§2.6Λεκτέον δὲ καθʼ ἑκάστην αἴσθησιν περὶ τῶν αἰσθητῶν πρῶτον.
But we must speak concerning the objects of sense first in regard to each sense.
λέγεται δὲ τὸ αἰσθητὸν τριχῶς, ὧν δύο μὲν καθʼ αὑτά φαμεν αἰσθάνεσθαι, τὸ δὲ ἓν κατὰ συμβεβηκός.
And the object of sense is spoken of in three ways, of which we say that we sense two in themselves, and one incidentally.
τῶν δὲ δυοῖν τὸ μὲν ἴδιόν ἐστιν ἑκάστης αἰσθήσεως, τὸ δὲ κοινὸν πασῶν.
And of the two, the one is proper to each sense, and the other is common to all.
λέγω δʼ ἴδιον μὲν ὃ μὴ ἐνδέχεται ἑτέρᾳ αἰσθήσει αἰσθάνεσθαι, καὶ περὶ ὃ μὴ ἐνδέχεται ἀπατηθῆναι, οἷον ὄψις χρώματος καὶ ἀκοὴ ψόφου καὶ γεῦσις χυμοῦ, ἡ δʼ ἁφὴ πλείους ἔχει διαφοράς·
And I call proper that which cannot be sensed by another sense, and concerning which it is impossible to be deceived; for example, sight of color, hearing of sound, and taste of flavor, while touch has several differences.
ἀλλʼ ἑκάστη γε κρίνει περὶ τούτων, καὶ οὐκ ἀπατᾶται ὅτι χρῶμα οὐδʼ ὅτι ψόφος, ἀλλὰ τί τὸ κεχρωσμένον ἢ ποῦ, ἢ τί τὸ ψοφοῦν ἢ ποῦ.
But at least each of them judges concerning these, and is not deceived as to the fact that it is color nor that it is sound, but rather what the colored thing is or where, or what the sounding thing is or where.
τὰ μὲν οὖν τοιαῦτα λέγεται ἴδια ἑκάστης, κοινὰ δὲ κίνησις, ἠρεμία, ἀριθμός, σχῆμα, μέγεθος· τὰ γὰρ τοιαῦτα οὐδεμιᾶς ἐστὶν ἴδια, ἀλλὰ κοινὰ πάσαις.
Such things, then, are called proper to each, but common are movement, rest, number, shape, magnitude; for such things are proper to none, but common to all.
καὶ γὰρ ἁφῇ κίνησίς τίς ἐστιν αἰσθητὴ καὶ ὄψει.
For indeed by touch a certain movement is sensible, and by sight.
κατὰ συμβεβηκὸς δὲ λέγεται αἰσθητόν, οἷον εἰ τὸ λευκὸν εἴη Διάρους υἱός· κατὰ συμβεβηκὸς γὰρ τούτου αἰσθάνεται, ὅτι τῷ λευκῷ συμβέβηκε τοῦτο, οὗ αἰσθάνεται· διὸ καὶ οὐδὲν πάσχει ᾖ τοιοῦτον ὑπὸ τοῦ αἰσθητοῦ.
And something is said to be an incidental object of sense, for example, if the white thing is the son of Diares; for it is incidentally that one senses this, because this is accidental to the white thing which one senses; wherefore also it undergoes nothing from the object of sense insofar as it is such.
τῶν δὲ καθʼ αὑτὰ αἰσθητῶν τὰ ἴδια κυρίως ἐστὶν αἰσθητά, καὶ πρὸς ἃ ἡ οὐσία πέφυκεν ἑκάστης αἰσθήσεως.
Of the objects of sense in themselves, the proper ones are objects of sense in the strict sense, and those to which the essence of each sense is naturally adapted.