§6.3#2Ἐν δὲ τούτῳ λευκὸν ἔνεστιν ὑγρόν, εἶτα ὁ νεοττός, καὶ περὶ αὐτὸν ὑμὴν χωρίζων, ὅπως μὴ ᾖ ἐν ὑγρῷ ὁ νεοττός·
Inside this is the liquid white, then the chick, and around it a membrane separating it, so that the chick is not in the liquid.
ὑπὸ δὲ τὸν νεοττὸν τὸ ὠχρόν, εἰς ὃ τῶν φλεβῶν ἔφερεν ἡ ἑτέρα, ἡ δ’ ἑτέρα εἰς τὸ περιέχον λευκόν.
And under the chick is the yolk, into which one of the veins led, and the other into the surrounding white.
Τὸ δὲ πᾶν περιέχει ὑμὴν μετὰ ὑγρότητος ἰχωροειδοῦς.
And a membrane surrounds the whole, together with a serum-like liquid.
Εἶτ’ ἄλλος ὑμὴν περὶ αὐτὸ ἤδη τὸ ἔμβρυον, ὥσπερ εἴρηται, χωρίζων πρὸς τὸ ὑγρόν.
Then there is another membrane around the embryo itself, as has been said, separating it from the liquid.
Ὑποκάτω δὲ τούτου τὸ ὠχρὸν ἐν ἑτέρῳ ὑμένι περιειλημμένον, εἰς ὃ τείνει ὀμφαλὸς ὁ ἀπὸ τῆς καρδίας καὶ τῆς μεγάλης φλεβὸς φέρων, ὥστε μὴ εἶναι τὸ ἔμβρυον ἐν μηδετέρᾳ τῶν ὑγροτήτων.
And below this is the yolk enclosed in another membrane, to which extends the umbilical cord leading from the heart and the great vein, so that the embryo is in neither of the liquids.
Περὶ δὲ τὴν εἰκοστὴν ἤδη φθέγγεταί τε κινούμενος ἔσωθεν, ἐάν τις κινῇ διελών, καὶ ἤδη δασὺς γίνεται, ὅταν ὑπὲρ τὰς εἴκοσιν ἡ ἐκκόλαψις γίγνηται τῶν ᾠῶν.
Around the twentieth day, if one cuts open and moves it, the chick already chirps while moving inside, and is already downy when the hatching of the eggs takes place after twenty days.
Ἔχει δὲ τὴν κεφαλὴν ὑπὲρ τοῦ δεξιοῦ σκέλους ἐπὶ τῇ λαγόνι, τὴν δὲ πτέρυγα ὑπὲρ τῆς κεφαλῆς· καὶ φανερὸς κατὰ τοῦτον τὸν χρόνον ὅ τε χοριοειδὴς ὑμὴν ὁ μετὰ τὸν τοῦ ὀστράκου ὑμένα τὸν ἔσχατον, εἰς ὃν ἔτεινεν ὁ ἕτερος τῶν ὀμφαλῶν (καὶ ὁ νεοττὸς ἐν τούτῳ δὴ γίνεται τότε ὅλος), καὶ ὁ ἕτερος ὑμὴν χοριοειδὴς ὤν, ὁ περὶ τὸ ὠχρὸν εἰς ὃ ἔτεινεν ὁ ἕτερος ὀμφαλός· ἄμφω δ’ ἤστην ἀπό τε τῆς καρδίας καὶ τῆς φλεβὸς τῆς μεγάλης.
And it has its head over the right leg upon the flank, and its wing over its head; and at this time there is visible both the chorion-like membrane which is next to the outermost membrane of the shell, to which one of the two umbilical cords extended (and the chick then indeed comes to be entirely within this), and the other membrane, which is also chorion-like, surrounding the yolk, to which the other umbilical cord extended; both of these arose from the heart and the great vein.
Ἐν δὲ τούτῳ τῷ χρόνῳ ὁ μὲν πρὸς τὸ ἔξω χόριον ὀμφαλὸς τείνων ἀπολύεται τοῦ ζῴου συμπεπτωκώς, ὁ δὲ εἰς τὸ ὠχρὸν φέρων συνήρτηται τοῦ νεοττοῦ πρὸς τὸ ἔντερον τὸ λεπτόν, καὶ ἔσω τοῦ ὠχροῦ πολὺ ἤδη γίνεται ἐν τῷ νεοττῷ, καὶ ὑπόστημα ἐν τῇ κοιλίᾳ ὠχρόν.
And at this time, the umbilical cord extending to the outer chorion collapses and is detached from the animal, while the one leading to the yolk is connected with the small intestine of the chick, and much of the yolk already comes to be inside the chick, and there is a yellow deposit in its stomach.
Καὶ περίττωμα δ’ ἀφίησι περὶ τὸν χρόνον τοῦτον πρὸς τὸ ἔξω χόριον, καὶ ἐν τῇ κοιλίᾳ ἔχει· λευκὸν δὲ καὶ τὸ ἔξω περίττωμα, καὶ ἔσω τι ἐγγίνεται λευκόν.
And it also discharges waste at this time towards the outer chorion, and has some in its stomach; and the outer waste is white, and some white substance also arises inside.
Τέλος δὲ τὸ ὠχρὸν ἀεὶ ἔλαττον γινόμενον καὶ προϊὸν ἀναλίσκεται πάμπαν καὶ ἐμπεριλαμβάνεται ἐν τῷ νεοττῷ, ὥστ’ ἤδη ἐκκεκολαμμένου δεκαταίου, ἄν τις ἀνασχίσῃ, ἔτι πρὸς τῷ ἐντέρῳ μικρόν τι τοῦ ὠχροῦ λείπεται, ἀπὸ δὲ τοῦ ὀμφαλοῦ ἀπολέλυται, καὶ οὐθὲν γίνεται μεταξὺ ἀλλ’ ἀνήλωται πᾶν.
Finally, the yolk, becoming ever smaller and as time goes on, is entirely consumed and included within the chick, so that if one cuts open a chick already hatched for ten days, a small part of the yolk is still left at the intestine, but it is detached from the umbilicus, and nothing remains in between, but all is consumed.
Περὶ δὲ τὸν χρόνον τὸν πρότερον ῥηθέντα καθεύδει μὲν ὁ νεοττός, ἐγείρεται δὲ καὶ ἀναβλέπει κινούμενος καὶ φθέγγεται· καὶ ἡ καρδία ἅμα τῷ ὀμφαλῷ ἀναφυσᾷ ὡς ἀναπνέοντος.
Around the time mentioned before, the chick sleeps, but also wakes up, looks up, moves, and chirps; and the heart, together with the umbilical cord, throbs as if it were breathing.
Ἡ μὲν οὖν γένεσις ἐκ τοῦ ᾠοῦ τοῖς ὄρνισι τοῦτον ἔχει τὸν τρόπον.
Such, then, is the manner of the generation from the egg in birds.
Τίκτουσι δ’ αἱ ὄρνιθες ἔνια ἄγονα τῶν ᾠῶν καὶ τὰ ἐξ ὀχείας γινόμενα, καὶ ἐπῳαζουσῶν οὐθὲν γίνεται ἔκγονον· τεθεώρηται δὲ τοῦτο μάλιστα ἐπὶ τῶν περιστερῶν.
And birds lay some infertile eggs even of those resulting from mating, and when they incubate them, no offspring is produced; and this has been observed especially in pigeons.
Τὰ δὲ δίδυμα τῶν ᾠῶν δύ’ ἔχει λεκίθους, ὧν τὰ μὲν διείργει τοῦ μὴ εἰς ἄλληλα συγκεχύσθαι τὰ ὠχρὰ τοῦ λευκοῦ λεπτὴ διάφυσις, τὰ δ’ οὐκ ἔχει ταύτην τὴν διάφυσιν, ἀλλὰ συμψαύουσιν.
Twin eggs have two yolks, of which in some a thin partition of white separates them so that the yolks do not run together, while others do not have this partition, but touch each other.
Εἰσὶ δ’ ἔνιαι ἀλεκτορίδες αἳ πάντα δίδυμα τίκτουσιν, καὶ ἤδη ἐπὶ τούτων ὦπται τὸ περὶ τὴν λέκιθον συμβαῖνον· ὀκτωκαίδεκα γάρ τις τεκοῦσα ἐξέλεψε δίδυμα, πλὴν ὅσα οὔρια ἐγένετο.
There are some hens that lay only twin eggs, and in their case, what happens concerning the yolk has already been observed; for one hen, having laid eighteen eggs, hatched twins from them, except for those that were wind-eggs.
Τὰ μὲν οὖν ἄλλα γόνιμα, πλὴν ὅτι τὸ μὲν μεῖζον τὸ δ’ ἔλαττον γίνεται τῶν διδύμων, τὸ δὲ τελευταῖον τερατῶδες.
The others, then, were fertile, except that of the twins one becomes larger and the other smaller, and the last one is monstrous.