§15XV. ἡ μὲν οὗν πρώτη κάθοδος ἐγένετο τοιαύτη.
XV. Such, then, was the first return.
μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ὡς ἐξέπεσε τὸ δεύτερον ἔτει μάλιστα ἑβδόμῳ μετὰ τὴν κάθοδον, (οὐ γὰρ πολὺν χρόνον κατέσχεν, ἀλλὰ διὰ τὸ μὴ βούλεσθαι τῇ τοῦ Μεγακλέους θυγατρὶ συγγίγνεσθαι φοβηθεὶς ἀμφοτέρας τὰς στάσεις ὑπεξῆθεν), καὶ πρῶτον μὲν συνῴκισε περὶ τὸν Θερμαῖον κόλπον χωρίον ὅ καλεῖται ῾Ραίκηλος, ἐκεῖθεν δὲ παρῆλθεν εἰς τοὺς περὶ Πάγγαιον τόπους.
After this, when he was expelled for the second time in about the seventh year after his return (for he did not hold his power for a long time, but because he was unwilling to associate with the daughter of Megacles, fearing both factions, he secretly withdrew), he first settled a place called Rhaicelus near the Thermaic Gulf, and from there he went on to the regions around Pangaeum.
ὅθεν χρηματισάμενος ακὶ στρατιώτας μισθωσάμενος ἐλθὼν εἰς Ἐρέτριαν ἑνδεκάτῳ πάλιν ἔτει τό<τε> πρῶτον ἀνσῴσασθαι βίᾳ τὴν ἀρχὴν ἐπεχερει, συμπροθυμουμένων αὐτῷ πολλῶν μὲν καὶ ἄλλων, μάλιστα δὲ Θηβαίων καὶ Λυγδάμιος τοῦ Ναξίου, ἔτι δὲ τῶν ἱππέων τῶν ἐχόντων ἐν Ἐρετρίᾳ τὴν πολιτείαν.
Having raised money and hired soldiers there, he came to Eretria, and again in the eleventh year, he then first attempted to recover his rule by force, while many others, and especially the Thebans and Lygdamis of Naxos, and also the horsemen who held the government in Eretria, were sharing his enthusiasm.
| νικήσας δὲ τὴν ἐπὶ Παλληνίδι γάχην καὶ λαβὼν τὴν [π]όλιν καὶ παρελό- 25 τότε Bl. , al. ; το L ανασωσασθαι L 28 πόλιν Wn. (K-W3) recte it vid. μενος τοῦ δήμου τὰ ὅπλα κατεῖχεν ἤδη τὴν τυραννίδα βεβαίως· καὶ Νάξον ἑλὼν ἄρχοντα κατέστησε Λύγδαμιν.
Having won the battle of Pallene, and having taken the city and disarmed the people, he now held the tyranny securely; and having captured Naxos, he appointed Lygdamis as ruler.
παρείλετο δὲ τοῦ δήμου τὰ ὅπλα τόνδε τὸν τρόπον.
He disarmed the people in the following manner.
ἐξοπλασίαν ἐν τῷ θησείῳ ποιησάμενος ἐκκλησιάζειν ἐπεχείρει, καὶ [χρόνον προσηγό]ρευεν μικρόν· οὐ φασκόντων δὲ κατακούειν αὐτοὺς προσαναβῆναι πρὸς τὸ πρόπυλον τῆς ἀκροπόλεως, ἵνα γεγωνῇ μᾶλλον.
Having held an assembly of armed men in the Theseium, he attempted to address them, and spoke for a short time; and when they said they could not hear, he told them to go up to the propylaea of the acropolis, so that his voice might carry further.
ἐν ᾧ δ᾿ ἐκεῖνος διέτριβε δημηγορῶν, ἀνελόντες οἱ ἐπὶ τούτῳ τεταγμένοι τ[ὰ ὅπ]λα καὶ [κατα]κλείσαντες εἰς τὰ πλησίον οἰκήματα τοῦ Θησείου ἐλθόντες πρὸς τὸν Πεισίστρατον.
While he spent time haranguing them, those appointed for this purpose took up the arms, locked them in the neighboring buildings of the Theseium, and came to Peisistratus.
ὁ δὲ ἐπεὶ τὸν ἄλλον λόγον ἐπετέλεσεν, εἶπε καὶ περὶ τῶν ὅπλων τὸ γεγονὸς ὡς οὐ χρὴ θαυμάζειν οὐδ᾿ ἀθυμεῖν, ἀλλ᾿ ἀπελθόντας ἐπὶ τῶν ἐδίων τῶν δὲ κοινῶν αὐ[τὸς] ἐπ[ι]μελήσεσθαι πάντων.
He, when he had finished the rest of his speech, told them what had happened concerning the arms, saying that they should not wonder or be disheartened, but should go away to their own private affairs, and that he himself would take care of all public matters.
§16XVI. ἡ μὲν οὖν Πεισιστράτου τυραννὶς ἐξ ἀρχῆς τε κατέστη τοῦτον τὸν τρόπον καὶ μεταβολὰς ἔσχεν τοσαύτας.
XVI. The tyranny of Peisistratus, then, was established in this manner from the beginning, and underwent so many changes.
διῴκει δ᾿ ὁ Πεισίστρατος, ὥσπερ εἴρηται, τὰ περὶ τὴν πόλιν μετρίως καὶ μᾶλλον πολιτικῶς ἢ τυραννικῶς· ἔν τε γὰρ τοῖς ἄλλοις φιλάνθρωπος ἦν καὶ πρᾷος καὶ τοῖς ἁμαρτάνουσι συγγνωμονικός, καὶ δὴ καὶ τοῖς ἀ[πό]ροις προεδάνειζε χρήματα πρὸς τὰς ἐργασίας, ὥστε διατρέφεσθαι γεωργοῦντας.
Peisistratus administered the affairs of the city, as has been said, moderately and more in a constitutional than a tyrannical manner; for in other respects he was humane and mild and forgiving to offenders, and especially he advanced money to the poor for their work, so that they might support themselves by farming.
τοῦτο δ᾿ ἐποίει δυοῖν χάριν, ἵνα μήτε ἐν τῷ ἄστει διατρίβωσιν ἀλλὰ διεσπαρμένοι κατὰ τὴν χώραν, καὶ ὅπως εὐποροῦντες τῶν μετρίων καὶ πρὸς τοῖς ἰδίοις ὄντες μήτ᾿ ἐπιθυμῶσι μήτε σχολάζω[σι]ν ἐπιμελεῖσθαι τῶν κοινῶν.
He did this for two reasons: that they might not spend time in the city but be scattered throughout the country, and that, being moderately well-off and occupied with their private affairs, they might neither desire nor have leisure to attend to public business.
ἅμα δὲ συνέβαινεν αὐτῷ καὶ τὰς προσόδους γίγνεσθαι μείζους ἐξεργαζομένης τῆς χώρας· ἐπράττετο γὰρ ἀπὸ τῶν γιγνομένων δεκάτην.
At the same time, it also happened that his revenues became larger as the land was cultivated; for he collected a tenth of the produce.
διὸ καὶ τοὺς κατὰ δήμους κατεσκεύασε δικαστάς, καὶ αὐτὸς ἐξῄει πολλάκις εἰς τὴν χώραν ἐπισκοπῶν καὶ διαλύων τοὺς διαφερομένους, ὅπως μὴ καταβαίνοντες εἰς τὸ ἄστυ παραμελῶσι τῶν ἔργων.
For this reason, he also appointed the judges throughout the demes, and often went out into the country himself to inspect and to settle disputes, so that they might not neglect their work by coming down into the city.
τοιαύτης γάρ τινος ἐξόδου τῷ Πεισιστράτῳ γιγνομένης συμβῆναί φασι τὰ περὶ τὸν ἐν τῷ [Ὑμ]ηττῷ γεωργοῦντα τὸ κληθὲν ὕστερον χωρίον ἀτελές.
For they say that, while Peisistratus was making such an excursion, the incident occurred concerning the man farming what was afterwards called the "tax-free" plot on Hymettus.
ἰδὼν γάρ τινα παντελῶ[ς π]έτρας σκάπτοντα καὶ ἐργαζόμενον, διὰ τὸ θαυμάσαι τὸν παῖδα ἐκέλευσεν ἐρέσθαι τί γίγνεται ἐκ τοῦ χωρίου· ὅ δ᾿ ῾ὅσα κακὰ καὶ ὀδύναι᾿ ἔφη, ῾καὶ τούτων τῶν κακῶν καὶ τῶν ἐδυνῶν Πεισίστρατον δεῖ τὴν δεκάτην᾿. ὁ μὲν ἄνθρωπος ἀπεκρίνατο ἀγνοῶν, ὁ δὲ Πεισίστρατος ἡσθεὶς διὰ τὴν παρρησίαν καὶ τὴν φιλερ[γ]ίαν ἀτελῆ πάντων ἐποίησεν αὐτόν.
For seeing someone digging and working what was entirely rocks, because he wondered, he ordered his servant to ask what was produced from the place; and he said, "Every kind of evil and pain, and of these evils and pains Peisistratus must take his tenth." The man answered not knowing who he was, but Peisistratus, being pleased with his frankness and industry, made him free from all taxes.
οὐδὲν δὲ τὸ πλῆθος οὐδ᾿ ἐν τοῖς ἄλλοις παρ<ην>ώχλε[ι] κατὰ τὴν ἀρχήν, ἀλλ᾿ αἰεὶ παρεσκε[ύ]αζεν εἰρήνην καὶ ἐτήρει τὴν ἡσυχίαν· διὸ πολλὰ κλέ[α ἐ]θρ[ύλλο]υν ὡς [ἡ] Πεισιστράτου τυραννὶς ὁ ἐπὶ Κρόν[ου] βίος εἴη· συνίβη γὰρ ἀρχήν.
He did not trouble the multitude in other respects during his rule, but always maintained peace and kept quietness; for which reason it was often spoken of that the tyranny of Peisistratus was the life under Cronus; for it happened afterwards that the rule became much harsher.
μέγιστον δὲ παντων ἧ[ν] τῶν ε[ἰρη]μένων τὸ δημοτικὸν εἷναι τῷ ἤθει καὶ φιλάνθρωπον.
The greatest of all the things mentioned was that he was democratic in his character and humane.
ἔν τε γὰρ τοῖς ἄλλο[ις] ἐβ[ούλ]ετο πάντα διοικεῖν κατὰ τοὺς ἀρ]χ[ῇ] καὶ [ὅ]τ᾿ ἐκπέσοι πάλιν άνελάμβανε ῥᾳδίως.
For in other things he wished to administer everything according to the laws, giving himself no advantage; and once, having been summoned to the Areopagus on a charge of murder, he appeared in person to make his defense, but the prosecutor became frightened and left.
ἐβούλοντο γὰρ καὶ τῶν γνωρίμων καὶ τῶν δημοτικῶν οἱ πολλοί· τοὺς μὲν γὰρ ταῖς ὁμιλίαις τοὺς δὲ ταῖς εἰς τὰ ἴδια βοηθείαις προσ[ή]γετο, καὶ πρὸς ἀμφοτέρους ἐπεφύκει καλῶς.
For this reason his rule also lasted for a long time, and when he was expelled, he recovered it again easily; for most of both the notables and the common people wished it; for he won over the former by his social relations and the latter by his assistance to their private affairs, and he was naturally well-suited to both.
ἧσαν δὲ καὶ τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις οἱ περὶ τῶν τυράννων νόμοι πρᾷοι κατ᾿ ἐκίνους τοῦς καιροὺς οἵ τ᾿ ἄλλοι καὶ δὴ καὶ ὁ μάλιστα καθήκων πρὸς τὴν τῆς τυρανννίδος <κατάστασιν>. νόμος γὰρ αὐτοῖς ἧν ὅδε·
The laws of the Athenians concerning tyrants were also mild at those times, both the others and especially the one relating to the establishment of a tyranny.
῾θέσμια τάδε Ἀθηναίων ἐστὶ καὶ πάτρια· ἐάν τινες τυραννεῖν ἐπανιστῶνται [ἐπὶ τυραννίδι] ἢ συγκαθιστῇ τὴν τυραννίδα, ἄτιμον εἷναι καὶ αὐτὸν καὶ γένος᾿.
For they had this law: "These are the ordinances of the Athenians and ancestral: if any rise up to establish a tyranny, or help to establish a tyranny, both he and his family shall be outlawed."