§5.28Αἱ δ’ ἀκρίδες ὀχεύονται μὲν τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον τοῖς ἄλλοις ἐντόμοις, ἐπιβαίνοντος τοῦ ἐλάττονος ἐπὶ τὸ μεῖζον (τὸ γὰρ ἄρρεν ἔλαττόν ἐστι), τίκτουσι δ’ εἰς τὴν γῆν καταπήξασαι τὸν πρὸς τῇ κέρκῳ καυλόν, ὃν οἱ ἄρρενες οὐκ ἔχουσιν.
And locusts copulate in the same manner as the other insects, with the smaller mounting upon the larger (for the male is smaller), and they lay their eggs into the earth by fixing in the tube near the tail, which the males do not have.
Ἀθρόαι δὲ τίκτουσι καὶ κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν τόπον, ὥστε εἶναι καθαπερεὶ κηρίον.
They lay them in clusters and in the same place, so that it is just like a honeycomb.
Εἶθ’ ὅταν τέκωσιν, ἐνταῦθα γίνονται σκώληκες ᾠοειδεῖς, οἳ περιλαμβάνονται ὑπό τινος γῆς λεπτῆς ὥσπερ ὑμένος· ἐκ ταύτης δ’ ἐκπέττονται.
Then when they have laid them, egg-shaped larvae are produced there, which are enclosed by a thin layer of earth like a membrane; and from this they are hatched.
Γίνεται δὲ μαλακὰ τὰ κυήματα οὕτως ὥστ’ ἄν τις ἅψηται συνθλίβεσθαι.
And the embryos are so soft that if anyone touches them they are crushed.
Ταῦτα δ’ οὐκ ἐπιπολῆς ἀλλὰ μικρὸν ὑπὸ γῆς ἐστίν.
And these are not on the surface but a little beneath the earth.
Ὅταν δὲ πεφθῶσιν, ἐκδύνουσιν ἐκ τοῦ γεοειδοῦς τοῦ περιέχοντος ἀκρίδες μικραὶ καὶ μέλαιναι· εἶτα περιρρήγνυται αὐταῖς τὸ δέρμα, καὶ γίνονται εὐθὺς μείζους.
And when they are matured, small and black locusts crawl out from the earth-like envelope that surrounds them; then their skin splits all around them, and they immediately become larger.
Τίκτουσι δὲ λήγοντος τοῦ θέρους, καὶ τεκοῦσαι ἀποθνήσκουσιν· ἅμα γὰρ τικτούσαις σκώληκες ἐγγίνονται περὶ τὸν τράχηλον.
And they lay their eggs at the end of summer, and after laying they die; for at the same time as they lay, worms are produced around their necks.
Καὶ οἱ ἄρρενες δὲ ἀποθνήσκουσι περὶ τὸν αὐτὸν χρόνον.
And the males also die about the same time.
Ἐκδύνουσι δ’ ἐκ τῆς γῆς τοῦ ἔαρος.
And they emerge from the earth in the spring.
Οὐ γίνονται δ’ ἀκρίδες οὔτ’ ἐν τῇ ὀρεινῇ οὔτ’ ἐν τῇ λυπρᾷ, ἀλλ’ ἐν τῇ πεδιάδι καὶ κατερρωγυίᾳ· ἐν ταῖς ῥωγμαῖς γὰρ ἐκτίκτουσιν.
And locusts are produced neither in mountainous nor in poor land, but in flat and cracked land; for they lay their eggs in the cracks.
Διαμένει δὲ τὰ ᾠὰ τὸν χειμῶνα ἐν τῇ γῇ· ἅμα δὲ τῷ θέρει γίνονται ἐκ τῶν περυσινῶν κυημάτων ἀκρίδες.
And the eggs remain in the earth through the winter; and with the coming of summer, locusts are produced from the embryos of the previous year.
§5.29Ὁμοίως δὲ τίκτουσι καὶ οἱ ἀττέλαβοι, καὶ τεκόντες ἀποθνήσκουσιν.
And the attelabi also lay eggs in the same way, and after laying they die.
Φθείρεται δ’ αὐτῶν τὰ ᾠὰ ὑπὸ τῶν μετοπωρινῶν ὑδάτων, ὅταν πολλὰ γένηται· ἂν δ’ αὐχμὸς συμβῇ, τότε γίνονται μᾶλλον πολλοὶ οἱ ἀττέλαβοι διὰ τὸ μὴ φθείρεσθαι ὁμοίως, ἐπεὶ ἄτακτός γε δοκεῖ ἡ φθορὰ αὐτῶν, καὶ γίνεσθαι ὅπως αν τύχῃ.
And their eggs are destroyed by the autumn rains, when these are abundant; but if a drought occurs, then the attelabi become much more numerous because they are not destroyed in the same way, since their destruction seems to be irregular and to happen as chance would have it.
§5.30Τῶν δὲ τεττίγων γένη μέν ἐστι δύο, οἱ μὲν μικροί, οἳ πρῶτοι φαίνονται καὶ τελευταῖοι ἀπόλλυνται, οἱ δὲ μεγάλοι, οἱ ᾄδοντες, οἳ καὶ ὕστερον γίνονται καὶ πρότερον ἀπόλλυνται.
And of the cicadas there are two kinds: the small ones, which appear first and perish last, and the large ones, the singing ones, which are produced later and perish earlier.
Ὁμοίως δ’ ἔν τε τοῖς μικροῖς καὶ τοῖς μεγάλοις οἱ μὲν διῃρημένοι εἰσὶ τὸ ὑπόζωμα, οἱ ᾄδοντες, οἱ δὲ ἀδιαίρετοι, οἱ οὐκ ᾄδοντες.
And similarly both among the small and the large ones, some have the midriff divided, which are the singing ones, and others undivided, which are the non-singing ones.
Καλοῦσι δέ τινες τοὺς μὲν μεγάλους καὶ ᾄδοντας ἀχέτας, τοὺς δὲ μικροὺς τεττιγόνια· ᾄδουσι δὲ μικρὸν καὶ τούτων οἱ διῃρημένοι.
And some call the large and singing ones achetae, and the small ones tettigonia; and among these latter, those that are divided sing a little.
Οὐ γίνονται δὲ τέττιγες ὅπου μὴ δένδρα ἐστίν· διὸ καὶ ἐν Κυρήνῃ οὐ γίνονται ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ, περὶ δὲ τὴν πόλιν πολλοί, μάλιστα δ’ οὗ ἐλαῖαι· οὐ γὰρ γίνονται παλίνσκιοι.
And cicadas are not produced where there are no trees; which is why in Cyrene they are not produced in the plain, but are numerous around the city, and especially where there are olive trees; for they are not produced in deep shade.
Ἐν γὰρ τοῖς ψυχροῖς οὐ γίνονται τέττιγες, διὸ οὐδ’ ἐν τοῖς συσκίοις ἄλσεσιν.
For cicadas are not produced in cold places, which is why they are not found in shady groves.
Ὀχεύονται δ’ ὁμοίως οἱ μεγάλοι ἀλλήλοις καὶ οἱ μικροί, ὕπτιοι συνδυαζόμενοι πρὸς ἀλλήλους· ἐναφίησι δ’ ὁ ἄρρην εἰς τὴν θήλειαν, ὥσπερ καὶ τἆλλα ἔντομα.
And the large and the small ones copulate with each other in the same way, mating with their backs downwards against each other; and the male inserts into the female, just like the other insects.
Ἔχει δὲ καὶ ἡ θήλεια αἰδοῖον ἐσχισμένον· θήλεια δ’ ἐστὶν εἰς ἣν ἀφίησιν ὁ ἄρρην.
And the female also has a cleft genital organ; and the female is the one into which the male inserts.
Τίκτουσι δ’ ἐν τοῖς ἀργοῖς, τρυπῶντες ᾧ ἔχουσιν ὄπισθεν ὀξεῖ, καθάπερ καὶ οἱ ἀττέλαβοι· καὶ γὰρ οἱ ἀττέλαβοι τίκτουσιν ἐν τοῖς ἀργοῖς, διὸ πολλοὶ ἐν τῇ Κυρηναίᾳ γίνονται.
And they lay in uncultivated lands, boring with the sharp organ they have behind them, just like the attelabi; for the attelabi also lay in uncultivated lands, which is why they are numerous in the territory of Cyrene.
Ἐντίκτουσι δὲ καὶ ἐν τοῖς καλάμοις ἐν οἷς ἱστᾶσι τὰς ἀμπέλους· διατρυπῶντες τοὺς καλάμους, καὶ ἐν τοῖς τῆς σκίλλης καυλοῖς.
And they also lay in the reeds with which they prop up the vines, boring through the reeds, and in the stalks of the squill.
Ταῦτα δὲ τὰ κυήματα καταρρεῖ εἰς τὴν γῆν.
And these embryos slip down into the earth.
Γίνονται δὲ πολλοὶ ὅταν ἐπομβρία γένηται.
And they become numerous when rainy weather occurs.
Ὁ δὲ σκώληξ αὐξηθεὶς ἐν τῇ γῇ γίνεται τεττιγομήτρα· καὶ εἰσὶ τότε ἥδιστοι, πρὶν περιρραγῆναι τὸ κέλυφος.
And the larva, having grown in the earth, becomes a tettigometra; and they are sweetest at that time, before the shell splits open.
Ὅταν δ’ ἡ ὥρα ἔλθῃ περὶ τροπάς, ἐξέρχονται νύκτωρ, καὶ εὐθὺς ῥήγνυταί τε τὸ κέλυφος καὶ γίνονται τέττιγες ἐκ τῆς τεττιγομήτρας, καὶ γίνονται μέλανες καὶ σκληρότεροι εὐθὺς καὶ μείζους, καὶ ᾄδουσιν.
And when the season comes about the solstice, they come out by night, and immediately the shell splits and cicadas emerge from the tettigometra, and they immediately become black, harder, and larger, and they sing.
Εἰσὶ δ’ ἄρρενες μὲν οἱ ᾄδοντες ἐν ἀμφοτέροις τοῖς γένεσι, θήλεις δ’ οἱ ἕτεροι.
And the males are the singing ones in both kinds, and the females are the others.
Καὶ τὸ μὲν πρῶτον ἡδίους οἱ ἄρρενες, μετὰ δὲ τὴν ὀχείαν αἱ θήλειαι· ἔχουσι γὰρ ᾠὰ λευκά.
And at first the males are sweeter, but after copulation the females; for they contain white eggs.
Ἀναπετόμεναι δ’ ὅταν σοβήσῃ τις, ἀφιᾶσιν ὑγρὸν οἷον ὕδωρ, ὃ λέγουσιν οἱ γεωργοὶ ὡς κατουρούντων καὶ ἐχόντων περίττωμα καὶ τρεφομένων τῇ δρόσῳ.
And when anyone scares them and they fly up, they release a fluid like water, which the farmers say shows that they urinate and have excrement and feed on dew.
Ἐὰν δέ τις κινῶν τὸν δάκτυλον προσίῃ ἀπ’ ἄκρου ἐπικάμπτων τε καὶ ἐκτείνων πάλιν, μᾶλλον ὑπομένουσιν ἢ ἐὰν εὐθὺς ἐκτείνας, καὶ ἀναβαίνουσιν ἐπὶ τὸν δάκτυλον· διὰ τὸ ἀμυδρῶς γὰρ ὁρᾶν ὡς ἐπὶ φύλλον ἀναβαίνουσι κινούμενον.
And if anyone approaches them by moving a finger from the tip, bending and extending it again, they remain still more than if one extends it straight away, and they climb onto the finger; for because of their dim sight they climb onto it as if onto a moving leaf.