§2.1271aτὸν τρόπον δὲ τοῦτον πεπαιδευμένων ὥστε καὶ τὸν νομοθέτην αὐτὸν ἀπιστεῖν ὡς οὐκ ἀγαθοῖς ἀνδράσιν, οὐκ ἀσφαλές.
But their being trained in this manner, so that the legislator himself distrusts them as not being good men, is not safe.
φαίνονται δὲ καὶ καταδωροδοκούμενοι καὶ καταχαριζόμενοι πολλὰ τῶν κοινῶν οἱ κεκοινωνηκότες τῆς ἀρχῆς ταύτης.
And those who have shared in this office are seen to be both taking bribes and showing favoritism in many of the public affairs.
διόπερ βέλτιον αὐτοὺς μὴ ἀνευθύνους εἶναι· νῦν δʼ εἰσίν.
Wherefore it would be better for them not to be exempt from audit; but now they are.
δόξειε δʼ ἂν ἡ τῶν ἐφόρων ἀρχὴ πάσας εὐθύνειν τὰς ἀρχάς· τοῦτο δὲ τῇ ἐφορείᾳ μέγα λίαν τὸ δῶρον, καὶ τὸν τρόπον οὐ τοῦτον λέγομεν διδόναι δεῖν τὰς εὐθύνας.
It might seem that the office of the ephors audits all offices; but this is too great a gift to the ephorate, and we say that audits should not be given in this manner.
ἔτι δὲ καὶ τὴν αἵρεσιν ἣν ποιοῦνται τῶν γερόντων κατά τε τὴν κρίσιν ἐστὶ παιδαριώδης, καὶ τὸ αὐτὸν αἰτεῖσθαι τὸν ἀξιωθησόμενον τῆς ἀρχῆς οὐκ ὀρθῶς ἔχει· δεῖ γὰρ καὶ βουλόμενον καὶ μὴ βουλόμενον ἄρχειν τὸν ἄξιον τῆς ἀρχῆς.
Furthermore, the election which they make of the elders is also childish in its judgment, and it is not right that the person who is to be deemed worthy of the office should himself ask for it; for the man who is worthy of the office ought to rule, whether he wishes to or not.
νῦν δʼ ὅπερ καὶ περὶ τὴν ἄλλην πολιτείαν ὁ νομοθέτης φαίνεται ποιῶν· φιλοτίμους γὰρ κατασκευάζων τοὺς πολίτας τούτῳ κέχρηται πρὸς τὴν αἵρεσιν τῶν γερόντων· οὐδεὶς γὰρ ἂν ἄρχειν αἰτήσαιτο μὴ φιλότιμος ὤν.
But now, the legislator appears to do just what he does in the rest of the constitution; for, in making the citizens ambitious, he has used this ambition for the election of the elders; for no one would ask to rule unless he were ambitious.
καίτοι τῶν γʼ ἀδικημάτων τῶν γʼ ἑκουσίων τὰ πλεῖστα συμβαίνει σχεδὸν διὰ φιλοτιμίαν καὶ διὰ φιλοχρηματίαν τοῖς ἀνθρώποις.
And yet, most of the voluntary wrongs among men occur because of ambition and because of avarice.
περὶ δὲ βασιλείας, εἰ μὲν βέλτιόν ἐστιν ὑπάρχειν ταῖς πόλεσιν ἢ μὴ βέλτιον, ἄλλος ἔστω λόγος· ἀλλὰ μὴν βέλτιόν γε μὴ καθάπερ νῦν, ἀλλὰ κατὰ τὸν αὑτοῦ βίον ἕκαστον κρίνεσθαι τῶν βασιλέων.
Concerning kingship, whether it is better for cities to have it or not, let there be another discussion; but surely it is better that it should not be as it is now, but that each of the kings should be judged according to his own life.
ὅτι δʼ ὁ νομοθέτης οὐδʼ αὐτὸς οἴεται δύνασθαι ποιεῖν καλοὺς κἀγαθούς, δῆλον· ἀπιστεῖ γοῦν ὡς οὐκ οὖσιν ἱκανῶς ἀγαθοῖς ἀνδράσιν· διόπερ ἐξέπεμπον συμπρεσβευτὰς τοὺς ἐχθρούς, καὶ σωτηρίαν ἐνόμιζον τῇ πόλει εἶναι τὸ στασιάζειν τοὺς βασιλεῖς.
And that the legislator himself does not think he can make men truly good is clear; at any rate, he distrusts them as not being sufficiently good men; for this reason they used to send enemies as joint ambassadors, and they regarded the factional strife of the kings as safety for the city.
οὐ καλῶς δʼ οὐδὲ περὶ τὰ συσσίτια τὰ καλούμενα φιδίτια νενομοθέτηται τῷ καταστήσαντι πρῶτον.
Nor was the legislation concerning the common meals called phiditia well enacted by him who first established them.
ἔδει γὰρ ἀπὸ κοινοῦ μᾶλλον εἶναι τὴν σύνοδον, καθάπερ ἐν Κρήτῃ· παρὰ δὲ τοῖς Λάκωσιν ἕκαστον δεῖ φέρειν, καὶ σφόδρα πενήτων ἐνίων ὄντων καὶ τοῦτο τὸ ἀνάλωμα οὐ δυναμένων δαπανᾶν, ὥστε συμβαίνει τοὐναντίον τῷ νομοθέτῃ τῆς προαιρέσεως.
For the gathering ought rather to have been supported from common funds, as in Crete; but among the Laconians, each individual must contribute, even though some are extremely poor and unable to afford this expense, so that the opposite of the legislator's intention occurs.
βούλεται μὲν γὰρ δημοκρατικὸν εἶναι τὸ κατασκεύασμα τῶν συσσιτίων, γίνεται δʼ ἥκιστα δημοκρατικὸν οὕτω νενομοθετημένον.
For although he wishes the institution of common meals to be democratic, it becomes least democratic when legislated in this way.
μετέχειν μὲν γὰρ οὐ ῥᾴδιον τοῖς λίαν πένησιν, ὅρος δὲ τῆς πολιτείας οὗτός ἐστιν αὐτοῖς ὁ πάτριος, τὸν μὴ δυνάμενον τοῦτο τὸ τέλος φέρειν μὴ μετέχειν αὐτῆς·
For it is not easy for the very poor to participate, and yet this is their traditional limit of the constitution, that he who is not able to pay this contribution does not participate in it.
τῷ δὲ περὶ τοὺς ναυάρχους νόμῳ καὶ ἕτεροί τινες ἐπιτετιμήκασιν, ὀρθῶς ἐπιτιμῶντες.
Some others have also criticized the law concerning the admirals, and they criticize it rightly.
στάσεως γὰρ γίνεται αἴτιος· ἐπὶ γὰρ τοῖς βασιλεῦσιν, οὖσι στρατηγοῖς ἀιδίοις, ἡ ναυαρχία σχεδὸν ἑτέρα βασιλεία καθέστηκεν.
For it becomes a cause of faction; for over the kings, who are lifelong generals, the admiralty has been established almost as another kingship.
καὶ ὡδὶ δὲ τῇ ὑποθέσει τοῦ νομοθέτου ἐπιτιμήσειεν ἄν τις, ὅπερ καὶ Πλάτων ἐν τοῖς Νόμοις ἐπιτετίμηκεν·
And one might criticize the hypothesis of the legislator in this way, just as Plato also criticized it in the Laws: