§2.2.14Κόνδαλος Μαυσώλου ὕπαρχος, ὁπότε διαπορευομένῳ αὐτῷ διὰ τῆς χώρας προσενέγκοι τις πρόβατον ἢ ὗν ἢ μόσχον, ἀπογραψάμενος τὸν δόντα καὶ τὸν χρόνον, ἀπαγαγόντα εἰς οἶκον ἐκέλευε τρέφειν ἕως ἂν ἐπανέλθοι·
Kondalos, the governor under Mausolus, whenever anyone brought him a sheep or a pig or a calf as he was traveling through the country, recorded the giver and the time, and ordered the giver to take it back to his own house and feed it until he should return.
ὁπότε δὲ δοκοίη χρόνος ἱκανὸς εἶναι, αὐτό τε τὸ τραφὲν καὶ τὴν ἐπικαρπίαν λογισάμενος ἀπῄτει.
When a sufficient time seemed to have passed, he calculated and demanded both the animal itself and its yield.
τῶν τε δένδρων τὰ ὑπερέχοντα ἢ πίπτοντα εἰς τὰς ὁδοὺς τὰς βασιλικὰς ἐπώλει ὡς τὰς ἐπικαρπίας.
He also sold the overhanging or fallen branches of the trees onto the royal roads as the yields of those trees.
τῶν δὲ στρατιωτῶν εἴ τις τελευτήσειε, διαπύλιον ἀπῄτει δραχμὴν τοῦ σώματος· ἅμα τε οὖν ἐντεῦθεν καὶ ἀργύριον ἐλάμβανεν, ἅμα τε οἱ ἡγεμόνες οὐ παρεκρούοντο αὐτόν, πότε τετελεύτηκεν ὁ στρατιώτης.
And whenever any of the soldiers died, he demanded a gate-tax of one drachma for the body; thus, on the one hand, he received money from this source, and on the other hand, the commanders could not deceive him as to when the soldier had died.
τούς τε Λυκίους ὁρῶν ἀγαπῶντας τὸ τρίχωμα φορεῖν, ἔφησε γράμματα ἥκειν παρὰ βασιλέως, κόμας ἀποστεῖλαι εἰς προκόμια, προστετάχθαι οὖν αὐτῷ ὑπὸ Μαυσώλου ἀποκεῖραι αὐτούς.
Seeing that the Lycians loved to wear their hair long, he claimed that letters had come from the King, ordering them to send hair for hairpieces, and that he had therefore been commanded by Mausolus to shear them.
ἔφησεν οὖν, εἰ βούλονται ἐπικεφάλαιον τακτὸν αὐτῷ δοῦναι, μεταπέμψασθαι ἐκ τῆς Ἑλλάδος κόμην, οἱ δὲ ἀσμένως ἔδοσαν ὃ ᾔτει, καὶ συνελέγη χρήματα πολλὰ ἀπὸ ὄχλου πολλοῦ.
He said, therefore, that if they wished to pay him a fixed poll-tax, he would send to Greece for hair; and they gladly gave what he asked, and a large amount of money was collected from a great crowd.
§2.2.15Ἀριστοτέλης Ῥόδιος ἄρχων Φωκαίας, ἀπορῶν χρημάτων, ὁρῶν στάσεις οὔσας δύο τῶν Φωκαίων, λόγους ἐποιήσατο πρὸς τὴν ἑτέραν στάσιν ἐν ἀπορρήτοις, φάσκων αὑτῷ διδόναι χρήματα τοὺς ἑτέρους ἐφʼ ᾧ αὐτοῖς τὰ πράγματα ἐγκλῖναι, αὐτὸς δὲ μᾶλλον βούλεσθαι παρὰ τούτων λαβεῖν καὶ τὰ περὶ τὴν πόλιν τούτοις διοικεῖν παραδοῦναι.
Aristoteles of Rhodes, the ruler of Phocaea, being in need of money and seeing that there were two factions among the Phocaeans, held secret talks with one of the factions, claiming that the other faction was offering him money on the condition that he should incline the government to them, but that he himself preferred to receive it from them and hand over the administration of the city to them.
ἀκούσαντες δὲ ταῦτα εὐθέως τὰ χρήματα οἱ παρόντες πορίσαντες ὅσα ἐκέλευσεν ἔδωκαν.
Hearing this, those present immediately provided as much money as he ordered and gave it to him.
ὁ δὲ τοῖς ἑτέροις πάλιν ἔδειξεν ἃ εἰληφὼς εἴη παρὰ τῶν ἑτέρων· οἱ δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ ἔφασαν οὐκ ἐλάττω δώσειν.
Then he showed the other faction what he had received from the first; and they too said they would give no less.
λαβὼν δὲ παρʼ ἀμφοτέρων κατήλλαξεν αὐτοὺς πρὸς ἀλλήλους.
Having taken money from both, he reconciled them with one another.
τοῖς τε πολίταις κατιδὼν οὔσας δίκας πολλὰς, καὶ μεγάλας ἐκ πολλοῦ χρόνου ἀδικίας τουτοῖς διὰ πολέμου, δικαστήριον καθίσας προεῖπεν, ὅσοι ἂν μὴ δικάσωνται χρόνῷ ὃν ἐθηκε, μηκέτι εἶναι ὑπὲρ τῶν προτέρων ἐγκλημάτων κρίσεις.
Moreover, observing that the citizens had many lawsuits, and great mutual grievances of long standing because of the war, he set up a court and proclaimed that whoever did not bring their suit within the time he had fixed, there would no longer be any trials for previous offenses.
τότε δὴ παραβόλιον πολλῶν δικῶν καὶ τὰς ἐκκλήτους μετʼ ἐπιτιμίων ἐφʼ αὑτὸν ποιούμενος καὶ παρʼ ἑκατέρων ἀργύριον διʼ ἑτέρων λαμβάνων, συνήγαγεν οὐκ ὀλίγα χρήματα.
Then, by taking for himself the deposit of many lawsuits and the appeals with penalties, and receiving money from both sides through intermediaries, he collected not a little money.
§2.2.16Κλαζομένιοι δʼ ἐν σιτοδείᾳ ὄντες χρημάτων τε ἀποροῦντες ἐψηφίσαντο, παρʼ οἷς ἔλαιόν ἐστι τῶν ἰδιωτῶν, δανεῖσαι τῇ πόλει ἐπὶ τόκῳ· γίνεται δὲ πολὺς οὗτος ὁ καρπὸς ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ αὐτῶν.
The Clazomenians, being in a food shortage and in need of money, voted that those of the private citizens who possessed oil should lend it to the city at interest; for this crop is abundant in their land.
δανεισάντων δὲ μισθωσάμενοι πλοῖα ἀπέστειλαν εἰς τὰ ἐμπόρια, ὅθεν αὐτοῖς ἧκε σῖτος, ὑποθήκης γενομένης τῆς τοῦ ἐλαίου τιμῆς.
When they lent it, the Clazomenians hired ships and sent them to the trade ports, whence grain came to them, the price of the oil being given as security.
ὀφείλοντές στρατιώταις μισθὸν εἴκοσι τάλαντα καὶ οὐ δοῦναι δυνάμενοι τόκον ἔφερον τοῖς ἡγεμόσι τέτταρα τάλαντα τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ· ἐπεὶ δὲ τοῦ μὲν ἀρχαίου ἀπέκοπτον οὐθέν, ἀεὶ δὲ μάτην ἐδαπάνων, νόμισμα ἔκοψαν σιδηροῦν εἰς ἀργυρίου λόγον εἴκοσι ταλάντων, εἶτα διδόντες τοῖς εὐπορωτάτοις ἐν τῇ πόλει κατὰ λόγον ἑκάστῳ ἀργύριον παρʼ ἐκείνων ἔλαβον ἴσον.
Owing twenty talents to their soldiers as pay and being unable to pay it, they were paying four talents a year as interest to the commanders; but since they were reducing nothing of the principal and were always spending money in vain, they struck an iron coinage to the value of twenty talents of silver, and then, distributing it to the wealthiest men in the city in proportion to each man's wealth, they received an equal amount of silver from them.
οἵ τε οὖν ἰδιῶται εἶχον εἰς τὰς καθʼ ἡμέραν χρείας ἀναλίσκειν καὶ ἡ πόλις τοῦ χρέους ἀπηλλάγη.
Thus the private citizens had money to spend on their daily needs, and the city was freed from its debt.
δεύτερον δὲ ἐκ τῶν προσόδων ἐκείνοις τόν τε τόκον κατέφερον καὶ ἀεὶ διαιροῦντες ἑκάστῳ πρὸς μέρος διεδίδοσαν, τοὺς δὲ σιδηροῦς ἐκομίζοντο.
Secondly, from the public revenues, they paid them the interest and, always dividing it, distributed it to each in proportion, and recovered the iron coins.
§2.2.17Σηλυβριανοὶ δὲ δεηθέντες χρημάτων, νόμου ὄντος αὐτοῖς σίτου μὴ ἐξάγειν ἐν λιμῷ γενομένοις, ἐκείνοις δὲ ὑπάρχοντος σίτου παλαιοῦ, ἐψηφίσαντο τῇ πόλει παραδοῦναι τοὺς ἰδιώτας τὸν σῖτον τῆς τεταγμένης τιμῆς, ὑπολειπόμενον ἕκαστον ἐνιαυτοῦ τροφήν· εἶτα ἐξαγωγὴν ἔδωκαν τῷ βουλομένῳ, τάξαντες τιμὴν ἣν ἐδόκει καλῶς ἔχειν αὐτοῖς.
The Selybrians, being in need of money, since they had a law not to export grain when they were in a famine, but they had a supply of old grain, voted that the private individuals should hand over their grain to the city at the fixed price, with each retaining a year's supply of food; then they gave permission to export to anyone who wished, fixing a price which seemed good to them.
§2.2.18Ἀβυδηνοὶ δέ, διὰ στασιασμὸν τῆς χώρας ἀργοῦ γενομένης, καὶ τῶν μετοίκων οὐ προϊεμένων αὐτοῖς οὐδὲν διὰ τὸ καὶ ἔτι ὀφείλειν, ἐψηφίσαντο τὸν βουλόμενον τοῖς γεωργοῖς δανείζειν, ὡς ἐργάσωνται, ὡς πρώτοις αὐτοῖς ἐσομένης τῆς κομιδῆς ἐκ τοῦ καρποῦ, τοῖς δὲ ἄλλοις ἐκ τῶν λειπομένων.
The Abydenes, since their land was uncultivated because of civil strife, and the resident aliens were advancing nothing to them because they were still in debt, voted that anyone who wished might lend money to the farmers so that they might cultivate, on the condition that they themselves should have the first recovery from the crop, and the others from what remained.
§2.2.19Ἐφέσιοι δεηθέντες χρημάτων νόμον ἔθεντο μὴ φορεῖν χρυσὸν τὰς γυναῖκας, ὅσον δὲ νῦν ἔχουσι δανεῖσαι τῇ πόλει.
The Ephesians, being in need of money, made a law that women should not wear gold, and should lend to the city what they now possessed.
τῶν τε κιόνων τισὶ τῶν ἐν τῷ νεῷ τάξαντες ἀργύριον ὃ δεῖ καταβαλεῖν εἴων ἐπιγράφεσθαι τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ δόντος τὸ ἀργύριον ὡς ἀνατεθεικότος.
And having fixed a sum of money to be paid for some of the columns in the temple, they allowed the name of the giver to be inscribed as having dedicated it.