutely so, and that the opponent is bad to these people or absolutely so.
ἐξ ὧν δὲ δεῖ τοῦτο κατασκευάζειν, εἴρηνται οἱ τόποι πόθεν σπουδαίους δεῖ κατασκευάζειν καὶ φαύλους.
The topics from which one must establish these have been stated, namely, whence one should present people as good and bad.
§3.19.2τὸ δὲ μετὰ τοῦτο, δεδειγμένων ἤδη, αὔξειν ἐστὶν κατὰ φύσιν ἢ ταπεινοῦν· δεῖ γὰρ τὰ πεπραγμένα ὁμολογεῖσθαι, εἰ μέλλει τὸ ποσὸν ἐρεῖν· καὶ γὰρ ἡ τῶν σωμάτων αὔξησις ἐκ προϋπαρχόντων ἐστίν.
The next step, once these things have already been demonstrated, is naturally to amplify or to depreciate; for the facts must be admitted if one is going to state the magnitude, just as the growth of bodies is from pre-existing things.
ὅθεν δὲ δεῖ αὔξειν καὶ ταπεινοῦν ἔκκεινται οἱ τόποι πρότερον.
The topics from which one must amplify and depreciate have been set out previously.
§3.19.3μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα, δήλων ὄντων καὶ οἷα καὶ ἡλίκα, εἰς τὰ πάθη ἄγειν τὸν ἀκροατήν.
After these, when it is clear both what kind of things they are and how great they are, one should lead the hearer into the emotions.
ταῦτα δʼ ἐστὶν ἔλεος καὶ δείνωσις καὶ ὀργὴ καὶ μίσος καὶ φθόνος καὶ ζῆλος καὶ ἔρις.
These are pity, indignation, anger, hatred, jealousy, envy, and emulation.
εἴρηνται δὲ καὶ τούτων οἱ τόποι πρότερον, §3.19.4ὥστε λοιπὸν ἀναμνῆσαι τὰ προειρημένα.
The topics of these also have been stated previously, so that what remains is to refresh the memory concerning what was said before.
τοῦτο δὲ ἁρμόττει ποιεῖν οὐχ ὥσπερ φασὶν ἐν τοῖς προοιμίοις, οὐκ ὀρθῶς λέγοντες.
And it is fitting to do this not in the way they say one should do in the introduction, speaking incorrectly.
ἵνα γὰρ εὐμαθὴς ᾖ, κελεύουσι πολλάκις εἰπεῖν.
For in order that the hearer may be quick to learn, they command to speak repeatedly.
ἐκεῖ μὲν οὖν δεῖ τὸ πρᾶγμα εἰπεῖν, ἵνα μὴ λανθάνῃ περὶ οὗ ἡ κρίσις, ἐνταῦθα δὲ διʼ ὧν δέδεικται, κεφαλαιωδῶς.
There, indeed, one must state the subject matter, so that the issue on which judgment is to be passed may not be unnoticed, but here one must state the means through which proof has been given, summarily.
§3.19.5ἀρχὴ δὲ διότι ἃ ὑπέσχετο ἀποδέδωκεν, ὥστε ἅ τε καὶ διʼ ὃ λεκτέον.
And the beginning is that one has performed what was promised, so that both what was said and why must be stated.
λέγεται δὲ ἐξ ἀντιπαραβολῆς τοῦ ἐναντίου.
And it is spoken from a comparison with the opponent.
παραβάλλειν δὲ ὅσα περὶ τὸ αὐτὸ ἄμφω εἶπον, ἢ καταντικρύ (
ἀλλʼ οὗτος μὲν τάδε περὶ τούτου, ἐγὼ δὲ ταδί, καὶ διὰ ταῦτα
), ἢ ἐξ εἰρωνείας (οἷον
οὗτος γὰρ τάδʼ εἶπεν, ἐγὼ δὲ ταδί
, καὶ
τὶ ἂν ἐποίει, εἰ τάδε ἔδειξεν, ἀλλὰ μὴ ταδί
), ἢ ἐξ ἐρωτήσεως (
τί οὖν δέδεικται; ἢ
οὗτος τί ἔδειξεν; ).
One should compare what both said about the same thing, either directly ("But he said these things about this, and I said those, and for these reasons"), or with irony (such as "For he said these things, and I said those," and "What would he do, if he had proved these things, and not those?"), or from a question ("What then has been proved?" or "What has he proved?").
ἢ δὴ οὕτως ἐκ παραβολῆς ἢ κατὰ φύσιν ὡς ἐλέχθη, οὕτως τὰ αὐτοῦ, καὶ πάλιν, ἐὰν βούλῃ, χωρὶς τὰ τοῦ ἐναντίου λόγου.
Either, then, in this way from comparison, or in the natural order in which it was spoken, stating one's own points, and again, if you wish, separately those of the opponent's speech.
§3.19.6τελευτὴ δὲ τῆς λέξεως ἁρμόττει ἡ ἀσύνδετος, ὅπως ἐπίλογος ἀλλὰ μὴ λόγος ᾖ· εἴρηκα, ἀκηκόατε, ἔχετε, κρίνατε
.
And the asyndetic style is fitting for the end of the delivery, so that it may be an epilogue and not a speech: "I have spoken, you have heard, you have the matter, judge."